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Difference in Nutrient Intake Between Black and White Adults 50 Years and Older in the United States
SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 17
POSTER SESSION: PROFESSIONAL SKILLS/NUTRITION ASSESSMENT/MEDICAL NUTRITION THERAPY TITLE: CHANGES IN ENERGY EXPENDITURE ASSOCIATED WITH INGESTION OF HIGH PROTEIN, HIGH FAT VERSUS HIGH PROTEIN, LOW FAT MEALS AMONG UNDERWEIGHT, NORMAL, AND OVERWEIGHT FEMALES AUTHOR(S): A.J. Riggs, MS, RD; S.S. Gropper, PhD, RD; Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Auburn University, AL LEARNING OUTCOME: To understand the differences in energy expenditure after consumption of meals of varying nutrient composition among underweight, normal weight, and overweight females. TEXT: Changes in energy expenditure after ingestion of a high protein, high fat meal (HPHFM) versus an isocaloric high protein, low fat meal (HPLFM) were investigated in 21 females, 19-27 years. Subjects were classified by body mass index (BMI) as underweight (⬍18.5 kg/m2), normal (18.5-24.9 kg/m2), or overweight (ⱖ25.0 kg/m2). Energy expenditure, measured using indirect calorimetry, was assessed before and every 30 minutes for 3.5 hours following meal consumption. Height and weight were measured using standard techniques. Fat free mass (ffm) was measured using bioelectrical impedance. No significant differences were found among the three groups in age, height, or ffm. BMI and body weight differed significantly among groups. Significant positive correlations were found between BMI and both baseline metabolic rate (r2⫽0.29) and total change in metabolic rate (r2⫽0.35). Changes in metabolic rate (kcal/min) from baseline were significantly higher in normal weight subjects (n⫽11) at 2, 3, and 3.5 hours following HPHFM consumption versus HPLFM consumption. Changes in metabolic rate (kcal/min) from baseline rates did not significantly differ in underweight (n⫽3) or overweight subjects (n⫽5) following consumption of either meal at any measured time. No significant differences in metabolic rate as kcal/min/kgffm or as change in metabolic rate from baseline were found among the groups at any times. In conclusion, changes in metabolic rate in response to HPHFM versus HPLFM do not differ in overweight and underweight subjects, whereas in normal weight subjects, ingestion of a HPHFM versus a HPLFM significantly increases postprandial metabolic rate (69.3 kcal/3.5 hr). FUNDING DISCLOSURE: Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station ALA013-020 and the Malone Zallen Graduate Student Fund, Dept. of Nutrition and Food Science, Auburn University.
TITLE: LEGUME INTAKE OF CHILDBEARING AGED WOMEN OF TAJIKISTAN AUTHOR(S): Yarbayeva, MS; D. Giraud, MS; J.A. Albrecht, PhD, RD; Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE LEARNING OUTCOME: This study was designed to estimate overall legume intake among childbearing aged women in the rural area of Tajikistan and to understand the link between nutrient intake (iron and folate) and general health status. TEXT: Legume (beans, peas, and lentils) intake among women of childbearing age living in “vilojati” (region) Khatlon of Tajikistan was investigated as a source of folate and iron; since, the fortification process is costly and not established in Tajikistan. Legumes are accessible to all, easy to grow in Tajik regions, inexpensive, taste good, and can be good sources of iron and folate. A representative sample of 151 Tajik women between 19 and 41 years old completed a confidential survey that included demographic information and ten questions on legumes. Anthropometric and skinfold measurements of 100 representative women were collected with body mass index (kg/m2) of 22.83 ⫾ 5.27, waist circumference (cm) of 74.75 ⫾ 12.16, and sum of three skinfolds (triceps, thigh and suprailiac) (mm) of 60.10 ⫾ 19.32. Overall, 22% of the participants were underweight, 20% overweight, and 12% obese. Although consumption of legumes in the Tajik diet was at least two to three times per week (65%), which suggests a positive dietary approach, the specific amount is unknown. Due to food insecurity in rural areas of Tajikistan, nutrition education is needed to help women to maintain health with available foods such as legumes. Because of the coexistence of underweight and overweight status that may cause various health problems, more attention needs to be given from nutrition and health care professionals in rural areas of Tajikistan. FUNDING DISCLOSURE: University of Nebraska-Lincoln Agricultural Research Division
TITLE: DIFFERENCE IN NUTRIENT INTAKE BETWEEN BLACK AND WHITE ADULTS 50 YEARS AND OLDER IN THE UNITED STATES
TITLE: POST GASTRIC BYPASS PATIENT AND A MULTIPLE GESTATION PREGNANCY: NUTRITIONAL IMPLICATIONS AND NEED FOR MORE RESEARCH
AUTHOR(S): N.A. Sistani, Ph.D., RD; A.P. Warren, MS, RD, LD; Alabama A&M University, AL
AUTHOR(S): S. L. Hancock, RD, CNSD; V.L. Emch, MS, RD
LEARNING OUTCOME: Professionals may use the results of this study as guidelines to educate customers to change their food consumption behaviors, fortified foodstuffs with the target nutrients, and provide dietary supplies. TEXT: Aging produces physiological changes that affect the required levels for several essential nutrients. Nutrient data collected in the 1994-96 Continuing Survey of Food Intake by Individuals (CSFII) were analyzed by age groups (50-59 years, 60-69, and 70 years or over) to identify percentages of at-risk individuals in each group with diets less than 100% Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs), and Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) levels, and to identify factors possibly affecting the nutrient intake of the elderly such as race. No age group met 100% of the RDA recommendation for energy. Mean intakes of vitamin B6, calcium, magnesium, and zinc were below the recommended values for all three groups. Race did not play a factor in nutrient intake of elderly individuals; both groups (black and white) suffered from the same deficits of intake and exhibited the same excesses of intake. In general, the mean nutrient intakes were slightly, but not significantly, higher for whites than blacks, except for vitamin C which were slightly higher for blacks. FUNDING DISCLOSURE: None
LEARNING OUTCOME: To recognize the need for more research in the assessment, recommendation and outcomes for women who have undergone gastric bypass and are now pregnant with multiple fetuses. TEXT: Obesity is a prevalent problem in today’s world. More and more people are turning to gastric bypass surgery as a solution to this problem, in fact over the last five years the number of surgeries has quadrupled with 170,000 surgeries being performed in 2005. Another issue in today’s world is treatment for infertility in women. Use of medications (such as Clomid) and other advances are being utilized including gastric bypass to treat infertility. It is only natural that clinicians will begin to see patients who have had gastric bypass surgery and who are pregnant with multiple fetuses. Recently a 25 year old female, 9 months post gastric bypass presents with quads to the high risk obstetrics floor. Developing an appropriate nutrition care plan to ensure optimal fetal growth was challenging, since there are no nutrition guidelines/recommendations for multiple gestation pregnancy after gastric bypass surgery. Estimating caloric, macro and micro nutrient needs was based on information obtained for multiple gestations, but did not take into account the altered absorption ability after gastric bypass surgery. Additional research is essential for developing nutrition recommendations for this unique patient population with special attention to altered absorption capacity, caloric needs and micronutrient requirements, as these patients are pre-disposed to deficiencies prior to conception. FUNDING DISCLOSURE: None
A-34 / August 2006 Suppl 2—Abstracts Volume 106 Number 8
POSTER SESSION: PROFESSIONAL SKILLS/NUTRITION ASSESSMENT/MEDICAL NUTRITION THERAPY TITLE: CHANGES IN ENERGY EXPENDITURE ASSOCIATED WITH INGESTION OF HIGH PROTEIN, HIGH FAT VERSUS HIGH PROTEIN, LOW FAT MEALS AMONG UNDERWEIGHT, NORMAL, AND OVERWEIGHT FEMALES AUTHOR(S): A.J. Riggs, MS, RD; S.S. Gropper, PhD, RD; Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Auburn University, AL LEARNING OUTCOME: To understand the differences in energy expenditure after consumption of meals of varying nutrient composition among underweight, normal weight, and overweight females. TEXT: Changes in energy expenditure after ingestion of a high protein, high fat meal (HPHFM) versus an isocaloric high protein, low fat meal (HPLFM) were investigated in 21 females, 19-27 years. Subjects were classified by body mass index (BMI) as underweight (⬍18.5 kg/m2), normal (18.5-24.9 kg/m2), or overweight (ⱖ25.0 kg/m2). Energy expenditure, measured using indirect calorimetry, was assessed before and every 30 minutes for 3.5 hours following meal consumption. Height and weight were measured using standard techniques. Fat free mass (ffm) was measured using bioelectrical impedance. No significant differences were found among the three groups in age, height, or ffm. BMI and body weight differed significantly among groups. Significant positive correlations were found between BMI and both baseline metabolic rate (r2⫽0.29) and total change in metabolic rate (r2⫽0.35). Changes in metabolic rate (kcal/min) from baseline were significantly higher in normal weight subjects (n⫽11) at 2, 3, and 3.5 hours following HPHFM consumption versus HPLFM consumption. Changes in metabolic rate (kcal/min) from baseline rates did not significantly differ in underweight (n⫽3) or overweight subjects (n⫽5) following consumption of either meal at any measured time. No significant differences in metabolic rate as kcal/min/kgffm or as change in metabolic rate from baseline were found among the groups at any times. In conclusion, changes in metabolic rate in response to HPHFM versus HPLFM do not differ in overweight and underweight subjects, whereas in normal weight subjects, ingestion of a HPHFM versus a HPLFM significantly increases postprandial metabolic rate (69.3 kcal/3.5 hr). FUNDING DISCLOSURE: Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station ALA013-020 and the Malone Zallen Graduate Student Fund, Dept. of Nutrition and Food Science, Auburn University.
TITLE: LEGUME INTAKE OF CHILDBEARING AGED WOMEN OF TAJIKISTAN AUTHOR(S): Yarbayeva, MS; D. Giraud, MS; J.A. Albrecht, PhD, RD; Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE LEARNING OUTCOME: This study was designed to estimate overall legume intake among childbearing aged women in the rural area of Tajikistan and to understand the link between nutrient intake (iron and folate) and general health status. TEXT: Legume (beans, peas, and lentils) intake among women of childbearing age living in “vilojati” (region) Khatlon of Tajikistan was investigated as a source of folate and iron; since, the fortification process is costly and not established in Tajikistan. Legumes are accessible to all, easy to grow in Tajik regions, inexpensive, taste good, and can be good sources of iron and folate. A representative sample of 151 Tajik women between 19 and 41 years old completed a confidential survey that included demographic information and ten questions on legumes. Anthropometric and skinfold measurements of 100 representative women were collected with body mass index (kg/m2) of 22.83 ⫾ 5.27, waist circumference (cm) of 74.75 ⫾ 12.16, and sum of three skinfolds (triceps, thigh and suprailiac) (mm) of 60.10 ⫾ 19.32. Overall, 22% of the participants were underweight, 20% overweight, and 12% obese. Although consumption of legumes in the Tajik diet was at least two to three times per week (65%), which suggests a positive dietary approach, the specific amount is unknown. Due to food insecurity in rural areas of Tajikistan, nutrition education is needed to help women to maintain health with available foods such as legumes. Because of the coexistence of underweight and overweight status that may cause various health problems, more attention needs to be given from nutrition and health care professionals in rural areas of Tajikistan. FUNDING DISCLOSURE: University of Nebraska-Lincoln Agricultural Research Division
TITLE: DIFFERENCE IN NUTRIENT INTAKE BETWEEN BLACK AND WHITE ADULTS 50 YEARS AND OLDER IN THE UNITED STATES
TITLE: POST GASTRIC BYPASS PATIENT AND A MULTIPLE GESTATION PREGNANCY: NUTRITIONAL IMPLICATIONS AND NEED FOR MORE RESEARCH
AUTHOR(S): N.A. Sistani, Ph.D., RD; A.P. Warren, MS, RD, LD; Alabama A&M University, AL
AUTHOR(S): S. L. Hancock, RD, CNSD; V.L. Emch, MS, RD
LEARNING OUTCOME: Professionals may use the results of this study as guidelines to educate customers to change their food consumption behaviors, fortified foodstuffs with the target nutrients, and provide dietary supplies. TEXT: Aging produces physiological changes that affect the required levels for several essential nutrients. Nutrient data collected in the 1994-96 Continuing Survey of Food Intake by Individuals (CSFII) were analyzed by age groups (50-59 years, 60-69, and 70 years or over) to identify percentages of at-risk individuals in each group with diets less than 100% Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs), and Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) levels, and to identify factors possibly affecting the nutrient intake of the elderly such as race. No age group met 100% of the RDA recommendation for energy. Mean intakes of vitamin B6, calcium, magnesium, and zinc were below the recommended values for all three groups. Race did not play a factor in nutrient intake of elderly individuals; both groups (black and white) suffered from the same deficits of intake and exhibited the same excesses of intake. In general, the mean nutrient intakes were slightly, but not significantly, higher for whites than blacks, except for vitamin C which were slightly higher for blacks. FUNDING DISCLOSURE: None
LEARNING OUTCOME: To recognize the need for more research in the assessment, recommendation and outcomes for women who have undergone gastric bypass and are now pregnant with multiple fetuses. TEXT: Obesity is a prevalent problem in today’s world. More and more people are turning to gastric bypass surgery as a solution to this problem, in fact over the last five years the number of surgeries has quadrupled with 170,000 surgeries being performed in 2005. Another issue in today’s world is treatment for infertility in women. Use of medications (such as Clomid) and other advances are being utilized including gastric bypass to treat infertility. It is only natural that clinicians will begin to see patients who have had gastric bypass surgery and who are pregnant with multiple fetuses. Recently a 25 year old female, 9 months post gastric bypass presents with quads to the high risk obstetrics floor. Developing an appropriate nutrition care plan to ensure optimal fetal growth was challenging, since there are no nutrition guidelines/recommendations for multiple gestation pregnancy after gastric bypass surgery. Estimating caloric, macro and micro nutrient needs was based on information obtained for multiple gestations, but did not take into account the altered absorption ability after gastric bypass surgery. Additional research is essential for developing nutrition recommendations for this unique patient population with special attention to altered absorption capacity, caloric needs and micronutrient requirements, as these patients are pre-disposed to deficiencies prior to conception. FUNDING DISCLOSURE: None
A-34 / August 2006 Suppl 2—Abstracts Volume 106 Number 8