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Discussion by Gary Williams
Modelling river-bank-erosion processes and mass failure mechanisms
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Thorne, C.R., Tovey, N.K., 1981. Stability of composite river banks. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 6, 469–484. Thorne, S.D., Furbish, D.J., 1995. Influences of coarse bank roughness on flow within a sharply curved river bend. Geomorphology 12, 241–257. Tolhurst, T.J., Black, K.S., Shayler, S.A., et al., 1999. Measuring the in situ erosion shear strength of intertidal sediments with the Cohesive Strength Meter (CSM). Estuarine, Coastal Shelf Sci. 49, 281–294. Van De Wiel, M.J., Darby, S.E., 2004. Numerical modeling of bed topography and bank erosion along tree-lined meandering rivers. In: Bennett, S.J. and Simon, A. (Eds), Riparian Vegetation and Fluvial Geomorphology. American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, pp. 267–282. Van Eerdt, M.M., 1985. Salt marsh cliff stability in the Oosterschelde. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 10, 95–106. Walling, D.E., Owens, P.N., Leeks, G.J.L., 1999. Fingerprinting suspended sediment sources in the catchment of the River Ouse, Yorkshire, UK. Hydrol. Process. 13, 955–975. Wiberg, N.E., Koponen, M., Runesson, K., 2005. Finite element analysis of progressive failure in long slopes. Int. J. Numer. Anal. Met. 14 (9), 599–612. Wu, T.H., McKinnell, W.P., Swanston, D.N., 1979. Strength of tree roots and landslides on Prince of Wales Island, Alaska. Can. Geotech. J. 16 (1), 19–33.
Discussion by Gary Williams The bank-erosion model has been based on an actual river bank. Presumably actual bank retreat was measured for a given rainfall and flood hydrograph. How was the erosion model calibrated against actual bank retreat? What was adjusted to fit, and why was that adjustment approach used?
Reply by the authors In the erosion model, the erodibility coefficient of the basal packed gravel is the calibration parameter, being defined by forcing best agreement between calculated and measured final bank toe retreat at the end of the simulation. This is done because reliable methods for measuring erodibility parameters for the packed gravel are not available.
239
Thorne, C.R., Tovey, N.K., 1981. Stability of composite river banks. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 6, 469–484. Thorne, S.D., Furbish, D.J., 1995. Influences of coarse bank roughness on flow within a sharply curved river bend. Geomorphology 12, 241–257. Tolhurst, T.J., Black, K.S., Shayler, S.A., et al., 1999. Measuring the in situ erosion shear strength of intertidal sediments with the Cohesive Strength Meter (CSM). Estuarine, Coastal Shelf Sci. 49, 281–294. Van De Wiel, M.J., Darby, S.E., 2004. Numerical modeling of bed topography and bank erosion along tree-lined meandering rivers. In: Bennett, S.J. and Simon, A. (Eds), Riparian Vegetation and Fluvial Geomorphology. American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, pp. 267–282. Van Eerdt, M.M., 1985. Salt marsh cliff stability in the Oosterschelde. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 10, 95–106. Walling, D.E., Owens, P.N., Leeks, G.J.L., 1999. Fingerprinting suspended sediment sources in the catchment of the River Ouse, Yorkshire, UK. Hydrol. Process. 13, 955–975. Wiberg, N.E., Koponen, M., Runesson, K., 2005. Finite element analysis of progressive failure in long slopes. Int. J. Numer. Anal. Met. 14 (9), 599–612. Wu, T.H., McKinnell, W.P., Swanston, D.N., 1979. Strength of tree roots and landslides on Prince of Wales Island, Alaska. Can. Geotech. J. 16 (1), 19–33.
Discussion by Gary Williams The bank-erosion model has been based on an actual river bank. Presumably actual bank retreat was measured for a given rainfall and flood hydrograph. How was the erosion model calibrated against actual bank retreat? What was adjusted to fit, and why was that adjustment approach used?
Reply by the authors In the erosion model, the erodibility coefficient of the basal packed gravel is the calibration parameter, being defined by forcing best agreement between calculated and measured final bank toe retreat at the end of the simulation. This is done because reliable methods for measuring erodibility parameters for the packed gravel are not available.