- Email: [email protected]
Design engineering series-seals
D e s i g n e n g i n e e r i n g series--seals M o r g a n - G r a m p i a n (1969) 100 pp, £2 5s The d e s i g n of s e a l s f o r s t a t i c and d y n a m i c a p p l i c a t i o n s in the p a s t h a s b e e n m o r e of an a r t t h a n a s c i e n c e , with new d e s i g n s b e i n g c o n c e i v e d only when new p r o b l e m s w e r e e n c o u n t e r e d . Today s e a l i n g i s b e c o m i n g , of n e c e s s i t y , m o r e of a s c i e n c e than an a r t , with the f a c t o r s affecting s e a l life, s u c h as p r e s s u r e , t e m p e r a t u r e and speed, b e i n g e x t e n d e d beyond the r a n g e of c u r r e n t l y a v a i l a b l e m a t e r i a l s . T h i s t r e n d is shown c l e a r l y in the s p a c e p r o g r a m m e , s u p e r - s o n i c t r a n s p o r t s and can even be s e e n in the c o m m o n a u t o m o b i l e . T h i s D e s i g n E n g i n e e r i n g S e r i e s book on Seals c o v e r s m a n y a s p e c t s of the s e a l i n g world, giving many d e s i g n c r i t e r i a for a wide r a n g e of s e a l i n g s i t u a t i o n s . T h e r e a r e nine c h a p t e r s in all, e a c h c o v e r i n g the d e s i g n data for p a r t i c u l a r types of s e a l s r a n g i n g f r o m p i s t o n r i n g s to g a s k e t s . E a c h c h a p t e r h a s b e e n c o n t r i b u t e d by m e m b e r s of c o m p a n i e s well known for the p r o d u c t i o n of p a r t i c u l a r s e a l s . G e n e r a l l y , e a c h c h a p t e r will give the r e a d e r a b a s i c u n d e r s t a n d i n g of the type of s e a l c o v e r e d , the s e l e c t i o n of m a t e r i als, d e s i g n of h o u s i n g s , u s e and fitting of s e a l s and m a n y s m a l l f a c t s not n o r m a l l y r e a l i s e d by the e n g i n e e r u n f a m i l i a r with the u s e of s e a l s . A v e r y u s e f u l addition, above that given by o t h e r t e c h n i c a l books on fluid s e a l i n g is the P r o d u c t D i r e c t o r y . T h i s p r o v i d e s a quick m e t h o d of d i s c o v e r i n g which m a n u f a c t u r e s supply p a r t i c u l a r s e a l s , and could cut down e n o r m o u s l y the t i m e s p e n t s e a r c h i n g t h r o u g h c a t a l o g u e s . The s e c o n d p a r t of the s e c t i o n g i v e s the a d d r e s s e s and t e l e p h o n e n u m b e r s of all the m a n u f a c t u r e r s l i s t e d . An i m p r o v e m e n t in the a r r a n g e m e n t of the data a v a i l a b l e in t h i s book could p r o b a b l y have b e e n m a d e by including a c o m p l e t e c h a p t e r d e s c r i b i n g the v a r i o u s m a t e r i a l s a v a i l a b l e f o r p a r t i c u l a r s e a l s , allowing the a u t h o r s to c o n c e n t r a t e m o r e fully on the t e c h n i c a l a s p e c t s of s e a l d e s i g n . Although t h i s s e a l s guide will undoubtedly be v e r y useful to the e n g i n e e r and d e s i g n e r like, it i s i m p o r t a n t to r e a l i s e t h a t s e a l s a r e an i n t e g r a l p a r t of an e n g i n e e r i n g s t r u c t u r e , and will only o p e r a t e c o r r e c t l y when i n s t a l l a t i o n and a s s e m b l y have b e e n c o n s i d e r e d at an e a r l y s t a g e in the d e s i g n . W h e r e difficult s e a l i n g p r o b l e m s a r e e n c o u n t e r e d , c o l l a b o r a t i o n with the s e a l s m a n u f a c t u r e r s is e s s e n t i a l . G. J. F i e l d
Miscellaneous ASTM standards for petroleum products (9th edition) A m e r i c a n Society for T e s t i n g and M a t e r i a l s (1969) 990 pp, $18.00 About 200 ASTM s t a n d a r d s a r e given for m i s c e l l a n e o u s p e t r o leum products including industrial aromatic hydrocarbons, e l e c t r i c a l i n s u l a t i n g o i l s etc, e n g i n e a n t i f r e e z e , s p e c t r o s c o p y . T h e r e a r e 35 new, r e v i s e d and t e n t a t i v e s t a n d a r d s . T h i s p u b l i c a t i o n s u p p l e m e n t s A S T M ' s p a r t s 17 and 18 on p e t r o l e u m products.
Au introduction to tribology in i n d u s t r y D. S u m m e r s - S m i t h The M a c h i n e r y P u b l i s h i n g Company (1969) 128 pp, E1 10s Since the i n t r o d u c t i o n of the new word ' t r i b o l o g y ' s o m e four y e a r s ago t h e r e h a s c e r t a i n l y b e e n an i n c r e a s e d a w a r e n e s s of the i m p o r t a n c e of t h i s s u b j e c t to e n g i n e e r s at all l e v e l s . Although m a n y a c t i v i t i e s , s u c h a s c o u r s e s and c o n f e r e n c e s , have a s s i s t e d in t h i s p r o c e s s t h e r e i s no doubt t h a t the lack of sufficient books of the r i g h t s t a n d a r d and content have p r o v e d an i n h i b i t i n g f a c t o r . T h i s book m a k e s a s i g n i f i c a n t c o n t r i b u t i o n t o w a r d s filling t h i s gap. T h i s book will p r o v i d e the r e a d e r with a feel f o r the s u b j e c t a s a whole w h i l s t at the s a m e t i m e p r o v i d i n g m u c h useful 118
TRIBOLOGY May 1970
p r a c t i c a l i n f o r m a t i o n . The book is well w r i t t e n with an e c o n o m y of s t y l e which allows the a u t h o r to deal with m o s t of the s i g n i f i c a n t f e a t u r e s of the s u b j e c t within a s u r p r i s i n g l y s h o r t c o m p a s s . T h r o u g h o u t the e m p h a s i s is on p r o v i d i n g p h y s i c a l u n d e r s t a n d i n g and quantitative a r g u m e n t s a r e only u s e d w h e r e they e n h a n c e such a l m s . Thus although the book is g e n e r a l l y q u a l i t a t i v e r a t h e r than quantitative it does not fall into the t r a p of b e i n g s u p e r f i c i a l . The f i r s t p a r t of the book d e a l s with the f u n d a m e n t a l s of the s u b j e c t such as m e c h a n i s m s of f r i c t i o n and l u b r i c a t i o n and the types and p r o p e r t i e s of l u b r i c a n t s . The following c h a p t e r s then c o n s i d e r the p r a c t i c a l s i g n i f i c a n c e of s u c h knowledge in t o p i c s r e l a t e d to the t y p e s of b e a r i n g and t h e i r l u b r i c a t i o n , g e a r s , s e a l s , the s e l e c t i o n of b e a r i n g s and b e a r i n g m a t e r i a l s , l u b r i c a t i o n s y s t e m s etc. Throughout t h e s e c h a p t e r s useful p r a c t i c a l i n f o r m a t i o n i s p r e s e n t e d , m u c h of it the r e s u l t of the a u t h o r ' s own e x t e n s i v e e x p e r i e n c e as an i n d u s t r i a l t r i bological a d v i s o r . The topic of w e a r , c e r t a i n l y the m o s t expensive, and t h e r e f o r e significant, f e a t u r e of t r i b o l o g i c a l s i t u a t i o n s is d e a l t with in the final c h a p t e r . The a u t h o r a d m i t s the l e s s developed s t a t e of u n d e r s t a n d i n g in t h i s field but d e s c r i b e s the m o s t i m p o r t a n t m e c h a n i s m s of w e a r and shows that i n c r e a s e d h a r d n e s s is not the u n i v e r s a l p a n a c e a that we often i m a g i n e . On the whole t h i s is an e x c e l l e n t book for i t s p u r p o s e and should be e x t e n s i v e l y u s e d by e n g i n e e r i n g d e s i g n e r s and o t h e r s s e e k i n g a lucid r e a d y r e f e r e n c e to the m o s t i m p o r t a n t t r i b o l o g i c a l p r i n c p i l e s and a p p l i c a t i o n s . It is a book worthy of a m o r e w e a r r e s i s t a n t binding than the linen c o v e r provided. J. Hailing
E n ~ n e e r i n g d e s i g n p r o b l e m s a n d their soluti¢ms S. W. J o n e s Iliffe B o o k s (1969) 106 pp, £ 1 10s D e s i g n p r o j e c t s a r e u s e d to f a m i l l a r i s e the young d e s i g n e n g i n e e r f r e s h f r o m a n a c a d e m i c e n v i r o n m e n t with p r a c t i c a l p r o b l e m s . T h e f i r s t eight p r o j e c t s a r e chiefly c o n c e r n e d with p o w e r t r a n s m i s s i o n while the l a s t e l e v e n a r e m o r e s p e c i a l i s e d . T h e y include such t r i b o l o g i c a l p r o b l e m s as; j o u r n a l and r o i l i n g b e a r i n g s f o r a pulley c o u n t e r s h a f t , and mechanical brakes.
Theory and practice ~ lubrication systems Alexandru Nica P u b l i s h i n g House of the R u m a n i a n A c a d e m y and Scientific P u b l i c a t i o n s (1969) 245 pp, £3 5s T h i s book was w r i t t e n f o r the e n g i n e e r who o c c a s i o n a l l y n e e d s to i n f o r m h i m s e l f of the t r i b o l o g i s t ' s a r t ; f o r the d e s i g n e r who n e e d s a b r o a d t r e a t m e n t of lubrication systems; for the t r i b o l o g i s t who n e e d s a c o n v e n i e n t r e f e r e n c e book. It was not w r i t t e n f o r the g e n e r a l i t y of s t u d e n t s in m e c h a n i c a l e n g i n e e r i n g , but will p r o v e to be a m o s t useful tool f o r t h o s e with an e s p e c i a l i n t e r e s t in t r i b o l o g y . The t h e o r y c o v e r e d in t h i s volume i s not u n n e c e s s a r i l y t o r tuous and will not d e t e r t h o s e e n g i n e e r s with a few d e c a d e s of p r a c t i c a l e x p e r i e n c e b e h i n d t h e m . The description of p r a c t i c a l s y s t e m s i s well laid out and w r i t t e n in a p l e a s a n t and r e a d a b l e s t y l e . The book h a s been e x c e l l e n t l y t r a n s l a t e d s o a s to l e a v e no t r a c e of its f o r e i g n o r i g i n in the text. The work does, in fact, c o v e r the s u b s t a n c e and m a t e r i a l d e s c r i b e d by the title. Had the c o v e r a g e b e e n m o r e e x h a u s t i v e , the book would h a v e b e e n l e s s r e a d a b l e and, no doubt, m o r e e x p e n s i v e . In any event, each chapter is t e r m i n a t e d by a s c o m p r e h e n s i v e a l i s t of r e f e r e n c e s a s the r e a d e r i s e v e r likely to need. Most of the references relate to p a p e r s p u b l i s h e d in the text which are r e a d i l y a v a i l a b l e . At the same t i m e , the r e a d e r i s k e p t in touch with the r a t h e r d i f f e r e n t p o i n t s of view of E a s t e r n E u r o p e and R u s s i a .
Miscellaneous ASTM standards for petroleum products (9th edition) A m e r i c a n Society for T e s t i n g and M a t e r i a l s (1969) 990 pp, $18.00 About 200 ASTM s t a n d a r d s a r e given for m i s c e l l a n e o u s p e t r o leum products including industrial aromatic hydrocarbons, e l e c t r i c a l i n s u l a t i n g o i l s etc, e n g i n e a n t i f r e e z e , s p e c t r o s c o p y . T h e r e a r e 35 new, r e v i s e d and t e n t a t i v e s t a n d a r d s . T h i s p u b l i c a t i o n s u p p l e m e n t s A S T M ' s p a r t s 17 and 18 on p e t r o l e u m products.
Au introduction to tribology in i n d u s t r y D. S u m m e r s - S m i t h The M a c h i n e r y P u b l i s h i n g Company (1969) 128 pp, E1 10s Since the i n t r o d u c t i o n of the new word ' t r i b o l o g y ' s o m e four y e a r s ago t h e r e h a s c e r t a i n l y b e e n an i n c r e a s e d a w a r e n e s s of the i m p o r t a n c e of t h i s s u b j e c t to e n g i n e e r s at all l e v e l s . Although m a n y a c t i v i t i e s , s u c h a s c o u r s e s and c o n f e r e n c e s , have a s s i s t e d in t h i s p r o c e s s t h e r e i s no doubt t h a t the lack of sufficient books of the r i g h t s t a n d a r d and content have p r o v e d an i n h i b i t i n g f a c t o r . T h i s book m a k e s a s i g n i f i c a n t c o n t r i b u t i o n t o w a r d s filling t h i s gap. T h i s book will p r o v i d e the r e a d e r with a feel f o r the s u b j e c t a s a whole w h i l s t at the s a m e t i m e p r o v i d i n g m u c h useful 118
TRIBOLOGY May 1970
p r a c t i c a l i n f o r m a t i o n . The book is well w r i t t e n with an e c o n o m y of s t y l e which allows the a u t h o r to deal with m o s t of the s i g n i f i c a n t f e a t u r e s of the s u b j e c t within a s u r p r i s i n g l y s h o r t c o m p a s s . T h r o u g h o u t the e m p h a s i s is on p r o v i d i n g p h y s i c a l u n d e r s t a n d i n g and quantitative a r g u m e n t s a r e only u s e d w h e r e they e n h a n c e such a l m s . Thus although the book is g e n e r a l l y q u a l i t a t i v e r a t h e r than quantitative it does not fall into the t r a p of b e i n g s u p e r f i c i a l . The f i r s t p a r t of the book d e a l s with the f u n d a m e n t a l s of the s u b j e c t such as m e c h a n i s m s of f r i c t i o n and l u b r i c a t i o n and the types and p r o p e r t i e s of l u b r i c a n t s . The following c h a p t e r s then c o n s i d e r the p r a c t i c a l s i g n i f i c a n c e of s u c h knowledge in t o p i c s r e l a t e d to the t y p e s of b e a r i n g and t h e i r l u b r i c a t i o n , g e a r s , s e a l s , the s e l e c t i o n of b e a r i n g s and b e a r i n g m a t e r i a l s , l u b r i c a t i o n s y s t e m s etc. Throughout t h e s e c h a p t e r s useful p r a c t i c a l i n f o r m a t i o n i s p r e s e n t e d , m u c h of it the r e s u l t of the a u t h o r ' s own e x t e n s i v e e x p e r i e n c e as an i n d u s t r i a l t r i bological a d v i s o r . The topic of w e a r , c e r t a i n l y the m o s t expensive, and t h e r e f o r e significant, f e a t u r e of t r i b o l o g i c a l s i t u a t i o n s is d e a l t with in the final c h a p t e r . The a u t h o r a d m i t s the l e s s developed s t a t e of u n d e r s t a n d i n g in t h i s field but d e s c r i b e s the m o s t i m p o r t a n t m e c h a n i s m s of w e a r and shows that i n c r e a s e d h a r d n e s s is not the u n i v e r s a l p a n a c e a that we often i m a g i n e . On the whole t h i s is an e x c e l l e n t book for i t s p u r p o s e and should be e x t e n s i v e l y u s e d by e n g i n e e r i n g d e s i g n e r s and o t h e r s s e e k i n g a lucid r e a d y r e f e r e n c e to the m o s t i m p o r t a n t t r i b o l o g i c a l p r i n c p i l e s and a p p l i c a t i o n s . It is a book worthy of a m o r e w e a r r e s i s t a n t binding than the linen c o v e r provided. J. Hailing
E n ~ n e e r i n g d e s i g n p r o b l e m s a n d their soluti¢ms S. W. J o n e s Iliffe B o o k s (1969) 106 pp, £ 1 10s D e s i g n p r o j e c t s a r e u s e d to f a m i l l a r i s e the young d e s i g n e n g i n e e r f r e s h f r o m a n a c a d e m i c e n v i r o n m e n t with p r a c t i c a l p r o b l e m s . T h e f i r s t eight p r o j e c t s a r e chiefly c o n c e r n e d with p o w e r t r a n s m i s s i o n while the l a s t e l e v e n a r e m o r e s p e c i a l i s e d . T h e y include such t r i b o l o g i c a l p r o b l e m s as; j o u r n a l and r o i l i n g b e a r i n g s f o r a pulley c o u n t e r s h a f t , and mechanical brakes.
Theory and practice ~ lubrication systems Alexandru Nica P u b l i s h i n g House of the R u m a n i a n A c a d e m y and Scientific P u b l i c a t i o n s (1969) 245 pp, £3 5s T h i s book was w r i t t e n f o r the e n g i n e e r who o c c a s i o n a l l y n e e d s to i n f o r m h i m s e l f of the t r i b o l o g i s t ' s a r t ; f o r the d e s i g n e r who n e e d s a b r o a d t r e a t m e n t of lubrication systems; for the t r i b o l o g i s t who n e e d s a c o n v e n i e n t r e f e r e n c e book. It was not w r i t t e n f o r the g e n e r a l i t y of s t u d e n t s in m e c h a n i c a l e n g i n e e r i n g , but will p r o v e to be a m o s t useful tool f o r t h o s e with an e s p e c i a l i n t e r e s t in t r i b o l o g y . The t h e o r y c o v e r e d in t h i s volume i s not u n n e c e s s a r i l y t o r tuous and will not d e t e r t h o s e e n g i n e e r s with a few d e c a d e s of p r a c t i c a l e x p e r i e n c e b e h i n d t h e m . The description of p r a c t i c a l s y s t e m s i s well laid out and w r i t t e n in a p l e a s a n t and r e a d a b l e s t y l e . The book h a s been e x c e l l e n t l y t r a n s l a t e d s o a s to l e a v e no t r a c e of its f o r e i g n o r i g i n in the text. The work does, in fact, c o v e r the s u b s t a n c e and m a t e r i a l d e s c r i b e d by the title. Had the c o v e r a g e b e e n m o r e e x h a u s t i v e , the book would h a v e b e e n l e s s r e a d a b l e and, no doubt, m o r e e x p e n s i v e . In any event, each chapter is t e r m i n a t e d by a s c o m p r e h e n s i v e a l i s t of r e f e r e n c e s a s the r e a d e r i s e v e r likely to need. Most of the references relate to p a p e r s p u b l i s h e d in the text which are r e a d i l y a v a i l a b l e . At the same t i m e , the r e a d e r i s k e p t in touch with the r a t h e r d i f f e r e n t p o i n t s of view of E a s t e r n E u r o p e and R u s s i a .