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Dietary Patterns Are Associated with Components of the Metabolic Syndrome in Adults from an Adriatic Island of Croatia
TUESDAY, OCTOBER 9
Poster Session: Wellness and Public Health Breakfast Patterns and Their Likelihood of Increased Risk of Overweight/Obesity and Risk Factors for Metabolic Syndrome in Adults 19ⴙ Years: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2008 Author(s): C. E. O’Neil,1 T. A. Nicklas,2 V. L. Fulgoni3; 1Louisiana State University AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA, 2Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 3Nutrition Impact LLC, Battle Creek, MI Learning Outcome: To understand the association between breakfast patterns and risk of overweight/obesity and factors for metabolic syndrome. Little is known about the relationship of specific types of breakfast consumed and the risk of overweight/obesity or risk factors for metabolic syndrome (MetS). Cluster analysis using NHANES 2001-2008 data identified 12 breakfast clusters_including no breakfast, in adults 19⫹ years (n⫽18,988). Using logistic regression, the odds ratios of being overweight (OW)/obese (OB) (BMI ⱖ25/⬍30 and ⱖ30, respectively) and having risk factors of MetS for 11 of the breakfast patterns were determined (no breakfast was the reference). None of the patterns reduced the likelihood of OW; grain/fruit juice (FJ), ready-to-eat cereal (RTEC)/reduced fat milk (redmlk), presweetened (PS) RTEC/redmlk; cooked cereal; and whole fruit patterns reduced (p⬍0.05) the likelihood of OB by 17%, 27%, 27%, 38%, and 36%, respectively. Grain/FJ; RTEC/redmlk; PSRTEC/redmlk; cooked cereal, coffee, and whole fruit, reduced (p⬍0.05) the risk of high waist circumference by 20%, 28%, 31%, 35%, 29%, and 36%, respectively. Grain/FJ; PSRTEC/redmlk; and cooked cereal reduced (p⬍0.05) the risk of elevated blood pressure by17%, 34%, and 28%, respectively. Grain/FJ; PSRTEC/redmlk; MPF/grain/eggs; redmlk/whole fruit; coffee; and whole fruit reduced (p⬍0.05) the risk of low HDL-C by 23%, 25%, 28%, 30%, 33%, and 49%, respectively. Grain/FJ; grain; PSRTEC/redmlk; RTEC/redmlk; cooked cereal; red fat milk/whole fruit; and coffee reduced (p⬍0.05) the risk of elevated triglycerides by 28%, 21%, 23%, 32%, 32%; 49%, and 41%, respectively. Grain/FJ; grain; PSRTEC/redmlk; RTEC/redmlk reduced (p⬍0.05) the risk of elevated glucose by 25%, 17%, 39%, and 25%, respectively. Different breakfast patterns had different associations with health indicators. Education is needed to improve breakfast patterns.
Total Energy Expenditure Measurement in Ethnically Diverse Female College Students Using a Convenient Portable Metabolic Sensewear® Armband Device Author(s): G. Lebovics, K. P. Navder; Nutrition Program in the CUNY School of Public Health, Hunter Coll., New York, NY Learning Outcome: To measure the effectiveness of a new armband device to measure daily energy expenditure outside the laboratory. The SenseWear䉸 Pro 3 armband (BodyMedia, Inc., Pittsburgh, PA) is reported to be a wearable body monitor that enables continuous physiological monitoring outside the laboratory. This study was undertaken to measure the daily energy expenditure in college aged women (18-39 years), and assess the differences if any, between four ethnic groups (African American, Asian, Caucasian, Hispanic/Latina). Subjects wore the Sensewear Pro 3 armband for 7 days. The armband collected data on active and total energy expenditure (AEE, TEE), and daily MET levels (metabolic equivalents expressed as kcal/kg/hour). Differences in anthropometric data between ethnicities and relationships between body mass index (BMI), percent body fat, and energy expenditure measures were explored. A total of 89 eligible subjects met all the requirements for the study. African American females were found to have the highest BMI and percent body fat. Statistical significance was not found between groups in any energy expenditure category after adjusting for age and BMI. AEE was positively correlated with physical activity duration, and negatively associated with BMI and percent body fat. In a stepwise regression analysis for the total group of 89 subjects, 91% of the variance in MET levels was accounted for by sedentary minutes/day and percentage of body fat. In a convenience sample, the SenseWear armband provided information that could be very useful in understanding differences in activity patterns between different ethnicities. Funding Disclosure: None
Funding Disclosure: Supported by USDA and Kellogg’s Corporate Citizenship Fund
Dietary Patterns Are Associated with Components of the Metabolic Syndrome in Adults from an Adriatic Island of Croatia Author(s): R. Sahay,1 S. Couch,2 S. Missoni,3 N. Smolej Narancic,3 A. Sujoldzic,3 Z. Durakovic,3 M. Rao,1 P. Rudan,3 R. Deka1; 1Department of Environmental Health, Univ. of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 2Department of Nutritional Sciences, Univ. of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 3Inst. of Anthropological Res., Zagreb, Croatia Learning Outcome: To identify dietary patterns among the Croatian islanders and relate them to components of the metabolic syndrome.
Intensity and Frequency of Stretching and Aerobic-Exercise Have an Inverse Relationship with Metabolic Syndrome Regardless the Intention for Health-Related Physical Activities in Mexican Adults. Author(s): S. E. MartÎnez-VÂzquez,1 H. A. LizÂrraga-HernÂndez,1 E. GÔmez-Reyes,2 M. Uribe-Esquivel3; 1Gastroenterology INCMNSZ, Nutritionist, MÊxico Distrito Federal, Mexico, 2Gastroenterology INCMNSZ, Senior Res.er, MÊxico Distrito Federal, Mexico, 3Gastroenterology INCMNSZ, Chairman, MÊxico Distrito Federal, Mexico Learning Outcome: Assess if the intensity and weekly frequency of exercise are associated to MetSyn regardless of exercise preferences.
The Adriatic islanders have a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome yet have traditionally practiced an active lifestyle and adherence to a Mediterranean diet. This cross-sectional study of adults (n⫽1442, aged ⬎20 years) determined whether components of the metabolic syndrome, e.g., body mass index (BMI), waist-circumference (WC), serum triglycerides, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), HDL-cholesterol, and systolic/diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP), in this population were related to an altered pattern of the traditional Mediterranean diet. A semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, consisting of common foods of Croatia, was used to assess dietary intake. Principal component analysis was applied to derive dietary patterns. Six dietary patterns were revealed explaining 51.1% of the total dietary variance. Pattern 1: meat, poultry, fish, vegetables, potatoes, baked-goods, cereals, lentils, and plant oil, Pattern 2: sweets, juices/drinks, baked-goods, dairy-foods, eggs, and solid fats, and Pattern 3: fruits, nuts and olive-oil were positively associated with HDL-cholesterol (p⫽0.001, p⬍0.001 and p⫽0.011, respectively). Pattern 2 was positively associated with BMI (p⫽0.009), FPG (p⬍0.001) and DBP (p⫽0.011). Pattern 5: alcohol and cereals was positively associated with WC (p⫽0.013) and negatively association with FPG (p⫽0.006). Pattern 4: fruits, potatoes, juices/drinks and plant-oil, and Pattern 6: olive-oil and solid fats were not associated with any metabolic component. Our study suggests that the Croatian diet is diverse with no one pattern conforming to the traditional Mediterranean diet; the Croatian dietary pattern characterized by sweet foods and drinks, baked goods, dairy, eggs, and solid fats was associated with a greater clustering of metabolic risk factors.
Conclusions: In Mexican adults, it seems that intense and frequent exercise (ⱖ3 times/ week) exerts a beneficial effect to treat the SM as indicated by some authors. Mild or moderate exercise and the frequency ⬍3 times/week, may not be enough to treat MetSyn. Predisposition to exercise is not associated with MetSyn in this study.
Funding Disclosure: Supported by Grant R01 NIDDK069845
Funding Disclosure: None
A-88
JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
Background: Studies indicate that stretching exercise or low intensity aerobic exercise is effective to treat metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) (1-3). Other authors had noted that exercise to treat MetSyn should be intense or a mixture of both types listed above with the intense. (4-7). Such activities should be designed according to each individual=s preferences and to their social and cultural characteristics and physical condition. Few researchers have assessed the predisposition to exercise practice in this group of patients (8). Methods: In a cross sectional study in patients of a tertiary care medical center, we measured predisposition to exercise with a questionnaire designed by ourselves and performing with a validated questionnaire. Results: A total of 148 individuals evaluated, having a mean age of 49.8 ⫾16.4 years, from which 39.1% (n⫽58) complied with 4/5 criteria for MetSyn (9), the 71.6% (n⫽106) were woman belonging to a middle socioeconomic status. The comparative analysis found that the subjects with MetSyn had in average a greater age (55.5 and 44.1 year, p⫽0.043), a lower socioeconomic status (p⫽0.005) and differed according to intensity (p⫽0.043) and weekly frequency of the exercise practice (p⫽0.046). The predisposition to exercise is the same in both groups (p⫽0.181).
September 2012 Suppl 3—Abstracts Volume 112 Number 9
Poster Session: Wellness and Public Health Breakfast Patterns and Their Likelihood of Increased Risk of Overweight/Obesity and Risk Factors for Metabolic Syndrome in Adults 19ⴙ Years: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2008 Author(s): C. E. O’Neil,1 T. A. Nicklas,2 V. L. Fulgoni3; 1Louisiana State University AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA, 2Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 3Nutrition Impact LLC, Battle Creek, MI Learning Outcome: To understand the association between breakfast patterns and risk of overweight/obesity and factors for metabolic syndrome. Little is known about the relationship of specific types of breakfast consumed and the risk of overweight/obesity or risk factors for metabolic syndrome (MetS). Cluster analysis using NHANES 2001-2008 data identified 12 breakfast clusters_including no breakfast, in adults 19⫹ years (n⫽18,988). Using logistic regression, the odds ratios of being overweight (OW)/obese (OB) (BMI ⱖ25/⬍30 and ⱖ30, respectively) and having risk factors of MetS for 11 of the breakfast patterns were determined (no breakfast was the reference). None of the patterns reduced the likelihood of OW; grain/fruit juice (FJ), ready-to-eat cereal (RTEC)/reduced fat milk (redmlk), presweetened (PS) RTEC/redmlk; cooked cereal; and whole fruit patterns reduced (p⬍0.05) the likelihood of OB by 17%, 27%, 27%, 38%, and 36%, respectively. Grain/FJ; RTEC/redmlk; PSRTEC/redmlk; cooked cereal, coffee, and whole fruit, reduced (p⬍0.05) the risk of high waist circumference by 20%, 28%, 31%, 35%, 29%, and 36%, respectively. Grain/FJ; PSRTEC/redmlk; and cooked cereal reduced (p⬍0.05) the risk of elevated blood pressure by17%, 34%, and 28%, respectively. Grain/FJ; PSRTEC/redmlk; MPF/grain/eggs; redmlk/whole fruit; coffee; and whole fruit reduced (p⬍0.05) the risk of low HDL-C by 23%, 25%, 28%, 30%, 33%, and 49%, respectively. Grain/FJ; grain; PSRTEC/redmlk; RTEC/redmlk; cooked cereal; red fat milk/whole fruit; and coffee reduced (p⬍0.05) the risk of elevated triglycerides by 28%, 21%, 23%, 32%, 32%; 49%, and 41%, respectively. Grain/FJ; grain; PSRTEC/redmlk; RTEC/redmlk reduced (p⬍0.05) the risk of elevated glucose by 25%, 17%, 39%, and 25%, respectively. Different breakfast patterns had different associations with health indicators. Education is needed to improve breakfast patterns.
Total Energy Expenditure Measurement in Ethnically Diverse Female College Students Using a Convenient Portable Metabolic Sensewear® Armband Device Author(s): G. Lebovics, K. P. Navder; Nutrition Program in the CUNY School of Public Health, Hunter Coll., New York, NY Learning Outcome: To measure the effectiveness of a new armband device to measure daily energy expenditure outside the laboratory. The SenseWear䉸 Pro 3 armband (BodyMedia, Inc., Pittsburgh, PA) is reported to be a wearable body monitor that enables continuous physiological monitoring outside the laboratory. This study was undertaken to measure the daily energy expenditure in college aged women (18-39 years), and assess the differences if any, between four ethnic groups (African American, Asian, Caucasian, Hispanic/Latina). Subjects wore the Sensewear Pro 3 armband for 7 days. The armband collected data on active and total energy expenditure (AEE, TEE), and daily MET levels (metabolic equivalents expressed as kcal/kg/hour). Differences in anthropometric data between ethnicities and relationships between body mass index (BMI), percent body fat, and energy expenditure measures were explored. A total of 89 eligible subjects met all the requirements for the study. African American females were found to have the highest BMI and percent body fat. Statistical significance was not found between groups in any energy expenditure category after adjusting for age and BMI. AEE was positively correlated with physical activity duration, and negatively associated with BMI and percent body fat. In a stepwise regression analysis for the total group of 89 subjects, 91% of the variance in MET levels was accounted for by sedentary minutes/day and percentage of body fat. In a convenience sample, the SenseWear armband provided information that could be very useful in understanding differences in activity patterns between different ethnicities. Funding Disclosure: None
Funding Disclosure: Supported by USDA and Kellogg’s Corporate Citizenship Fund
Dietary Patterns Are Associated with Components of the Metabolic Syndrome in Adults from an Adriatic Island of Croatia Author(s): R. Sahay,1 S. Couch,2 S. Missoni,3 N. Smolej Narancic,3 A. Sujoldzic,3 Z. Durakovic,3 M. Rao,1 P. Rudan,3 R. Deka1; 1Department of Environmental Health, Univ. of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 2Department of Nutritional Sciences, Univ. of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 3Inst. of Anthropological Res., Zagreb, Croatia Learning Outcome: To identify dietary patterns among the Croatian islanders and relate them to components of the metabolic syndrome.
Intensity and Frequency of Stretching and Aerobic-Exercise Have an Inverse Relationship with Metabolic Syndrome Regardless the Intention for Health-Related Physical Activities in Mexican Adults. Author(s): S. E. MartÎnez-VÂzquez,1 H. A. LizÂrraga-HernÂndez,1 E. GÔmez-Reyes,2 M. Uribe-Esquivel3; 1Gastroenterology INCMNSZ, Nutritionist, MÊxico Distrito Federal, Mexico, 2Gastroenterology INCMNSZ, Senior Res.er, MÊxico Distrito Federal, Mexico, 3Gastroenterology INCMNSZ, Chairman, MÊxico Distrito Federal, Mexico Learning Outcome: Assess if the intensity and weekly frequency of exercise are associated to MetSyn regardless of exercise preferences.
The Adriatic islanders have a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome yet have traditionally practiced an active lifestyle and adherence to a Mediterranean diet. This cross-sectional study of adults (n⫽1442, aged ⬎20 years) determined whether components of the metabolic syndrome, e.g., body mass index (BMI), waist-circumference (WC), serum triglycerides, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), HDL-cholesterol, and systolic/diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP), in this population were related to an altered pattern of the traditional Mediterranean diet. A semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, consisting of common foods of Croatia, was used to assess dietary intake. Principal component analysis was applied to derive dietary patterns. Six dietary patterns were revealed explaining 51.1% of the total dietary variance. Pattern 1: meat, poultry, fish, vegetables, potatoes, baked-goods, cereals, lentils, and plant oil, Pattern 2: sweets, juices/drinks, baked-goods, dairy-foods, eggs, and solid fats, and Pattern 3: fruits, nuts and olive-oil were positively associated with HDL-cholesterol (p⫽0.001, p⬍0.001 and p⫽0.011, respectively). Pattern 2 was positively associated with BMI (p⫽0.009), FPG (p⬍0.001) and DBP (p⫽0.011). Pattern 5: alcohol and cereals was positively associated with WC (p⫽0.013) and negatively association with FPG (p⫽0.006). Pattern 4: fruits, potatoes, juices/drinks and plant-oil, and Pattern 6: olive-oil and solid fats were not associated with any metabolic component. Our study suggests that the Croatian diet is diverse with no one pattern conforming to the traditional Mediterranean diet; the Croatian dietary pattern characterized by sweet foods and drinks, baked goods, dairy, eggs, and solid fats was associated with a greater clustering of metabolic risk factors.
Conclusions: In Mexican adults, it seems that intense and frequent exercise (ⱖ3 times/ week) exerts a beneficial effect to treat the SM as indicated by some authors. Mild or moderate exercise and the frequency ⬍3 times/week, may not be enough to treat MetSyn. Predisposition to exercise is not associated with MetSyn in this study.
Funding Disclosure: Supported by Grant R01 NIDDK069845
Funding Disclosure: None
A-88
JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
Background: Studies indicate that stretching exercise or low intensity aerobic exercise is effective to treat metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) (1-3). Other authors had noted that exercise to treat MetSyn should be intense or a mixture of both types listed above with the intense. (4-7). Such activities should be designed according to each individual=s preferences and to their social and cultural characteristics and physical condition. Few researchers have assessed the predisposition to exercise practice in this group of patients (8). Methods: In a cross sectional study in patients of a tertiary care medical center, we measured predisposition to exercise with a questionnaire designed by ourselves and performing with a validated questionnaire. Results: A total of 148 individuals evaluated, having a mean age of 49.8 ⫾16.4 years, from which 39.1% (n⫽58) complied with 4/5 criteria for MetSyn (9), the 71.6% (n⫽106) were woman belonging to a middle socioeconomic status. The comparative analysis found that the subjects with MetSyn had in average a greater age (55.5 and 44.1 year, p⫽0.043), a lower socioeconomic status (p⫽0.005) and differed according to intensity (p⫽0.043) and weekly frequency of the exercise practice (p⫽0.046). The predisposition to exercise is the same in both groups (p⫽0.181).
September 2012 Suppl 3—Abstracts Volume 112 Number 9