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Dental materials: 1977 literature review Part II
Journal o f Dentistry 8, No. 1, 1980, pp. 93--94
Printedin Great Britain
J O U R N A L OF DENTISTRY Abstracts from this issue ECCLES J. D. The management of sterilization in dental teaching hospitals, J. Dent. 8 (1980) 3--7. A survey was carried out of the methods o f organizing sterilization and the techniques used in dental teaching hospitals in the British Isles. Eight hospitals used central sterilization, 4 used a clinic system and 4 had chairside facilities. Instruments for conservation, scaling and endodontics, suction tips, matrix retainers and bands were nearly always sterilized. Handpieces, spray nozzles, amalgam carriers, impression trays and burs were often not sterilized. The practical difficulties of achieving ideal sterilization are considered.
GLENWRIGHT H. D. Cross--infection in dentistry with particular reference to oral surgery and periodontics, J. Dent. 8 (1980) 8--12. There is evidence that the dentist, his assistant and patients are at risk from aerosol and particulate matter created during prophylaxis and oral and periodontal surgical procedures. Methods of reducing these hazards are discussed.
M A C F A R L A N E T. W. Sterilization in general J. Dent. 8 (1980) 13--19.
dental
practice,
The prevention of cross infection during dental treatment is an important part o f practice management. The different methods of sterilization used in dental practice are compared and their suitability for rendering instruments safe f o r use assessed.
SIMS W. The problem of cross-infection in dental surgery with particular reference to serum hepatitis, J. Dent. 8 (1980) 2 0 - 2 6 . Prevention of spread of serum hepatitis in dentistry is.discussedI in relation both to the known carrier and the healthy carrier who is unaware of the presence of serum hepatitis in his blood. The strict technique
required to eliminate the causative organism from the environment and prevent its transmission from dentist to patient and vice versa is described.
M A C G R E G O R A. R., M I L L E R T. P. G. and F A R A H J. W. Stress analysis of mandibu lar partial dentures with bounded and free-end saddles, J. Dent. 8 (1980) 27--34. Three-dimensional photoelastic stress analysis has been used to examine the stresses on 6 different designs of removable partial dentures. Two o f the designs had bounded saddles, while 4 had bilateral free-end saddles. The significance of the findings is discussed.
L A M B D. J. Denture adhesives: a side effect, J. Dent. 8 (1980) 35--42. An in vitro experiment was performed to demonstrate whether a denture adhesive containing Karaya gum could decalcify dental enamel. Decalcification was estimated by means o f microindentation hardness tests. To enhance visibility the specimens examined were gold plated before the indentations were measured. Thedegree of decalcification was expressed as an 'equivalent zero-hardness layer'. Results showed that decalcification does occur and that the use of denture adhesives containing Karaya gum will probably worsen any predisposition to caries. The use of such materials should be discouraged f o r patients with any natural teeth.
B R A D E N M. (ed.) Dental materials: 1977 literature review Part II, J. Dent. 8 (1980) 43--67. This paper, which is presented in two parts, reviews the work on dental materials published in 1977. Included in Part I were sactions on amalgam, casting alloys, denture base polymers, composite filling materials, tissue conditioners and soft lining materials and fissure sealants. A review of the litera-
94 ture relating to impression materials, dental ceramics, model and die materials, cements, dental implants and dental biomechanics is presented in Part II. CRISP S., LEWIS B. G. and W I L S O N A. D. Characterization of glass--ionomer cements. 6. A study of erosion and water absorption in both neutral and acidic media, J. Dent. 8 (1980) 68-74. The erosion and water absorption of several glass--ionomer cements, a zinc polycarboxylate cement and a dental silicate cement were compared both in neutral and acid solution. The glass--ionomer cements showed the greatest initial water uptake, but this trend did not continue. Both soluble and in'soluble erosion products are formed and the proportion of each depends both on the nature of the cement and the test media. The glass-ionomer cements are least affected by acid solutions. JACOBSEN P. H. and CURSON I. Graduates' opinions of their training in conservative dentistry, J. Dent. 8 (1980) 75--80. The opinions of 219 graduates of King's College Hospital Dental School on their training in Conservative Dentistry have been collected and analysed. The significant findings are presented. The majority of the graduates are in general practice, have few higher qualifications and do not attend postgraduate courses. In their opinion, Conservative Dentistry, Prosthetics and
Journal of Dentistry, Vol. 8/No. 1 Periodontology are the most important subjects in the dental course and clinical experience was the most effective means by which to learn dentistry.
K I N G N. M. and R U L E D. C. Restoration of hypoplastic teeth -- a simplified acid etch technique, J. D e n t 8 (1980) 81--84.
Although the direct bonding of composite resins to hypoplastic teeth has been well documented, currently employed techniques often produce aesthetically disappointing results, as considerable expertise is necessary to ensure satisfactory gingival and interstitial contours. A short clinical procedure is reported which was developed and carried out using universally available materials. The method involves the preparation of acetate matrices on a stone model prior to acid etching in order to bond composite resin to the hypoplastic teeth. The case history presented illustrates the technique and permits a comparison of the aesthetic results produced by this and an alternative method.
D A Y A L P. K., MANI N. J. and V E R M A P.K. Talon cusp: a r e v i e w and case report, J. Dent. 8 (1980) 85--87. A case of bilateral talon cusp in maxillary lateral incisors, a relatively rare condition, is presented. The aetiology and clinical problems are discussed.
Printedin Great Britain
J O U R N A L OF DENTISTRY Abstracts from this issue ECCLES J. D. The management of sterilization in dental teaching hospitals, J. Dent. 8 (1980) 3--7. A survey was carried out of the methods o f organizing sterilization and the techniques used in dental teaching hospitals in the British Isles. Eight hospitals used central sterilization, 4 used a clinic system and 4 had chairside facilities. Instruments for conservation, scaling and endodontics, suction tips, matrix retainers and bands were nearly always sterilized. Handpieces, spray nozzles, amalgam carriers, impression trays and burs were often not sterilized. The practical difficulties of achieving ideal sterilization are considered.
GLENWRIGHT H. D. Cross--infection in dentistry with particular reference to oral surgery and periodontics, J. Dent. 8 (1980) 8--12. There is evidence that the dentist, his assistant and patients are at risk from aerosol and particulate matter created during prophylaxis and oral and periodontal surgical procedures. Methods of reducing these hazards are discussed.
M A C F A R L A N E T. W. Sterilization in general J. Dent. 8 (1980) 13--19.
dental
practice,
The prevention of cross infection during dental treatment is an important part o f practice management. The different methods of sterilization used in dental practice are compared and their suitability for rendering instruments safe f o r use assessed.
SIMS W. The problem of cross-infection in dental surgery with particular reference to serum hepatitis, J. Dent. 8 (1980) 2 0 - 2 6 . Prevention of spread of serum hepatitis in dentistry is.discussedI in relation both to the known carrier and the healthy carrier who is unaware of the presence of serum hepatitis in his blood. The strict technique
required to eliminate the causative organism from the environment and prevent its transmission from dentist to patient and vice versa is described.
M A C G R E G O R A. R., M I L L E R T. P. G. and F A R A H J. W. Stress analysis of mandibu lar partial dentures with bounded and free-end saddles, J. Dent. 8 (1980) 27--34. Three-dimensional photoelastic stress analysis has been used to examine the stresses on 6 different designs of removable partial dentures. Two o f the designs had bounded saddles, while 4 had bilateral free-end saddles. The significance of the findings is discussed.
L A M B D. J. Denture adhesives: a side effect, J. Dent. 8 (1980) 35--42. An in vitro experiment was performed to demonstrate whether a denture adhesive containing Karaya gum could decalcify dental enamel. Decalcification was estimated by means o f microindentation hardness tests. To enhance visibility the specimens examined were gold plated before the indentations were measured. Thedegree of decalcification was expressed as an 'equivalent zero-hardness layer'. Results showed that decalcification does occur and that the use of denture adhesives containing Karaya gum will probably worsen any predisposition to caries. The use of such materials should be discouraged f o r patients with any natural teeth.
B R A D E N M. (ed.) Dental materials: 1977 literature review Part II, J. Dent. 8 (1980) 43--67. This paper, which is presented in two parts, reviews the work on dental materials published in 1977. Included in Part I were sactions on amalgam, casting alloys, denture base polymers, composite filling materials, tissue conditioners and soft lining materials and fissure sealants. A review of the litera-
94 ture relating to impression materials, dental ceramics, model and die materials, cements, dental implants and dental biomechanics is presented in Part II. CRISP S., LEWIS B. G. and W I L S O N A. D. Characterization of glass--ionomer cements. 6. A study of erosion and water absorption in both neutral and acidic media, J. Dent. 8 (1980) 68-74. The erosion and water absorption of several glass--ionomer cements, a zinc polycarboxylate cement and a dental silicate cement were compared both in neutral and acid solution. The glass--ionomer cements showed the greatest initial water uptake, but this trend did not continue. Both soluble and in'soluble erosion products are formed and the proportion of each depends both on the nature of the cement and the test media. The glass-ionomer cements are least affected by acid solutions. JACOBSEN P. H. and CURSON I. Graduates' opinions of their training in conservative dentistry, J. Dent. 8 (1980) 75--80. The opinions of 219 graduates of King's College Hospital Dental School on their training in Conservative Dentistry have been collected and analysed. The significant findings are presented. The majority of the graduates are in general practice, have few higher qualifications and do not attend postgraduate courses. In their opinion, Conservative Dentistry, Prosthetics and
Journal of Dentistry, Vol. 8/No. 1 Periodontology are the most important subjects in the dental course and clinical experience was the most effective means by which to learn dentistry.
K I N G N. M. and R U L E D. C. Restoration of hypoplastic teeth -- a simplified acid etch technique, J. D e n t 8 (1980) 81--84.
Although the direct bonding of composite resins to hypoplastic teeth has been well documented, currently employed techniques often produce aesthetically disappointing results, as considerable expertise is necessary to ensure satisfactory gingival and interstitial contours. A short clinical procedure is reported which was developed and carried out using universally available materials. The method involves the preparation of acetate matrices on a stone model prior to acid etching in order to bond composite resin to the hypoplastic teeth. The case history presented illustrates the technique and permits a comparison of the aesthetic results produced by this and an alternative method.
D A Y A L P. K., MANI N. J. and V E R M A P.K. Talon cusp: a r e v i e w and case report, J. Dent. 8 (1980) 85--87. A case of bilateral talon cusp in maxillary lateral incisors, a relatively rare condition, is presented. The aetiology and clinical problems are discussed.