- Email: [email protected]
Dietary Patterns, Physical Activity and Weight Status in 12-Year-Old in Puerto Rico
TUESDAY, OCTOBER 21
Poster Session: Wellness and Public Health The Relationship between Weight Status and Complementary and Alternative Medicine Special Diets Use
Consumption of Almonds Is Associated with Better Diet Quality and Better Physiological Status in Adults 19-50 and 51+ Years of Age: NHANES 2001-2010
Author: G.L. Lindsey; Lindsey and Associates, Lutherville, MD
Author(s): C.E. O’Neil1, T.A. Nicklas2, V.L. Fulgoni3; 1Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 2Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 3Nutrition Impact LLC, Battle Creek, MI
Learning Outcome: Describe that overweight or obese individual are more likely to use CAM Special Diets. Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) Special Diets were considered fad diets and often frowned upon by medical and nutrition practitioners. Recently, clinical studies using CAM Special Diets on selected populations have demonstrated efficacy in improving hypertension and diabetes outcomes. Using the 2007 National Health Interview Survey and CAM Supplement, the study will seek to determine if there was an association between weight status and the use of CAM Special Diets among adults 18 to 74. In addition, the study assesses whether this relationship changed in the presence of weight related chronic diseases. The study’s hypotheses were: Hypothesis 1a/1b: Overweight or obese individuals are more likely to ever use CAM Special Diets than individuals of healthy weight. Hypothesis 2a/2b :Overweight or obese individuals with a chronic disease are more likely to ever use CAM Special Diets than healthy weight individuals with a chronic disease. Findings from this study are the first explicating the demographic profile of CAM Special Diet users. The results show that they are more often used by women, whites, and middle aged people with higher education and income. Results using logistic regression show that as weight status categories increase, CAM Special Diet use increases. The relationship between CAM Special Diet use and weight status is not changed in the presence of weight related chronic disease as measured by hypertension and diabetes in this study. These findings indicate that future studies are needed to determine the effectiveness of CAM Special Diets use for the public.
Learning Outcome: To determine the association of almond consumption with diet quality and adverse health risks in younger and older adults. NHANES 2001-2010 data were used to examine the associations of almond consumption with diet quality and health risks in adults 19-50 years (N¼13,267; 160 consumers) and 51+ years (N¼11,541; 235 consumers). Consumers were defined as having ingested any amount of almonds during the first 24-hr diet recall. Covariate adjusted linear and logistic regressions were conducted using appropriate sample weights. Diet quality was calculated using the Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI). Probability was <0.05. Consumers 19-50 years and 51+ years had higher HEI scores (61.891.13 [SE] vs 44.290.26 and 64.221.16 vs 50.200.23), respectively, compared with non-consumers. Consumers 19-50 years had lower BMI 26.80.6 vs 28.10.1, systolic blood pressure (SBP) 113.7 vs 117.10.2 mmHg, LDL-C 104.83.2 vs 114.60.6 mg/dL, and waist circumference (WC) 91.91.5 vs 95.20.3 cm; and higher HDL-C 55.41.6 vs 52.20.3 mg/dL. Consumers 51+ years had lower BMI 27.40.4 vs 29.00.1, SBP 126.5 vs 131.10.3 mmHg, and WC 97.31.1 vs 101.10.2 cm. Consumers 19-50 years were 58% less likely to have a reduced HDL-C, or an elevated LDL-C level, 44% less likely to have an elevated WC, and 53% less likely to have metabolic syndrome. Consumers 51+ years were 34% and 30% less likely to be overweight/obese or have an elevated WC, respectively. Almond consumption should be encouraged by health professionals in younger and older adults. Funding Disclosure: Almond Board and USDA
Funding Disclosure: National institute of a Health, Center of Complementary and Alternative Medicine
The Effects of Sodium Replacement on Sensory Characteristics of Oven-Fried Chicken
Dietary Patterns, Physical Activity and Weight Status in 12-Year-Old in Puerto Rico
Author(s): C. Lewis, B. Rambert, P.H. Terry; Nutrition and Dietetics, Samford Univ., Birmingham, AL
Author(s): R. Torres1, S. Rivas2, L. Orrac2, A. Elias2, C. Palacios1; 1School of Public Health, Univ. of Puerto Rico Med. Sci. Campus, San Juan, PR, 2School of Dental Medicine, Univ. of Puerto Rico Med. Sci. Campus, San Juan, PR
Learning Outcome: The participant will learn techniques for lowering sodium content of fried chicken. Excessive salt intake exacerbates hypertension. Additionally, a growing body of evidence strongly suggests that high dietary salt loading damages the heart independently of its hypertensive effects. Individuals can modify their salt intake to reduce their risk of chronic disease. The purpose of this study was to examine the physical and sensory characteristics of a low sodium oven-fried chicken to take the place of traditional southern fried chicken. Three different recipes of chicken were be made. The first was oven - fried chicken with salt; the second contained no salt; the third replaced total salt with the original salt-free Mrs. Dash. For sensory evaluation, twenty un-trained participants, age 19 years and older, evaluated three the different samples using a scorecard that included appearance, texture, moistness and saltiness. Participants were able to correctly identify which sample had the most salt. Interestingly, the sample with Mrs. Dash was found to be saltier than the sample that merely removed the salt. The TA.XT2 texture analyzer was used to evaluate the toughness and firmness of the chicken and a glass brix hydrometer for saline content. While the majority of participants chose the chicken with salt, it was surprising that for the salt-free samples, the herbal mixture was least liked. Objective data showed a possible relationship between salt and tenderness. The removal of salt resulted in a much more tender piece of chicken. Further research should be conducted to determine other ways to modify food for taste to reduce sodium. Funding Disclosure: None
Learning Outcome: Describe the association between dietary patters, physical activity and weight status in 12-year-old in Puerto Rico. Background: Body weight in children is affected by several factors, such as dietary patterns (DP) and physical activity (PA) behaviors. The purpose of this study was to analyze DP, PA and weight status of 12-year-old children in Puerto Rico (PR). Method: An “island-wide” cross-sectional study was conducted in 2010-11 among 1,582 12-year-old children using a probabilistic stratified sample of all schools in PR. DP and PA was assessed in a representative subset (n¼817) using a structured survey. Trained staff measured children’s weight and height using NHANES procedures. Weight status was categorized using the CDC age- and gender- specific growth charts. The associations between DP, PA and weight status were evaluated using chi-squared test. Results: Overall, 42% of the participants were overweight or obese. Preliminary analysis did not show a difference in DP and PA by weight status. In general, 53% drink 2 sodas per day, 14% visit >2 times per week fast food restaurants. Only 38% met PA recommendations, while 18% met sedentary time recommendations. Frequency of fast food visits was associated with greater soda intake and sedentary time, while unhealthy snacks between meals was associated with more sedentary time and soda intake (p<0.05). Conclusion: Preliminary analysis showed that DP and PA were not different by weight status. These results suggest the need of longitudinal studies to examine other factors that are related to weight status in children living in PR. This is necessary to design appropriate interventions to prevent overweight/obesity. Funding Disclosure: Partially supported by NIH (S21) MD0083 and by NCR (2G12-RR003051) and NIMHHD (8G12-MD007600)
September 2014 Suppl 2—Abstracts Volume 114 Number 9
JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
A-91
Poster Session: Wellness and Public Health The Relationship between Weight Status and Complementary and Alternative Medicine Special Diets Use
Consumption of Almonds Is Associated with Better Diet Quality and Better Physiological Status in Adults 19-50 and 51+ Years of Age: NHANES 2001-2010
Author: G.L. Lindsey; Lindsey and Associates, Lutherville, MD
Author(s): C.E. O’Neil1, T.A. Nicklas2, V.L. Fulgoni3; 1Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 2Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 3Nutrition Impact LLC, Battle Creek, MI
Learning Outcome: Describe that overweight or obese individual are more likely to use CAM Special Diets. Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) Special Diets were considered fad diets and often frowned upon by medical and nutrition practitioners. Recently, clinical studies using CAM Special Diets on selected populations have demonstrated efficacy in improving hypertension and diabetes outcomes. Using the 2007 National Health Interview Survey and CAM Supplement, the study will seek to determine if there was an association between weight status and the use of CAM Special Diets among adults 18 to 74. In addition, the study assesses whether this relationship changed in the presence of weight related chronic diseases. The study’s hypotheses were: Hypothesis 1a/1b: Overweight or obese individuals are more likely to ever use CAM Special Diets than individuals of healthy weight. Hypothesis 2a/2b :Overweight or obese individuals with a chronic disease are more likely to ever use CAM Special Diets than healthy weight individuals with a chronic disease. Findings from this study are the first explicating the demographic profile of CAM Special Diet users. The results show that they are more often used by women, whites, and middle aged people with higher education and income. Results using logistic regression show that as weight status categories increase, CAM Special Diet use increases. The relationship between CAM Special Diet use and weight status is not changed in the presence of weight related chronic disease as measured by hypertension and diabetes in this study. These findings indicate that future studies are needed to determine the effectiveness of CAM Special Diets use for the public.
Learning Outcome: To determine the association of almond consumption with diet quality and adverse health risks in younger and older adults. NHANES 2001-2010 data were used to examine the associations of almond consumption with diet quality and health risks in adults 19-50 years (N¼13,267; 160 consumers) and 51+ years (N¼11,541; 235 consumers). Consumers were defined as having ingested any amount of almonds during the first 24-hr diet recall. Covariate adjusted linear and logistic regressions were conducted using appropriate sample weights. Diet quality was calculated using the Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI). Probability was <0.05. Consumers 19-50 years and 51+ years had higher HEI scores (61.891.13 [SE] vs 44.290.26 and 64.221.16 vs 50.200.23), respectively, compared with non-consumers. Consumers 19-50 years had lower BMI 26.80.6 vs 28.10.1, systolic blood pressure (SBP) 113.7 vs 117.10.2 mmHg, LDL-C 104.83.2 vs 114.60.6 mg/dL, and waist circumference (WC) 91.91.5 vs 95.20.3 cm; and higher HDL-C 55.41.6 vs 52.20.3 mg/dL. Consumers 51+ years had lower BMI 27.40.4 vs 29.00.1, SBP 126.5 vs 131.10.3 mmHg, and WC 97.31.1 vs 101.10.2 cm. Consumers 19-50 years were 58% less likely to have a reduced HDL-C, or an elevated LDL-C level, 44% less likely to have an elevated WC, and 53% less likely to have metabolic syndrome. Consumers 51+ years were 34% and 30% less likely to be overweight/obese or have an elevated WC, respectively. Almond consumption should be encouraged by health professionals in younger and older adults. Funding Disclosure: Almond Board and USDA
Funding Disclosure: National institute of a Health, Center of Complementary and Alternative Medicine
The Effects of Sodium Replacement on Sensory Characteristics of Oven-Fried Chicken
Dietary Patterns, Physical Activity and Weight Status in 12-Year-Old in Puerto Rico
Author(s): C. Lewis, B. Rambert, P.H. Terry; Nutrition and Dietetics, Samford Univ., Birmingham, AL
Author(s): R. Torres1, S. Rivas2, L. Orrac2, A. Elias2, C. Palacios1; 1School of Public Health, Univ. of Puerto Rico Med. Sci. Campus, San Juan, PR, 2School of Dental Medicine, Univ. of Puerto Rico Med. Sci. Campus, San Juan, PR
Learning Outcome: The participant will learn techniques for lowering sodium content of fried chicken. Excessive salt intake exacerbates hypertension. Additionally, a growing body of evidence strongly suggests that high dietary salt loading damages the heart independently of its hypertensive effects. Individuals can modify their salt intake to reduce their risk of chronic disease. The purpose of this study was to examine the physical and sensory characteristics of a low sodium oven-fried chicken to take the place of traditional southern fried chicken. Three different recipes of chicken were be made. The first was oven - fried chicken with salt; the second contained no salt; the third replaced total salt with the original salt-free Mrs. Dash. For sensory evaluation, twenty un-trained participants, age 19 years and older, evaluated three the different samples using a scorecard that included appearance, texture, moistness and saltiness. Participants were able to correctly identify which sample had the most salt. Interestingly, the sample with Mrs. Dash was found to be saltier than the sample that merely removed the salt. The TA.XT2 texture analyzer was used to evaluate the toughness and firmness of the chicken and a glass brix hydrometer for saline content. While the majority of participants chose the chicken with salt, it was surprising that for the salt-free samples, the herbal mixture was least liked. Objective data showed a possible relationship between salt and tenderness. The removal of salt resulted in a much more tender piece of chicken. Further research should be conducted to determine other ways to modify food for taste to reduce sodium. Funding Disclosure: None
Learning Outcome: Describe the association between dietary patters, physical activity and weight status in 12-year-old in Puerto Rico. Background: Body weight in children is affected by several factors, such as dietary patterns (DP) and physical activity (PA) behaviors. The purpose of this study was to analyze DP, PA and weight status of 12-year-old children in Puerto Rico (PR). Method: An “island-wide” cross-sectional study was conducted in 2010-11 among 1,582 12-year-old children using a probabilistic stratified sample of all schools in PR. DP and PA was assessed in a representative subset (n¼817) using a structured survey. Trained staff measured children’s weight and height using NHANES procedures. Weight status was categorized using the CDC age- and gender- specific growth charts. The associations between DP, PA and weight status were evaluated using chi-squared test. Results: Overall, 42% of the participants were overweight or obese. Preliminary analysis did not show a difference in DP and PA by weight status. In general, 53% drink 2 sodas per day, 14% visit >2 times per week fast food restaurants. Only 38% met PA recommendations, while 18% met sedentary time recommendations. Frequency of fast food visits was associated with greater soda intake and sedentary time, while unhealthy snacks between meals was associated with more sedentary time and soda intake (p<0.05). Conclusion: Preliminary analysis showed that DP and PA were not different by weight status. These results suggest the need of longitudinal studies to examine other factors that are related to weight status in children living in PR. This is necessary to design appropriate interventions to prevent overweight/obesity. Funding Disclosure: Partially supported by NIH (S21) MD0083 and by NCR (2G12-RR003051) and NIMHHD (8G12-MD007600)
September 2014 Suppl 2—Abstracts Volume 114 Number 9
JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
A-91