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D converters: The next generation
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Engineering Information Abstracts (Part I)
Publication Year: 1997 Abstract: A new redundant representation of signals with continuous valued digits enables introduction of more complex analog processing elements in a digital architecture. Continuous valued digits allow better utilization of the potential accuracy in VLSI technologies. The proposed processing methodology can be applied in an analog or in a digital system, and with either truly continuous digits, or with discrete valued digits. Coding and de-coding is relatively simple and robust. Overlap Resolution signal processing utilizes residuelike arithmetic and opens up a powerful approach to parallel analog computations with digital accuracy. In English ŽAuthor abstract . 4 Refs. EI Order Number: 98054179377 Keywords: Digital signal processing; Digital to analog conversion; VLSI circuits; Signal encoding; Decoding; Digital arithmetic Title: DELTA-SIGMA A r D CONVERTERS: THE NEXT GENERATION Author(s): Fiez, Terri S.; Eshraghi, Aria Source: Proceedings of the 1997 40th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems. Part 1 Žof 2. Aug 3-6 1997 v 1 Sacramento, CA, USA. Sponsored by: IEEE Piscataway NJ USA. p 181-184 CODEN: MSCSDL Publication Year: 1997 Abstract: Delta-sigma ArD converters are well suited for applications requiring high resolution in a relatively low frequency bandwidth. As the technology continues to mature, the next generation of delta-sigma ArD converters will be exploited for applications requiring both high resolution and high speed. The conference talk will describe three approaches to extending the useful bandwidth of the delta-sigma ArD converter. They include the use of multibit quantization with feedforward digital compensation, multibit quantization with feedback dynamic element matching and the use of parallelism. In English ŽAuthor abstract . 21 Refs. EI Order Number: 98054179327 Keywords: Analog to digital conversion; Bandwidth; Digital signal processing; Algorithms; Signal filtering and prediction; Image quality; Image processing; Digital filters Title: AUTOMATED TRACING OF ROCK MASS DISCONTINUITIES FROM DIGITAL IMAGES Author(s): Reid, T.R.; Harrison, J.P. Source: Proceedings of the 1997 36th US Rock Mechanics ISRM International Symposium Jun 29-Jul 2 1997 v 34 n 3-4 New York, NY, USA. Elsevier Sci Ltd Exeter Engl. p 535 ISSN: 0148-9062 CODEN: IRMGBG Publication Year: 1997 Abstract: This paper presents initial results from a novel algorithm, coded in C, to automatically detect discontinuities from digital images of rock exposures. The basis of the method is that a digital image of a rock exposure is considered as a grey scale topographic surface, on which dark pixels represent low elevation and light pixels high elevation. Generally, discontinuities which intersect a near-planar rock face form dark linear features, and these can be regarded in three dimensions
as topographic ravines. The algorithm considers the curvature of this surface and using this detects pixels which coincide with discontinuities. In English EI Order Number: 98044176372 Keywords: Image processing; Rocks; Digital signal processing; Rock mechanics; Photogrammetry; Surface structure; Algorithms; Characterization Title: SIGNAL DISCRETE REPRESENTATION AND PROCESSING IN HOLOGRAPHIC CORRELATOR Author(s): Gnatovsky, A.V.; Zolochevskaja, O.V.; Loginov, A.P.; Yarovoy, L.K. Source: Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering Int. Conference on Optical Storage, Imaging, and Transmission of Information May 14 1996 v 3055 1997 Kiev, Ukraine Sponsored by: SPIE - Int Soc for Opt Engineering, Bellingham, WA USA Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers Bellingham WA USA. p 186-192 ISSN: 0277-786X CODEN: PSISDG ISBN: 0-8194-2470-6 Publication Year: 1997 Abstract: The report presents an experimental evidence and theoretical background for the development of new correlation devices, which initially aimed at information take off in one or several points where the sensors of the detecting system are located. The main feature of this approach is to employ the multibeam interference energy redistribution of the correlation signal in to the predetermined points of in information take off. Such discrete representation ensures considerable gain in energy and does not distort the signal to be examined. In English 6 Refs. EI Order Number: 97093812612 Keywords: Holography; Signal processing; Optical correlation; Correlation detectors; Sensors Title: NEW APPROACH FOR INTENSITY DISTORTIONINVARIANT OPR Author(s): Hong, Rutong; Hong, En; Xu, Hui Source: Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering Optical Pattern Recognition VIII Apr 22-23 1997 v 3073 Orlando, FL, USA Sponsored by: SPIE - Int Soc for Opt Engineering, Bellingham, WA USA. Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers Bellingham WA USA. p 62-68 ISSN: 0277-786X CODEN: PSISDG ISBN: 0-8194-2488-9 Publication Year: 1997 Abstract: A intensity-invariant recognition technique was proposed for 3D object distortion-invariant OPR. A new preprocessing algorithm for training image set constructing and synthetic discriminant function ŽSDF. synthesizing technique were used to realize intensity-invariant SDF, and a input scenery image dynamic thresholding preprocessing technique was used to optimize the real-time optical correlation SrN of SDF and input scenery image. As result, the optical correlation SrN is independent of recognized object image intensity and distribution, in other words, the illuminating condition, reflectivity or thermal radiation condition of recognized object. An intensity, rotation, depression, scale and shift invari-
Engineering Information Abstracts (Part I)
Publication Year: 1997 Abstract: A new redundant representation of signals with continuous valued digits enables introduction of more complex analog processing elements in a digital architecture. Continuous valued digits allow better utilization of the potential accuracy in VLSI technologies. The proposed processing methodology can be applied in an analog or in a digital system, and with either truly continuous digits, or with discrete valued digits. Coding and de-coding is relatively simple and robust. Overlap Resolution signal processing utilizes residuelike arithmetic and opens up a powerful approach to parallel analog computations with digital accuracy. In English ŽAuthor abstract . 4 Refs. EI Order Number: 98054179377 Keywords: Digital signal processing; Digital to analog conversion; VLSI circuits; Signal encoding; Decoding; Digital arithmetic Title: DELTA-SIGMA A r D CONVERTERS: THE NEXT GENERATION Author(s): Fiez, Terri S.; Eshraghi, Aria Source: Proceedings of the 1997 40th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems. Part 1 Žof 2. Aug 3-6 1997 v 1 Sacramento, CA, USA. Sponsored by: IEEE Piscataway NJ USA. p 181-184 CODEN: MSCSDL Publication Year: 1997 Abstract: Delta-sigma ArD converters are well suited for applications requiring high resolution in a relatively low frequency bandwidth. As the technology continues to mature, the next generation of delta-sigma ArD converters will be exploited for applications requiring both high resolution and high speed. The conference talk will describe three approaches to extending the useful bandwidth of the delta-sigma ArD converter. They include the use of multibit quantization with feedforward digital compensation, multibit quantization with feedback dynamic element matching and the use of parallelism. In English ŽAuthor abstract . 21 Refs. EI Order Number: 98054179327 Keywords: Analog to digital conversion; Bandwidth; Digital signal processing; Algorithms; Signal filtering and prediction; Image quality; Image processing; Digital filters Title: AUTOMATED TRACING OF ROCK MASS DISCONTINUITIES FROM DIGITAL IMAGES Author(s): Reid, T.R.; Harrison, J.P. Source: Proceedings of the 1997 36th US Rock Mechanics ISRM International Symposium Jun 29-Jul 2 1997 v 34 n 3-4 New York, NY, USA. Elsevier Sci Ltd Exeter Engl. p 535 ISSN: 0148-9062 CODEN: IRMGBG Publication Year: 1997 Abstract: This paper presents initial results from a novel algorithm, coded in C, to automatically detect discontinuities from digital images of rock exposures. The basis of the method is that a digital image of a rock exposure is considered as a grey scale topographic surface, on which dark pixels represent low elevation and light pixels high elevation. Generally, discontinuities which intersect a near-planar rock face form dark linear features, and these can be regarded in three dimensions
as topographic ravines. The algorithm considers the curvature of this surface and using this detects pixels which coincide with discontinuities. In English EI Order Number: 98044176372 Keywords: Image processing; Rocks; Digital signal processing; Rock mechanics; Photogrammetry; Surface structure; Algorithms; Characterization Title: SIGNAL DISCRETE REPRESENTATION AND PROCESSING IN HOLOGRAPHIC CORRELATOR Author(s): Gnatovsky, A.V.; Zolochevskaja, O.V.; Loginov, A.P.; Yarovoy, L.K. Source: Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering Int. Conference on Optical Storage, Imaging, and Transmission of Information May 14 1996 v 3055 1997 Kiev, Ukraine Sponsored by: SPIE - Int Soc for Opt Engineering, Bellingham, WA USA Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers Bellingham WA USA. p 186-192 ISSN: 0277-786X CODEN: PSISDG ISBN: 0-8194-2470-6 Publication Year: 1997 Abstract: The report presents an experimental evidence and theoretical background for the development of new correlation devices, which initially aimed at information take off in one or several points where the sensors of the detecting system are located. The main feature of this approach is to employ the multibeam interference energy redistribution of the correlation signal in to the predetermined points of in information take off. Such discrete representation ensures considerable gain in energy and does not distort the signal to be examined. In English 6 Refs. EI Order Number: 97093812612 Keywords: Holography; Signal processing; Optical correlation; Correlation detectors; Sensors Title: NEW APPROACH FOR INTENSITY DISTORTIONINVARIANT OPR Author(s): Hong, Rutong; Hong, En; Xu, Hui Source: Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering Optical Pattern Recognition VIII Apr 22-23 1997 v 3073 Orlando, FL, USA Sponsored by: SPIE - Int Soc for Opt Engineering, Bellingham, WA USA. Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers Bellingham WA USA. p 62-68 ISSN: 0277-786X CODEN: PSISDG ISBN: 0-8194-2488-9 Publication Year: 1997 Abstract: A intensity-invariant recognition technique was proposed for 3D object distortion-invariant OPR. A new preprocessing algorithm for training image set constructing and synthetic discriminant function ŽSDF. synthesizing technique were used to realize intensity-invariant SDF, and a input scenery image dynamic thresholding preprocessing technique was used to optimize the real-time optical correlation SrN of SDF and input scenery image. As result, the optical correlation SrN is independent of recognized object image intensity and distribution, in other words, the illuminating condition, reflectivity or thermal radiation condition of recognized object. An intensity, rotation, depression, scale and shift invari-