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Designing and excavating underground powerplants
II2A
Strata mechanics have been studied by mordtering and observing undergrour~l mines, and by means of digital and physical models. On the basis of these integrated investigations three principal phenomena have been evaluated: (I) Coal strata are displaced by roof movement along planes of stratification and differential shearing of coal pillars, and floor strata mainly by heave deformations. (2) Within sub-level structures are stress-concentratlon zones, stress-relaxed zones with pushes of abutment stress of mere than 50m, amd the influence of mining stresses for 150-30Om. (3) Bed separation and saggir~, and strata breaks, are caused by eavimg of the immediate roof by block rotation, and the main roof by block crushing.
825111 INVESTIGATIONS FOR NORWAY'S LONGEST UNLINED PRESSURE SHAF2 Bergh-Christensen, J; KJolberg, R Int Water Power Dam Constr, VB~, N~, April 1982,
P31-35 Describes site geology and design investigations for a l130m long unlined pressure shaft with a static head of approximately 1000m in an irregular granite-gneiss mass. Investigations included geological mapping anl sampling, laboratc~'y testing of rock samples, evaluation of the feasibility of full face b~ring of the shaft, total stress analysis by plane strain finite element
analysis. 825112 HUNGARY TURNS TO COAL Crockett, R N Min Mag, May 1982, F358-361 Discusses the coal resources of Hungary which are concentrated in 3 areas: the Mecsek region, around Tatabar~fa and Oroszlamy. The geological problems encountered in these areas are briefly described. 825113 PERSEVERANCE MINE - A PROSPECTING CASE HISTORY Rugman, G M Min Mag, M~y 1982, P381-391 Presents a case history for the exploitation of the Perseverence nickel-copper deposit in ZimBabwe, including site investigation.
Tunnels 82511~ ALTERNATIVE TUNNELLING MEI~OD FOR RELIEF SEWER Civ Engng, London, Feb 1982, P18
Describes the use of a tunrelling machine for the 6.7km long, 3.5m diameter Wolla water tunnel in Esrnten, Austria, through alpine gneiss amd mica schists. Advance rates of 32.7~day are being obtained.
825117 TUNNkW.TING AND OUTFALL ENGINEERING. SPECIAL FEATURE Water Services, V85, NI028, Oct 1981, P507-523 Includes a personal review of the current state of the British tunnelling industry by A F Moss~ a description of Earth Hog (segmental hood shield) system for mixed face conditions, the use of the Mini Turmel f ~ sewers in West Germ~x~, installation of a steel outfall in a trench at Ancharsholme, UK, sawer lining at Manchester~ UK, anl a lomg distance driving method for ductile cast iron pipe. 825118 PRESSURE ON TUNNELS AND 'GENETICAL INPUT' ON THE ROCK (IN ITALIAN) Macchl, A Gallerie Grandi Ol~re SotteTranee, V6, Nil, Dec 1980, Pll-33 A ntm~er of traumatic events such as ehutes~ caving in or Ioosenir~, which have occurred in several turmels built in rock are analysed. According to the 'genetical in!mAt' theory (which gives exact definitions of 'thrusting' and 'loading' rocks) stresses are strictly connected with the 'local input' of the mountain governing the extent ard direction of thrusts~ deformations and stresses. From the theory some principles for use in the planning of the preliming, bolting and final lining of tunnels are derived. T U N ~ L OF W ~ C A D R E AQU~U~ 825119 C A T ~ m ~ (SOUTHERN ITALY): BORING FULL SECTION TUNNELER (IN ~ A L ~ ) Faitelli, M Gallerie Grandi Opere Sott2rranee~ V6, Nll, Dee
1980, P37-45 Presents a case study for the boring of the catchment tunnel in 3 sections. The site is characterised by limestone and marl limestone ground. Production on the second section dropped due to difficult ground conditions: water present in a section of clayey ground and a cut crossing filled with lacustrine- sarzly-clayey corglomerates.
Power plants See also: 825142
Describes the use of the Unltunnel system to drive a relief sewer in Aeton, London, UK.
825i15 TLrNNk~.Lk"RS OVERCO4E DIFFICULT GEOLOGY IN GUATEMALA Int Water Power" Dam Constr, V34, I~, April 1982, P38 A brief report of the Pueblo VieJo-Quixal hydroelectric project with a 26kin pressure tunnel through karst (excavated with turmel boring machines) and a 130m high rock fill dam. 825116 TUNNELLING ~CHINE SAVEs TIME AND MONEY Int Water Po~er Dam Constr, VB3, NI2, Dec 1981, P47-49
825120 DESIGNING AND EXCAVATING UNDERGROUND POWERPLANTS Broch, E Int Water Power Dam Constr, V34, N~, April 1982, P19-25 Reviews Norwegian experience in undergroumd powerplant construction, discussing tunnelling techniques, geology and topogral~y, general layout, design stages, location of the plant, orientation of the long axis of the powerhouse, shape of underground openings, dimensioning of underground openings, unlined shafts and tunnels. 825121 GE(~,[ECHANICAL PARAMETERS FOR THE ~IK/DY OF LARGE EXCAVATION WO~Xs A ~ T~mIR PROCESSIm BY C ~ ¢ , r m
Caiml, W; Mcro, T Gallerie Grandi Opere Sotterraree, V6, Nll, Dee 1980, P49-56
Strata mechanics have been studied by mordtering and observing undergrour~l mines, and by means of digital and physical models. On the basis of these integrated investigations three principal phenomena have been evaluated: (I) Coal strata are displaced by roof movement along planes of stratification and differential shearing of coal pillars, and floor strata mainly by heave deformations. (2) Within sub-level structures are stress-concentratlon zones, stress-relaxed zones with pushes of abutment stress of mere than 50m, amd the influence of mining stresses for 150-30Om. (3) Bed separation and saggir~, and strata breaks, are caused by eavimg of the immediate roof by block rotation, and the main roof by block crushing.
825111 INVESTIGATIONS FOR NORWAY'S LONGEST UNLINED PRESSURE SHAF2 Bergh-Christensen, J; KJolberg, R Int Water Power Dam Constr, VB~, N~, April 1982,
P31-35 Describes site geology and design investigations for a l130m long unlined pressure shaft with a static head of approximately 1000m in an irregular granite-gneiss mass. Investigations included geological mapping anl sampling, laboratc~'y testing of rock samples, evaluation of the feasibility of full face b~ring of the shaft, total stress analysis by plane strain finite element
analysis. 825112 HUNGARY TURNS TO COAL Crockett, R N Min Mag, May 1982, F358-361 Discusses the coal resources of Hungary which are concentrated in 3 areas: the Mecsek region, around Tatabar~fa and Oroszlamy. The geological problems encountered in these areas are briefly described. 825113 PERSEVERANCE MINE - A PROSPECTING CASE HISTORY Rugman, G M Min Mag, M~y 1982, P381-391 Presents a case history for the exploitation of the Perseverence nickel-copper deposit in ZimBabwe, including site investigation.
Tunnels 82511~ ALTERNATIVE TUNNELLING MEI~OD FOR RELIEF SEWER Civ Engng, London, Feb 1982, P18
Describes the use of a tunrelling machine for the 6.7km long, 3.5m diameter Wolla water tunnel in Esrnten, Austria, through alpine gneiss amd mica schists. Advance rates of 32.7~day are being obtained.
825117 TUNNkW.TING AND OUTFALL ENGINEERING. SPECIAL FEATURE Water Services, V85, NI028, Oct 1981, P507-523 Includes a personal review of the current state of the British tunnelling industry by A F Moss~ a description of Earth Hog (segmental hood shield) system for mixed face conditions, the use of the Mini Turmel f ~ sewers in West Germ~x~, installation of a steel outfall in a trench at Ancharsholme, UK, sawer lining at Manchester~ UK, anl a lomg distance driving method for ductile cast iron pipe. 825118 PRESSURE ON TUNNELS AND 'GENETICAL INPUT' ON THE ROCK (IN ITALIAN) Macchl, A Gallerie Grandi Ol~re SotteTranee, V6, Nil, Dec 1980, Pll-33 A ntm~er of traumatic events such as ehutes~ caving in or Ioosenir~, which have occurred in several turmels built in rock are analysed. According to the 'genetical in!mAt' theory (which gives exact definitions of 'thrusting' and 'loading' rocks) stresses are strictly connected with the 'local input' of the mountain governing the extent ard direction of thrusts~ deformations and stresses. From the theory some principles for use in the planning of the preliming, bolting and final lining of tunnels are derived. T U N ~ L OF W ~ C A D R E AQU~U~ 825119 C A T ~ m ~ (SOUTHERN ITALY): BORING FULL SECTION TUNNELER (IN ~ A L ~ ) Faitelli, M Gallerie Grandi Opere Sott2rranee~ V6, Nll, Dee
1980, P37-45 Presents a case study for the boring of the catchment tunnel in 3 sections. The site is characterised by limestone and marl limestone ground. Production on the second section dropped due to difficult ground conditions: water present in a section of clayey ground and a cut crossing filled with lacustrine- sarzly-clayey corglomerates.
Power plants See also: 825142
Describes the use of the Unltunnel system to drive a relief sewer in Aeton, London, UK.
825i15 TLrNNk~.Lk"RS OVERCO4E DIFFICULT GEOLOGY IN GUATEMALA Int Water Power" Dam Constr, V34, I~, April 1982, P38 A brief report of the Pueblo VieJo-Quixal hydroelectric project with a 26kin pressure tunnel through karst (excavated with turmel boring machines) and a 130m high rock fill dam. 825116 TUNNELLING ~CHINE SAVEs TIME AND MONEY Int Water Po~er Dam Constr, VB3, NI2, Dec 1981, P47-49
825120 DESIGNING AND EXCAVATING UNDERGROUND POWERPLANTS Broch, E Int Water Power Dam Constr, V34, N~, April 1982, P19-25 Reviews Norwegian experience in undergroumd powerplant construction, discussing tunnelling techniques, geology and topogral~y, general layout, design stages, location of the plant, orientation of the long axis of the powerhouse, shape of underground openings, dimensioning of underground openings, unlined shafts and tunnels. 825121 GE(~,[ECHANICAL PARAMETERS FOR THE ~IK/DY OF LARGE EXCAVATION WO~Xs A ~ T~mIR PROCESSIm BY C ~ ¢ , r m
Caiml, W; Mcro, T Gallerie Grandi Opere Sotterraree, V6, Nll, Dee 1980, P49-56