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Design of the work-site and work-means.
3.3.316(58489) Gorshkov, S.I., Kokhanova, N.A. and Mal 'Tsova, O.M. Some aspects of ergonomics in the textile irtdustry (In Russian)
A practical and comprehensive reference book of present day office design containing all details from the layout of an office to its complete furnishing.
Tekstil'naya Promyshlennost, 1970, 30.8, 8-12; abstr, in World Textile Abstracts
3.3.319(59501)
Practical aspects of machine design and location to ensure maximum efficiency of manual operations are discussed. Protection of workers against the harmful effects of noise, vibration, dust, and high temperatures is mentioned, and, in connection with noise, noise levels of ~huttle (AT- 100-5 M), pneumaticrapier (ATPR- 120), microshuttle ~STB-2-330), and shuttleless (P-105) looms are compared, and the replacement of steel components by plastic, nylon, or Tekstolit components nents and the use of sound-insulating facings to walls are discussed. The stance of an operative during a manual operation is then considered, with examples taken from doffing on the cotton-and wool-spinning systems and piecing of yarns on a loom and their effects on muscular and nervous strain. Ideally the operative's position should be such that the body axis coincides with the axis of the working zone and the forward inclination does not exceed 10 to 15. Some figures for the comfortable reach of hands and feet are also given, and the importance of smooth rhythmic cycles of operation is stressed. A frequency of repetition of operations of 180 per hour is regarded as a maximum if monotony, slowing down of the central nervous system, and loss of efficiency are to be avoided. The article concludes with a short section devoted to aesthetic aspects of the design and decoration of the place of work.
Trognitz, V. and Wegner, W.
definitions. Nov. 1969, 371 pp.; abstr. in S. cientific and Technical Aerospace
Reports [Report No. N71-25943). Formulas, homographs, metrics, conversion tables, symbols, definitions, and abbreviations and acronyms are presented that may be requked at some time during the project activities of typical human engineering specialists.
The role o f ergonomics in automation (Physiologische Arbeitsgestaltung beim Einsatz Automatisieter Arbeitsmittel). (In German.) Verlag Technik, 1969, 84pp 3 . 3 . 3 2 3 ( 5 9 5 0 7 ) 84pp.; abstr, in Occupational Safety Clark, B.A.J. and Health Abstracts. Vision loss from windshield tinting in a night visual flying accident. Aerospace Medichze, Feb. 1971, 42/2, 1 9 0 - 1 9 5 . The following ergonomic aspects of automated production are dealt with: A light aircraft with a tinted windcorrect layout of automated equipment sldeld crashed into a mountain in clear and workplaces; rational working conditions on a moonless night. The procedures; organisation of workbreaks; pilot's visual capability within the last control of environmental conditions few minutes of flight is investigated by (noise, lighting microclimate); organisreference to published visual performance ation of work with particular regard to and sky luminance data, coupled with occupational safety and health. p h o t o m e t r i c measurements and visual and photographic observations of the 3.3.320(59502) crash site and of tile cabin of a similar Lippert, S. aircraft. It is concluded that cabin Travel in nursing units. Human Factors, Jun. 1971, 13/3,269-282. lighting could have affected the pilot's vision. A method of comparing the efficiency of hospital ward layouts in terms of nurses' travel is described. Comparisons of several floor plans are made. Travel that depends solely on physical layout 3.3.324(58503) and travel that is related to typical Wahl, F. patterns of work can be identified. The Colour at the workplace (In German) method is useful to the behavioural Arbeitschutz A ktuell Interessant, scientist in making nursing unit studies 1969, ! 5, 47 pp; abstr, in Occupational in which equating travel or accounting Safety and Health Abstracts for differences in travel are desired; to An introduction deals with tile the industrial engineer and the architect nature and properties of colour, their in preventing needless travel; and to effects on man as rcgards feelings of nursing management in showing the warmth or coldness, division into value of planned tours in reducing light and dark, active and passive travel. effects, preferred colours and colour combinations. The correct use of 3.3.321 (59505) colours and other occupational Kubokawa, W., Woodson, W. and hygiene factors are of importance Selby, P. (eds). in the arrangement of workplaces; 3.3.317 (59497) Databook for human factors engineers, choice of colour has a marked Kaminsky, G. and Pilz, H.E. Volume 1 : lluman engineering data. Nov. effect on workplace atmosphere. Design of the work-site and work-means. ! 969, 260 pp.; abstr, in Scientific and Tile colours of machines should (4th Impression)'(Gestalung von Arbeits- Technical Aerospace Reports (Report be such as to make them stand out platz und Arbeitsmittel). (In German.) No. N71-25944). from their background. Safety Beuth- Vertrieb, Berlin/KOln/Frankfurt, colours and their effects are 1970, 61 pp.; abstr, in 1CSID Design Typical human engineering data usediscussed in some detail. Apart from Bibliography. ful in determining optimum design their symbolic value, identification characteristics of equipment operated colours can replace numbers and This work is aimed at helping the or maintained by human operators and/ words. Effects of lighting are also design engineer as well as the industrial or maintenance personnel are presented. discussed. engineer preparing the job and the A n t h r o p o m e t r y and equipment design operator. The brochure includes are discussed as well as environmental 3.3.325 (59518) numerous tables and drawings. conditions, and metabolic and behavioural Croghan, D. and llawkes, D. factors. Technical study: Daylighting in dwellings. Architects'Journal, 3.3.318(59499) 1970, 152/38, 7 2 7 - 7 5 3 ; a b s t r . in Pile, J. (ed) 3.3.322(59506) Lighting Research and Tech nology. Interiors. Second book of offices. Kubokawa, C., Woodson, W. and Whitney Library of Design, New York, Seiby, P. (eds.). A simple method for determining 1969, IX, 274pp; abstr, in ICSID Design Databook for human factors engineers. spacing of terraces of low-rise dwellings Bib liograp by. Volume 2: Common formulas, Metrics,
Illumination
Applied Ergonomics September 1972
177
A practical and comprehensive reference book of present day office design containing all details from the layout of an office to its complete furnishing.
Tekstil'naya Promyshlennost, 1970, 30.8, 8-12; abstr, in World Textile Abstracts
3.3.319(59501)
Practical aspects of machine design and location to ensure maximum efficiency of manual operations are discussed. Protection of workers against the harmful effects of noise, vibration, dust, and high temperatures is mentioned, and, in connection with noise, noise levels of ~huttle (AT- 100-5 M), pneumaticrapier (ATPR- 120), microshuttle ~STB-2-330), and shuttleless (P-105) looms are compared, and the replacement of steel components by plastic, nylon, or Tekstolit components nents and the use of sound-insulating facings to walls are discussed. The stance of an operative during a manual operation is then considered, with examples taken from doffing on the cotton-and wool-spinning systems and piecing of yarns on a loom and their effects on muscular and nervous strain. Ideally the operative's position should be such that the body axis coincides with the axis of the working zone and the forward inclination does not exceed 10 to 15. Some figures for the comfortable reach of hands and feet are also given, and the importance of smooth rhythmic cycles of operation is stressed. A frequency of repetition of operations of 180 per hour is regarded as a maximum if monotony, slowing down of the central nervous system, and loss of efficiency are to be avoided. The article concludes with a short section devoted to aesthetic aspects of the design and decoration of the place of work.
Trognitz, V. and Wegner, W.
definitions. Nov. 1969, 371 pp.; abstr. in S. cientific and Technical Aerospace
Reports [Report No. N71-25943). Formulas, homographs, metrics, conversion tables, symbols, definitions, and abbreviations and acronyms are presented that may be requked at some time during the project activities of typical human engineering specialists.
The role o f ergonomics in automation (Physiologische Arbeitsgestaltung beim Einsatz Automatisieter Arbeitsmittel). (In German.) Verlag Technik, 1969, 84pp 3 . 3 . 3 2 3 ( 5 9 5 0 7 ) 84pp.; abstr, in Occupational Safety Clark, B.A.J. and Health Abstracts. Vision loss from windshield tinting in a night visual flying accident. Aerospace Medichze, Feb. 1971, 42/2, 1 9 0 - 1 9 5 . The following ergonomic aspects of automated production are dealt with: A light aircraft with a tinted windcorrect layout of automated equipment sldeld crashed into a mountain in clear and workplaces; rational working conditions on a moonless night. The procedures; organisation of workbreaks; pilot's visual capability within the last control of environmental conditions few minutes of flight is investigated by (noise, lighting microclimate); organisreference to published visual performance ation of work with particular regard to and sky luminance data, coupled with occupational safety and health. p h o t o m e t r i c measurements and visual and photographic observations of the 3.3.320(59502) crash site and of tile cabin of a similar Lippert, S. aircraft. It is concluded that cabin Travel in nursing units. Human Factors, Jun. 1971, 13/3,269-282. lighting could have affected the pilot's vision. A method of comparing the efficiency of hospital ward layouts in terms of nurses' travel is described. Comparisons of several floor plans are made. Travel that depends solely on physical layout 3.3.324(58503) and travel that is related to typical Wahl, F. patterns of work can be identified. The Colour at the workplace (In German) method is useful to the behavioural Arbeitschutz A ktuell Interessant, scientist in making nursing unit studies 1969, ! 5, 47 pp; abstr, in Occupational in which equating travel or accounting Safety and Health Abstracts for differences in travel are desired; to An introduction deals with tile the industrial engineer and the architect nature and properties of colour, their in preventing needless travel; and to effects on man as rcgards feelings of nursing management in showing the warmth or coldness, division into value of planned tours in reducing light and dark, active and passive travel. effects, preferred colours and colour combinations. The correct use of 3.3.321 (59505) colours and other occupational Kubokawa, W., Woodson, W. and hygiene factors are of importance Selby, P. (eds). in the arrangement of workplaces; 3.3.317 (59497) Databook for human factors engineers, choice of colour has a marked Kaminsky, G. and Pilz, H.E. Volume 1 : lluman engineering data. Nov. effect on workplace atmosphere. Design of the work-site and work-means. ! 969, 260 pp.; abstr, in Scientific and Tile colours of machines should (4th Impression)'(Gestalung von Arbeits- Technical Aerospace Reports (Report be such as to make them stand out platz und Arbeitsmittel). (In German.) No. N71-25944). from their background. Safety Beuth- Vertrieb, Berlin/KOln/Frankfurt, colours and their effects are 1970, 61 pp.; abstr, in 1CSID Design Typical human engineering data usediscussed in some detail. Apart from Bibliography. ful in determining optimum design their symbolic value, identification characteristics of equipment operated colours can replace numbers and This work is aimed at helping the or maintained by human operators and/ words. Effects of lighting are also design engineer as well as the industrial or maintenance personnel are presented. discussed. engineer preparing the job and the A n t h r o p o m e t r y and equipment design operator. The brochure includes are discussed as well as environmental 3.3.325 (59518) numerous tables and drawings. conditions, and metabolic and behavioural Croghan, D. and llawkes, D. factors. Technical study: Daylighting in dwellings. Architects'Journal, 3.3.318(59499) 1970, 152/38, 7 2 7 - 7 5 3 ; a b s t r . in Pile, J. (ed) 3.3.322(59506) Lighting Research and Tech nology. Interiors. Second book of offices. Kubokawa, C., Woodson, W. and Whitney Library of Design, New York, Seiby, P. (eds.). A simple method for determining 1969, IX, 274pp; abstr, in ICSID Design Databook for human factors engineers. spacing of terraces of low-rise dwellings Bib liograp by. Volume 2: Common formulas, Metrics,
Illumination
Applied Ergonomics September 1972
177