- Email: [email protected]
Discriminant analysis of Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery-third edition
Abstructs@omthe 17thAnnualMeeting
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Batchelor,C. B., Stringer,A. Y., DeFilippis,N. A., & Hobbs,S. A. An AchromaticVersionof the WisconsinCard Sorting Test. The convergentvalidityof an alternativeversionof the WisconsinCard SortingTest was investigated.The WisconsinCard SortingTest-Achromatic(WCST-A)is based on dichromatic colors with the sortingoptionsof pattern, shape, and number.Both versionsof the WCSTwere administeredto 2 groups(n = 20) of subjects,NeurologicallyImpaired(NI) and NormalControls(NC),in a counter-balanceddesign.A neurocognitivescreening,Kaufman Short AssessmentProcedure,indicatedthat the group had significantlydifferentlevels of neurocognitivefunctioning.Covariateanalysisof age, education,race, and gendervariables revealedno significantdifferenceson outcomemeasures.ANOVAanalysisindicatedsignificantdifferencesbetweengroupson all measures,and significantcorrelationswere foundon all of these measures across test forms. The WCST-Ahad good specificity(90%) and selectivity(75%).WCST-Aappearsto be a viablealternativeto the WCST for color-blind populations,but furtherstudyis neededwith largerand more diversepopulations. Bayless,J. D., & Meyers,J. E. DichoticWordListeningTestPe~onnance and Side of Lesionin CVA. TheDichoticWordListeningTest,or DWLT(Auditecof St.Louis,1991)wasadministeredto a groupof 32 patientswith unilateralCVAS(Left= 17,Right= 15)as part of a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation.Using norms from Robertset al. (1994),dichoticlistening performanceswereevaluatedusingthreeindexscores:thenumberof wordsrepeatedcorrectlyin the Leftear,Rightear,and in Bothearssimultaneously. The testprovedhighlysensitiveto the presenceof unilaterallesion,with90.6%of CVApatientsperformingdefectivelyin at leastone dichoticindexscore.Normalscoreswereseeninonlythreepatientsofthetotalsample,eachwith a left sidedlesion.Whileall meanindexscoreswerein the impairedrange,rightCVApatients performedsignificantlylower in Lefi and Both ear index scores.There were no significant differencesin Righteasindexscorebasedon lesionside. Performanceswere also evaluatedin termsof suppression(unilateralvs. bilateraldefect). As expected,right ear suppressionswere very uncommon,occurringin only two patients (6.25%); one of these patients was left handed, the suppressionprovidingevidence for atypicalcerebral dominancefor language.The other patients with abnormalsuppression demonstratedunilateralleft (40.6%)and bilateral(43.8%)suppressions. Currentresultssuggestthat the DWLTis an easilyadministered,yet highlysensitiveand clinicallyusefulmeasureof cerebralintegrityin patientswith historyof stroke. Bradley,J. D., Teichner,G., Crum,T. A., & Golden,C. DiscriminantAnalysisof Luria-NebraskaNeuropsychologicalBattery-ThirdEdition. This study examined the ability of the Luria-NebraskaNeuropsychologicalBattery-III (LNNB-111) to discriminatethreepopulations:a normalcontrolgroup (n = 25),a braininjury groupconsistingof patientssufferingfromvariousformsof braininjury(n = 29),anda group of clientswithmooddisorders(n= 22).It washypothesizedthatthe subtestsof theLNNB-111 woulddifferentiatebetweenpatientsin the dementiahtrokeand headinjuredconditionsfrom those in the mood disorderedand normal conditions.One-way ANOVA’sand post-hoc comparisonsdemonstratedsignificantdifferencesbetween brain injured and non brain injured(normalsand mooddisordered)subjects.The scaleswhich showedthe best discriminationamongthe groupsincludedFiguralMemory(F(2,73)= 23.349,p < .001),Figural MemoryDelayed(F(2,73)= 19.336,p < .001),RecognitionDelayed(F(2,73)= 20.056,p < .001), Visual Identification(F(2,73) = 9.891,p < .001), Visual IntellectualAnalysis (F(2,73)= 9.984,p < .001),andVisualSpatialAnalysis(F(2,73)= 15.004,p < .001).Scales whichshowedthe leastdiscriminationwere generallythosescaleswhichmeasuredthe more
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18
Abstractsfrom the 17thAnnualMeeting
basic and overlearnedskills acquired during one’s lifetime includingExpressiveSpeech (F(2,73) = .495,p > .05), PhonemicDiscrimination(F(2,73) = .794,p > .05), Reading Recognition(F(2,73)= .925,p > .05), and Spelling(F(2,73)= .277,p > .05). Using only thetop six scales,a discriminantanalysiswascalculatedbetweenthebraininjuredclientsand a joint psychiatric/normalgroup.The six subtestsyieldedan overallhit rate of 8390in the brain injuredsampleand 82Y0in the mixedcontrolgroup.The implicationsof theseresults for future studiesand the clinicaluse of the LNNB-111in these populationsare discussed. Burton,D. B., Evans,C. C., Naugle,R. I., & Chelune,G. J. WhatDoes the RAVLTMeasure?A StructuralEquationAnalysisof Memory,Learning,and Higher Executive Functioning, A maximumlikelihoodconfirmatoryfactoranalysiswasperformedby applyingLISRELVII to a test batte~ includingmeasuresfrom the WechslerMemory Scale-Revised(WMS-R) (Generaland DelayedMemoryIndexes),the Rey AuditoryVerbalLearningTest (RAVLT) (trial 1, total trials 1 through 5, and recognition),and the WisconsinCard Sorting Test (WCST) (categoriescompleted,perseverativeerrors, total number correct) in a heterogeneoussampleof patientswhohad beenreferredfor surgicaltreatmentof intractableepilepsy. The sampleconsistedof 150pre-surgicalpatientswitha meanageof 29.00years(SD= 7.79) and a mean educationlevel of 12.88(SD = 2.32). Competinglatent variablemodelswere identifiedwith the goal of empiricallydeterminingwhether the RAVLTis a measure of higher executive functioning,memory, or a separate learning construct.Analyses were designedto determinewhichof six hypothesizedobliquefactorsolutionscouldbest explain the pattern of latent variabilityin the test battery.Findingssupporteda three-factormodel (AGFI = .885) includingDeclarativeMemory,Higher ExecutiveFunctions,and Learning (i.e.,RAVLTindices).OurresultssuggestthattheWMS-RandRAVLTmeasurequalitatively differentaspectsof memoryin a sampleof patientswith intractableepilepsy.Additionally, the RAVLTappearsto measurean empiricallydistinctconstructfrom the WCST,which is commonlyregardedto be a measureof higherexecutivefunctioning. Barkemeyer,C. A., SantaMaria,M. P., Browndyke,J. N., CallOn,E. B., &Dunn, A. M. The CoinRotationTask:A Convenientand SensitiveMeasureof Fine Motor Control. Thecoinrotationtask(CR)is a sensitive,efficacious,convenient,andcost-effectivemeasureof finemotorcoordination. In CR,participantsrotatea cointhroughserial180-degreeturnsusingthe fist threefingers.A previousstudyexaminednormalandpost-CVAmaleveteransages41–74. In the currentstudy,we soughtto validateCR on a heterogeneousneurologically-impaired clinicalpopulationof both sexesand of increasedage range.Participantsincludeda random sampleof 97 neurologyclinicoutpatients;controlsincludedunmedicated,education-matched volunteers,withoutnecrologichistories,recruitedfrom a waitingarea in the same hospital. Participantswere administeredCR, GroovedPegboard(GP), FingerTappingTest, and Grip StrengthTest. Resultssuggestthe utility of the CR for the neurologyclinic sample,and specificallyfora seizuredisordersubsarnple(n = 32),as wellasforcontrols(n = 79).Ofprimary interestwas the inversecorrelationbetweentotalrotationson CR and GP totaltime,bilaterally for the clinicalsample(dominantside:r = –.62, p < .001;nondominantside:r = –.54, p < .001),as well as specificallyfor the seizuredisordersubsample,and the controlsample.More specificfindingsare presentedand discussed. Cirino,P., Morris,M., & Morris,R. ExploratoryFactor Analysisof a ComprehensiveNeuropsychologicalBattery. Three-hundredcollegestudentsfrom a university-basedclinicfor the assessmentof learning disorderscomprisedthe participantsin this study.Each studentreceived a comprehensive
—.
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Batchelor,C. B., Stringer,A. Y., DeFilippis,N. A., & Hobbs,S. A. An AchromaticVersionof the WisconsinCard Sorting Test. The convergentvalidityof an alternativeversionof the WisconsinCard SortingTest was investigated.The WisconsinCard SortingTest-Achromatic(WCST-A)is based on dichromatic colors with the sortingoptionsof pattern, shape, and number.Both versionsof the WCSTwere administeredto 2 groups(n = 20) of subjects,NeurologicallyImpaired(NI) and NormalControls(NC),in a counter-balanceddesign.A neurocognitivescreening,Kaufman Short AssessmentProcedure,indicatedthat the group had significantlydifferentlevels of neurocognitivefunctioning.Covariateanalysisof age, education,race, and gendervariables revealedno significantdifferenceson outcomemeasures.ANOVAanalysisindicatedsignificantdifferencesbetweengroupson all measures,and significantcorrelationswere foundon all of these measures across test forms. The WCST-Ahad good specificity(90%) and selectivity(75%).WCST-Aappearsto be a viablealternativeto the WCST for color-blind populations,but furtherstudyis neededwith largerand more diversepopulations. Bayless,J. D., & Meyers,J. E. DichoticWordListeningTestPe~onnance and Side of Lesionin CVA. TheDichoticWordListeningTest,or DWLT(Auditecof St.Louis,1991)wasadministeredto a groupof 32 patientswith unilateralCVAS(Left= 17,Right= 15)as part of a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation.Using norms from Robertset al. (1994),dichoticlistening performanceswereevaluatedusingthreeindexscores:thenumberof wordsrepeatedcorrectlyin the Leftear,Rightear,and in Bothearssimultaneously. The testprovedhighlysensitiveto the presenceof unilaterallesion,with90.6%of CVApatientsperformingdefectivelyin at leastone dichoticindexscore.Normalscoreswereseeninonlythreepatientsofthetotalsample,eachwith a left sidedlesion.Whileall meanindexscoreswerein the impairedrange,rightCVApatients performedsignificantlylower in Lefi and Both ear index scores.There were no significant differencesin Righteasindexscorebasedon lesionside. Performanceswere also evaluatedin termsof suppression(unilateralvs. bilateraldefect). As expected,right ear suppressionswere very uncommon,occurringin only two patients (6.25%); one of these patients was left handed, the suppressionprovidingevidence for atypicalcerebral dominancefor language.The other patients with abnormalsuppression demonstratedunilateralleft (40.6%)and bilateral(43.8%)suppressions. Currentresultssuggestthat the DWLTis an easilyadministered,yet highlysensitiveand clinicallyusefulmeasureof cerebralintegrityin patientswith historyof stroke. Bradley,J. D., Teichner,G., Crum,T. A., & Golden,C. DiscriminantAnalysisof Luria-NebraskaNeuropsychologicalBattery-ThirdEdition. This study examined the ability of the Luria-NebraskaNeuropsychologicalBattery-III (LNNB-111) to discriminatethreepopulations:a normalcontrolgroup (n = 25),a braininjury groupconsistingof patientssufferingfromvariousformsof braininjury(n = 29),anda group of clientswithmooddisorders(n= 22).It washypothesizedthatthe subtestsof theLNNB-111 woulddifferentiatebetweenpatientsin the dementiahtrokeand headinjuredconditionsfrom those in the mood disorderedand normal conditions.One-way ANOVA’sand post-hoc comparisonsdemonstratedsignificantdifferencesbetween brain injured and non brain injured(normalsand mooddisordered)subjects.The scaleswhich showedthe best discriminationamongthe groupsincludedFiguralMemory(F(2,73)= 23.349,p < .001),Figural MemoryDelayed(F(2,73)= 19.336,p < .001),RecognitionDelayed(F(2,73)= 20.056,p < .001), Visual Identification(F(2,73) = 9.891,p < .001), Visual IntellectualAnalysis (F(2,73)= 9.984,p < .001),andVisualSpatialAnalysis(F(2,73)= 15.004,p < .001).Scales whichshowedthe leastdiscriminationwere generallythosescaleswhichmeasuredthe more
—.
18
Abstractsfrom the 17thAnnualMeeting
basic and overlearnedskills acquired during one’s lifetime includingExpressiveSpeech (F(2,73) = .495,p > .05), PhonemicDiscrimination(F(2,73) = .794,p > .05), Reading Recognition(F(2,73)= .925,p > .05), and Spelling(F(2,73)= .277,p > .05). Using only thetop six scales,a discriminantanalysiswascalculatedbetweenthebraininjuredclientsand a joint psychiatric/normalgroup.The six subtestsyieldedan overallhit rate of 8390in the brain injuredsampleand 82Y0in the mixedcontrolgroup.The implicationsof theseresults for future studiesand the clinicaluse of the LNNB-111in these populationsare discussed. Burton,D. B., Evans,C. C., Naugle,R. I., & Chelune,G. J. WhatDoes the RAVLTMeasure?A StructuralEquationAnalysisof Memory,Learning,and Higher Executive Functioning, A maximumlikelihoodconfirmatoryfactoranalysiswasperformedby applyingLISRELVII to a test batte~ includingmeasuresfrom the WechslerMemory Scale-Revised(WMS-R) (Generaland DelayedMemoryIndexes),the Rey AuditoryVerbalLearningTest (RAVLT) (trial 1, total trials 1 through 5, and recognition),and the WisconsinCard Sorting Test (WCST) (categoriescompleted,perseverativeerrors, total number correct) in a heterogeneoussampleof patientswhohad beenreferredfor surgicaltreatmentof intractableepilepsy. The sampleconsistedof 150pre-surgicalpatientswitha meanageof 29.00years(SD= 7.79) and a mean educationlevel of 12.88(SD = 2.32). Competinglatent variablemodelswere identifiedwith the goal of empiricallydeterminingwhether the RAVLTis a measure of higher executive functioning,memory, or a separate learning construct.Analyses were designedto determinewhichof six hypothesizedobliquefactorsolutionscouldbest explain the pattern of latent variabilityin the test battery.Findingssupporteda three-factormodel (AGFI = .885) includingDeclarativeMemory,Higher ExecutiveFunctions,and Learning (i.e.,RAVLTindices).OurresultssuggestthattheWMS-RandRAVLTmeasurequalitatively differentaspectsof memoryin a sampleof patientswith intractableepilepsy.Additionally, the RAVLTappearsto measurean empiricallydistinctconstructfrom the WCST,which is commonlyregardedto be a measureof higherexecutivefunctioning. Barkemeyer,C. A., SantaMaria,M. P., Browndyke,J. N., CallOn,E. B., &Dunn, A. M. The CoinRotationTask:A Convenientand SensitiveMeasureof Fine Motor Control. Thecoinrotationtask(CR)is a sensitive,efficacious,convenient,andcost-effectivemeasureof finemotorcoordination. In CR,participantsrotatea cointhroughserial180-degreeturnsusingthe fist threefingers.A previousstudyexaminednormalandpost-CVAmaleveteransages41–74. In the currentstudy,we soughtto validateCR on a heterogeneousneurologically-impaired clinicalpopulationof both sexesand of increasedage range.Participantsincludeda random sampleof 97 neurologyclinicoutpatients;controlsincludedunmedicated,education-matched volunteers,withoutnecrologichistories,recruitedfrom a waitingarea in the same hospital. Participantswere administeredCR, GroovedPegboard(GP), FingerTappingTest, and Grip StrengthTest. Resultssuggestthe utility of the CR for the neurologyclinic sample,and specificallyfora seizuredisordersubsarnple(n = 32),as wellasforcontrols(n = 79).Ofprimary interestwas the inversecorrelationbetweentotalrotationson CR and GP totaltime,bilaterally for the clinicalsample(dominantside:r = –.62, p < .001;nondominantside:r = –.54, p < .001),as well as specificallyfor the seizuredisordersubsample,and the controlsample.More specificfindingsare presentedand discussed. Cirino,P., Morris,M., & Morris,R. ExploratoryFactor Analysisof a ComprehensiveNeuropsychologicalBattery. Three-hundredcollegestudentsfrom a university-basedclinicfor the assessmentof learning disorderscomprisedthe participantsin this study.Each studentreceived a comprehensive
—.