- Email: [email protected]
Diet quality and cognitive function in older Australian men and women
Abstracts / Journal of Nutrition & Intermediary Metabolism 8 (2017) 60e121
which relies on waist circumference but free from weight, height, BMI to predict mortality. There is no study on relationship between BSI, sarcopenia and nutrition status among elderly. Aim of this preliminary work is to define association between BSI, sarcopenia and nutrition status in a small elderly population without cognitive impairment. Methods: In this single centred and observational study patients were age equal to or greater than 65 years underwent comprehensive geriatric assessment tests. After comprehensive geriatric assessment patients who defined as cognitively normal were underwent assessment. Demographic futures, standardized comprehensive geriatric assessments Results, hand grip strength, 5 meter walking speed and skeletal muscle mass (SMM), skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) and anthropometric measurements which were weight, height waist circumference and hip circumference were recorded. Results: Sixty one patients fulfilled inclusion criteria and underwent assessment. Mean age were 76.11 ± 7.10 years, 60.7% were woman, 18% were sarcopenic, 11.5% were presarcopenic and 18% were at malnutrition risk. BSI was significantly positive correlated with SMM (r ¼ 0.875), SMI (r ¼ 0.521), muscle power (r ¼ 0.671) and MNA-sf score (r ¼ 0.521) while BMI was only significantly correlated with SMI (r ¼ 0.601), all p < 0.01. Conclusions: Results of current work indicated that BSI appeared to be good alternative to BMI on predicting body composition and nutrition status in elderly. Further studies including patients with dementia are warranted to define clinical usefulness of BSI. Funding source(s): N/A P76 ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SODIUM TO POTASSIUM RATIO AND BLOOD PRESSURE IN ADULTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS R. Hapsari, K.E. Charlton, L. Tapsell, E. Neale, R.N. Ndanuko. School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia E-mail address: [email protected] (R. Hapsari). Background/Aims: Both sodium and potassium affect the blood pressure regulation. Evidence shows that excessive intake of sodium and inadequate intake of potassium is associated with high blood pressure. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of sodium to potassium ratio on blood pressure in adults. Methods: This review was registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42016035296). Three databases (Scopus, Web of Science and MEDLINE) were searched for relevant articles to February 2016. Search terms and combinations related to sodium and potassium ratio and hypertension were used. Inclusion criteria were randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in adults which assessed the sodium to potassium ratio in the diet. Random effects meta-analyses were conducted to assess the weighted mean differences (WMD) (with 95% confidence intervals) in change or final mean values for systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Results: Five RCTs reporting the association between sodium to potassium ratio with blood pressure in adults (n ¼ 1310) were included in the metaanalysis. A lower sodium to potassium ratio was associated with a significant reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (WMD: -4.38, 95% CI: -5.90, -2.87 and -2.60, 95% CI: -3.73, -1.48, respectively). Conclusions: A lower sodium to potassium ratio was associated with significant reductions in blood pressure in adults. Recommending a lower sodium to potassium diet may be beneficial for blood pressure control. However, the body of evidence is limited. Further research is required to clarify the benefits of lower sodium to potassium ratio in blood pressure management. Funding source(s): N/A P77 DIET QUALITY AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION IN OLDER AUSTRALIAN MEN AND WOMEN C.M. Milte, K. Ball, D. Crawford, S.A. McNaughton. Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin
115
University, VIC, Australia E-mail address: [email protected] (C.M. Milte). Background/Aims: Previous research into the association between nutrition and cognitive function has focussed on individual nutrients or foods, with inconsistent Results. The aim of this study is to examine associations between diet quality and cognitive function in older adults. Methods: Adults aged 55 and over in the Wellbeing, Eating and Exercise for a Long Life (WELL) study (n ¼ 617) completed a 111-item food frequency questionnaire in 2010 and 2014. The dietary guideline index (DGI), a measure of adherence to the Australian Dietary Guidelines, assessed diet quality. The Telephone Interview of Cognitive Status modified (TICS-m) assessed cognitive function in 2014. Associations between previous (2010) and recent (2014) diet quality and cognitive function were assessed using linear regression. The associations with key food groups and dietary behaviours (diet variety, adding salt, low-fat, high-fibre) were also investigated. Results: There was no association between 2010 DGI score and TICS-m. After adjustment for age, education, urban/rural area, depression, physical activity, BMI and cardiovascular conditions, a higher 2014 DGI score was associated with a higher TICS-m score in men (b ¼ 0.04, 95%CI: 0.01, 0.07). Associations between high-fibre bread (b¼ 1.05, 95%CI: 0.11, 1.99), added salt (b ¼ -1.79, 95%CI: -2.90, -0.68) and TICS-m were also observed in men. No other associations were observed. Conclusions: Cross-sectionally, men who consumed a diet closer to the Australian Dietary Guidelines reported better cognitive function. Future studies should investigate trajectories of dietary change over time as cognitive function determinants. Funding source(s): ARC; Diabetes Australia Research Trust, Medibank Health Research Fund, NHMRC P78 CHANGES IN BLOOD PRESSURE, URINARY SODIUM AND SODIUM-TOPOTASSIUM RATIO IN A CLINICAL SAMPLE OF OVERWEIGHT ADULTS R.N. Ndanuko, L. Tapsell, K.E. Charlton, E. Neale. School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia E-mail address: [email protected] (R.N. Ndanuko). Background/Aims: High blood pressure (BP) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is clearly associated with dietary sodium, and possibly sodium-to-potassium ratio. This study aimed to explore these relationships in a lifestyle intervention trial. Methods: This was a secondary analysis of baseline and 3 mo data from 214 participants (mean age; 44.4 years, mean BMI; 32.3 kg/m2) in the HealthTrack trial comprising 3 groups: intervention+walnut (supplemented with 30 g /day of walnuts), intervention and control (ANZCTRN12614000581662). Non-parametric tests were applied for within group comparisons of changes in resting BP and 24-hour urinary sodium (Na) and potassium (K). Multiple linear regression was conducted to explore relationships between changes in urinary Na and BP. Results: After 3 months intervention, systolic (SBP)/diastolic (DBP) BP was significantly reduced in all 3 groups (intervention+walnut -7/-4 mmHg, p < 0.001; intervention -6/-4 mmHg, p < 0.001; control -3/-2 mmHg, p < 0.002 SBP, p ¼ 0.069 DBP). Urinary Na was significantly reduced in the intervention+walnut and control groups (-29.5 mmol/d, p < 0.001; -40.0 mmol/d, p ¼ 0.003 respectively). The Na:K ratio was significantly reduced only in the intervention+walnut group (-0.23, p ¼ 0.007). After controlling for confounders, a reduction in urinary Na was significantly associated with reduced DBP (F(6,60) ¼ 2.341, p ¼ 0.036) only in the control group. Conclusions: In this trial, intervention resulted in reduced BP for all groups, but reductions in Na or Na:K excretion varied, as did the relationship between urinary Na and reduced BP. Further investigations of dietary patterns may be informative. Funding source(s): Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, California Walnut Commission
which relies on waist circumference but free from weight, height, BMI to predict mortality. There is no study on relationship between BSI, sarcopenia and nutrition status among elderly. Aim of this preliminary work is to define association between BSI, sarcopenia and nutrition status in a small elderly population without cognitive impairment. Methods: In this single centred and observational study patients were age equal to or greater than 65 years underwent comprehensive geriatric assessment tests. After comprehensive geriatric assessment patients who defined as cognitively normal were underwent assessment. Demographic futures, standardized comprehensive geriatric assessments Results, hand grip strength, 5 meter walking speed and skeletal muscle mass (SMM), skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) and anthropometric measurements which were weight, height waist circumference and hip circumference were recorded. Results: Sixty one patients fulfilled inclusion criteria and underwent assessment. Mean age were 76.11 ± 7.10 years, 60.7% were woman, 18% were sarcopenic, 11.5% were presarcopenic and 18% were at malnutrition risk. BSI was significantly positive correlated with SMM (r ¼ 0.875), SMI (r ¼ 0.521), muscle power (r ¼ 0.671) and MNA-sf score (r ¼ 0.521) while BMI was only significantly correlated with SMI (r ¼ 0.601), all p < 0.01. Conclusions: Results of current work indicated that BSI appeared to be good alternative to BMI on predicting body composition and nutrition status in elderly. Further studies including patients with dementia are warranted to define clinical usefulness of BSI. Funding source(s): N/A P76 ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SODIUM TO POTASSIUM RATIO AND BLOOD PRESSURE IN ADULTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS R. Hapsari, K.E. Charlton, L. Tapsell, E. Neale, R.N. Ndanuko. School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia E-mail address: [email protected] (R. Hapsari). Background/Aims: Both sodium and potassium affect the blood pressure regulation. Evidence shows that excessive intake of sodium and inadequate intake of potassium is associated with high blood pressure. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of sodium to potassium ratio on blood pressure in adults. Methods: This review was registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42016035296). Three databases (Scopus, Web of Science and MEDLINE) were searched for relevant articles to February 2016. Search terms and combinations related to sodium and potassium ratio and hypertension were used. Inclusion criteria were randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in adults which assessed the sodium to potassium ratio in the diet. Random effects meta-analyses were conducted to assess the weighted mean differences (WMD) (with 95% confidence intervals) in change or final mean values for systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Results: Five RCTs reporting the association between sodium to potassium ratio with blood pressure in adults (n ¼ 1310) were included in the metaanalysis. A lower sodium to potassium ratio was associated with a significant reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (WMD: -4.38, 95% CI: -5.90, -2.87 and -2.60, 95% CI: -3.73, -1.48, respectively). Conclusions: A lower sodium to potassium ratio was associated with significant reductions in blood pressure in adults. Recommending a lower sodium to potassium diet may be beneficial for blood pressure control. However, the body of evidence is limited. Further research is required to clarify the benefits of lower sodium to potassium ratio in blood pressure management. Funding source(s): N/A P77 DIET QUALITY AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION IN OLDER AUSTRALIAN MEN AND WOMEN C.M. Milte, K. Ball, D. Crawford, S.A. McNaughton. Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin
115
University, VIC, Australia E-mail address: [email protected] (C.M. Milte). Background/Aims: Previous research into the association between nutrition and cognitive function has focussed on individual nutrients or foods, with inconsistent Results. The aim of this study is to examine associations between diet quality and cognitive function in older adults. Methods: Adults aged 55 and over in the Wellbeing, Eating and Exercise for a Long Life (WELL) study (n ¼ 617) completed a 111-item food frequency questionnaire in 2010 and 2014. The dietary guideline index (DGI), a measure of adherence to the Australian Dietary Guidelines, assessed diet quality. The Telephone Interview of Cognitive Status modified (TICS-m) assessed cognitive function in 2014. Associations between previous (2010) and recent (2014) diet quality and cognitive function were assessed using linear regression. The associations with key food groups and dietary behaviours (diet variety, adding salt, low-fat, high-fibre) were also investigated. Results: There was no association between 2010 DGI score and TICS-m. After adjustment for age, education, urban/rural area, depression, physical activity, BMI and cardiovascular conditions, a higher 2014 DGI score was associated with a higher TICS-m score in men (b ¼ 0.04, 95%CI: 0.01, 0.07). Associations between high-fibre bread (b¼ 1.05, 95%CI: 0.11, 1.99), added salt (b ¼ -1.79, 95%CI: -2.90, -0.68) and TICS-m were also observed in men. No other associations were observed. Conclusions: Cross-sectionally, men who consumed a diet closer to the Australian Dietary Guidelines reported better cognitive function. Future studies should investigate trajectories of dietary change over time as cognitive function determinants. Funding source(s): ARC; Diabetes Australia Research Trust, Medibank Health Research Fund, NHMRC P78 CHANGES IN BLOOD PRESSURE, URINARY SODIUM AND SODIUM-TOPOTASSIUM RATIO IN A CLINICAL SAMPLE OF OVERWEIGHT ADULTS R.N. Ndanuko, L. Tapsell, K.E. Charlton, E. Neale. School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia E-mail address: [email protected] (R.N. Ndanuko). Background/Aims: High blood pressure (BP) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is clearly associated with dietary sodium, and possibly sodium-to-potassium ratio. This study aimed to explore these relationships in a lifestyle intervention trial. Methods: This was a secondary analysis of baseline and 3 mo data from 214 participants (mean age; 44.4 years, mean BMI; 32.3 kg/m2) in the HealthTrack trial comprising 3 groups: intervention+walnut (supplemented with 30 g /day of walnuts), intervention and control (ANZCTRN12614000581662). Non-parametric tests were applied for within group comparisons of changes in resting BP and 24-hour urinary sodium (Na) and potassium (K). Multiple linear regression was conducted to explore relationships between changes in urinary Na and BP. Results: After 3 months intervention, systolic (SBP)/diastolic (DBP) BP was significantly reduced in all 3 groups (intervention+walnut -7/-4 mmHg, p < 0.001; intervention -6/-4 mmHg, p < 0.001; control -3/-2 mmHg, p < 0.002 SBP, p ¼ 0.069 DBP). Urinary Na was significantly reduced in the intervention+walnut and control groups (-29.5 mmol/d, p < 0.001; -40.0 mmol/d, p ¼ 0.003 respectively). The Na:K ratio was significantly reduced only in the intervention+walnut group (-0.23, p ¼ 0.007). After controlling for confounders, a reduction in urinary Na was significantly associated with reduced DBP (F(6,60) ¼ 2.341, p ¼ 0.036) only in the control group. Conclusions: In this trial, intervention resulted in reduced BP for all groups, but reductions in Na or Na:K excretion varied, as did the relationship between urinary Na and reduced BP. Further investigations of dietary patterns may be informative. Funding source(s): Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, California Walnut Commission