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Der Arzt: Seine Stellung und seine Aufgaben im Kulturleben der Gegenwart. Ein Leitfaden der Sozialen Medizin
1909.
PUBLIC
H.EALTH.
27
the book are those that advocate the claims of medical inspection, that explain the work of school hygiene within the school, and that discuss medical treatment. The chapters relating to the latter subject are admirable, and would alone justify the purchase of the book. In dealing with the organization of school hygiene Dr. H o g a r t h lays himself open to criticism. H e does not regard school hygiene as a branch of public health, and he thinks it should not be placed in the hands of the medical officer of health. H e appears imperfectly to realise the value of some modern developments of public health w o r k ; health visiting, for instance, he speaks of in somewhat slighting terms. The suggested scheme of organization of the central medical d e p a r t m e n t seems to us to be superfluous, and, in fact, the two chapters relating to organisation might with advantage have been omitted. Probably, however, Dr. H o g a r t h wished to lose no opportunity of urging his views on these questions, even at the cost of introducing a good deal of highly contentious matter into his book. W i t h these reservations, we have nothing but praise for the book, which forms a valuable contribution to the literature of the important question with which it deals.
forensic medicine, pathological anatomy and hygiene. The examination then spreads over about one year, the first six months being devoted to the preparation of two theses on specified subjects connected with forensic medicine and psychiatry and with public health. The theses are submitted to the Kultus-Ministerium, and, if satisfactory, are followed eventually by an examination which is mainly practical, and includes, among other items, the writing out of a medical opinion on an insane subject, and on an accident case, a histological and bacteriological examination, and a necropsy. In G e r m a n y many offices are occupied by parttime officials, an a r r a n g e m e n t which does not altogether meet with Dr. F 0 r s t ' s approval. Anyone wishing to acquaint himself with German medical etifics, or with the range of duties attached to the various medical offices, will find this a most illuminating and useful little book. It is published in ]3. G. Teubner's excellent series of monographs on scientific and social subjects, entitled " Aus N a t u r und Geisteswelt," is well printed, and is remarkably cheap.
DEE AEZT: SEINE STELLUNG UNI~ SEINE AUF-
to be deplored in the feeding'of m a n y of the school children is the absence of a proper mid-day meal. T h e y come to school, often from a considerable distance, with a mere makeshift, usually bread and butter. T h e r e is no place provided to store their meals, which are left lying in the porch or cloakroom exposed to the steam and emanations from clothes for several hours, and liable to get moist and sodden in wet weather. At one school the porch was used as a cloakroom ; it was unventilated, and the door had to be kept closed, as stray dogs wandered in and took the dinners. W h e r e it is unfortunately necessary for the children to bring their mid-day meals, some arrangements should be made for their s t o r a g e . - -
MEAL ACCOMMODATIONIN SCHOOLS.--One GABEN IM KULTURLEBEN DER GEGEN~VART. EIN LEITFADEN DER ~OZIALEN MEDIZlN.
By Dr. Moritz Ftirst in H a m b u r g . Leipzig : 13. G. Teubner. Pp. I42. Price i Mark. This small book contains an epitome of the scope of medical activities in Germany, and is written so lucidly and brightly that it is interesting reading even for those of a different walk in life. It is, in fact, written with the intention of clearing up for the educated lay public m a n y medical functions with regard to which popular ideas are apt to be vague, and of giving a short survey over all the many branches of a v e r y comprehensive and multifarious profession. T h o u g h each separate department that claims medical co-operation is only briefly dealt with, and the author confines himself to an abstraction of essentials, an excellent series of footnotes is appended wherein those who wish to study a particular department more thoroughly are referred to larger works on the subject. A short account of the G e r m a n medical training is given, and the various examinations are described. It is interesting to note that an aspirant for public health service m a y not present himself for the qualifying examination until he has been an " a p p r o v e d " or registered medical practitioner for at least two years. Much stress is further laid on a thorough training in psychiatry,
thing
Annual Re~ort of Dr. Sidney Barwisa, County Medical 02~¢er of Health, and School Medical O~ur, Derbyshire. EXCESSIVE CLOTHING OF SCHOOL CHILDREN.~
Many examples of excessive clothing were found, a condition in which the child's vitality is necessarily depressed by continuous and excessive perspiration: for example, one boy in an infant department was dressed in the following c l o t h e s : - Oxford shirt, red flannel shirt, blue jersey, thick waistcoat, blue cotton blouse, two pairs of trousers, stockings and boots, two scarves and a silk hand-
kerchieLMAnnual Re~bort of Dr. Ra@h P. Williams, School Medical Ol~iur, She~eld. C
PUBLIC
H.EALTH.
27
the book are those that advocate the claims of medical inspection, that explain the work of school hygiene within the school, and that discuss medical treatment. The chapters relating to the latter subject are admirable, and would alone justify the purchase of the book. In dealing with the organization of school hygiene Dr. H o g a r t h lays himself open to criticism. H e does not regard school hygiene as a branch of public health, and he thinks it should not be placed in the hands of the medical officer of health. H e appears imperfectly to realise the value of some modern developments of public health w o r k ; health visiting, for instance, he speaks of in somewhat slighting terms. The suggested scheme of organization of the central medical d e p a r t m e n t seems to us to be superfluous, and, in fact, the two chapters relating to organisation might with advantage have been omitted. Probably, however, Dr. H o g a r t h wished to lose no opportunity of urging his views on these questions, even at the cost of introducing a good deal of highly contentious matter into his book. W i t h these reservations, we have nothing but praise for the book, which forms a valuable contribution to the literature of the important question with which it deals.
forensic medicine, pathological anatomy and hygiene. The examination then spreads over about one year, the first six months being devoted to the preparation of two theses on specified subjects connected with forensic medicine and psychiatry and with public health. The theses are submitted to the Kultus-Ministerium, and, if satisfactory, are followed eventually by an examination which is mainly practical, and includes, among other items, the writing out of a medical opinion on an insane subject, and on an accident case, a histological and bacteriological examination, and a necropsy. In G e r m a n y many offices are occupied by parttime officials, an a r r a n g e m e n t which does not altogether meet with Dr. F 0 r s t ' s approval. Anyone wishing to acquaint himself with German medical etifics, or with the range of duties attached to the various medical offices, will find this a most illuminating and useful little book. It is published in ]3. G. Teubner's excellent series of monographs on scientific and social subjects, entitled " Aus N a t u r und Geisteswelt," is well printed, and is remarkably cheap.
DEE AEZT: SEINE STELLUNG UNI~ SEINE AUF-
to be deplored in the feeding'of m a n y of the school children is the absence of a proper mid-day meal. T h e y come to school, often from a considerable distance, with a mere makeshift, usually bread and butter. T h e r e is no place provided to store their meals, which are left lying in the porch or cloakroom exposed to the steam and emanations from clothes for several hours, and liable to get moist and sodden in wet weather. At one school the porch was used as a cloakroom ; it was unventilated, and the door had to be kept closed, as stray dogs wandered in and took the dinners. W h e r e it is unfortunately necessary for the children to bring their mid-day meals, some arrangements should be made for their s t o r a g e . - -
MEAL ACCOMMODATIONIN SCHOOLS.--One GABEN IM KULTURLEBEN DER GEGEN~VART. EIN LEITFADEN DER ~OZIALEN MEDIZlN.
By Dr. Moritz Ftirst in H a m b u r g . Leipzig : 13. G. Teubner. Pp. I42. Price i Mark. This small book contains an epitome of the scope of medical activities in Germany, and is written so lucidly and brightly that it is interesting reading even for those of a different walk in life. It is, in fact, written with the intention of clearing up for the educated lay public m a n y medical functions with regard to which popular ideas are apt to be vague, and of giving a short survey over all the many branches of a v e r y comprehensive and multifarious profession. T h o u g h each separate department that claims medical co-operation is only briefly dealt with, and the author confines himself to an abstraction of essentials, an excellent series of footnotes is appended wherein those who wish to study a particular department more thoroughly are referred to larger works on the subject. A short account of the G e r m a n medical training is given, and the various examinations are described. It is interesting to note that an aspirant for public health service m a y not present himself for the qualifying examination until he has been an " a p p r o v e d " or registered medical practitioner for at least two years. Much stress is further laid on a thorough training in psychiatry,
thing
Annual Re~ort of Dr. Sidney Barwisa, County Medical 02~¢er of Health, and School Medical O~ur, Derbyshire. EXCESSIVE CLOTHING OF SCHOOL CHILDREN.~
Many examples of excessive clothing were found, a condition in which the child's vitality is necessarily depressed by continuous and excessive perspiration: for example, one boy in an infant department was dressed in the following c l o t h e s : - Oxford shirt, red flannel shirt, blue jersey, thick waistcoat, blue cotton blouse, two pairs of trousers, stockings and boots, two scarves and a silk hand-
kerchieLMAnnual Re~bort of Dr. Ra@h P. Williams, School Medical Ol~iur, She~eld. C