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Distinct miRNA expression profiles between decidual and circulating NK cells during early pregnancy
Abstracts / Placenta 34 (2013) A1–A17
Abstract
No.29
Objective: Villitis is used to describe the situation where the mother's Tcells attack the villi. When the cause of Villitis is unknown, it is termed Villitis of Unknown Etiology (VUE). VUE leads to the loss of villi which is why babies born with villitis are usually smaller and in more distress than those who are born normally. In this study, I devised a new system of grading based upon how villi are affected. This paper intends to report my findings. Methods: I reexamined 1,000 placentas over a 2 year period. In each case, I observed 4 specimens of parenchyma. I've divided each level of VUE into 3 grades based upon observations of 4 specimens per cases; Up to 100instances of VUE is Grade 1. From 100 - 300 instances of VUE is Grade 2. Over 300 instances of VUE is Grade 3. I'll be referring to clinical documents that were requested by clinicians to determine Fetus and mother conditions during pregnancy and delivery. Results: There were 55 cases (5.5%). I diagnosed 36 cases of Grade 1, 9 cases of Grade 2, 10 cases of Grade 3. There are 23 cases (41.8%) that had PIH (Pregnancy induced hypertension) or SFD (small for gestational day). Grade 1:9 cases (25%), Grade 2: 7cases (77.8%), Grade 3:7cases (70%). Gestational DM or DM are complicated with 10 cases. Conclusion: It was noticed in the clinical pictures that if the spread increased and caused placental dysfunction, the villi affected by VUE were severely damaged. The cause of VUE in regards to development can be found in clinical pictures. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.placenta.2013.07.040
No.28 CONTRIBUTION OF HYPOXIC STIMULATION ON INVASION AND UPASYSTEM OF PRIMARY EXTRAVILLOUS TROPHOBLAST Taihei Tsunemi 1, Katsuhiko Naruse 1, Akira Onogi 2, Juria Akasaka 1, Chiharu Uekuri 1, Natsuki Koike 1, Masayoshi Akasaki 3, Hiroshi Kobayashi 1 1
Obstetrics & Gynecology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan; Gyoumeikan Hospital, Osaka, Japan; 3 AKASAKI Clinic, Nara, Japan
A11
2
Osaka
DISTINCT MIRNA EXPRESSION PROFILES BETWEEN DECIDUAL AND CIRCULATING NK CELLS DURING EARLY PREGNANCY Hiroshi Yoshitake 1, Kazuya Yuge 1, Jun Iwaki 1, Kumiko Inada 2, Tomoko Shima 2, Toshiyuki Takeshita 3, Shigeru Saito 2, Toshihiro Takizawa 1 1 Department of Molecular Medicine and Anatomy, Nippon Medical School Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; 2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan; 3 Department of Reproductive Medicine, Perinatology and Gynecologic Oncology, Nippon Medical School Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
Abstract Peripheral blood Natural killer (pNK) cells are cells of the innate immune system and play a critical role in early defense against pathogens and malignancy. During human early pregnancy, NK cells exist in decidua as well as in peripheral blood, suggesting that decidual NK (dNK) cells play an important role in the maintenance of early pregnancy. However, the expression and function of miRNAs within dNK cells remain to be clarified. To investigate the expression patterns of miRNAs within dNK and pNK cells, we performed a quantitative PCRbased array analysis of these cells obtained from placenta and peripheral blood of early pregnant women who gave informed consent. Among the 754 miRNAs examined, we found 392 and 219 miRNAs in dNK and pNK cells, respectively. Of the identified miRNAs, 212 miRNAs were upregulated in dNK cells more than 2.0-fold in pNK cells, whereas downregulation of miRNAs in dNK cells was not observed. We detected 37 placenta-specific miRNAs derived from the chromosome 19 microRNA cluster (C19MC) in dNK cells. Among the C19MC-miRNAs identified in this study, 21 miRNAs were upregulated in dNK cells, compared to pNK cells. These results suggest that the placenta-specific miRNAs are taken into dNK cells more than pNK cells and play a role to support pregnancy during early pregnancy. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.placenta.2013.07.042
No.30
Abstract Problem: The process of extravillous trophoblast cell (EVT) invasion into uterine endometrium is critical for a successful pregnancy. Impaired invasion of EVT is implicated in several complications, such as preeclampsia. EVT invasion in early pregnancy progresses under low-oxygen environment. Also, the urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) system is regarded to be implicated in EVT invasion. In this study, we investigated uPA, uPA receptor (uPAR), plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) -1 and hypoxia-induced factor (HIF) -1alpha expression by primary EVTs in normal or hypo/ hyperoxic condition, and examined whether uPA system contributes to the fair placental development in a low - oxygen environment. Methods: Placental samples (5-9 weeks gestation) were obtained from patients with artificial abortion after written informed consent. Cytotrophoblast was separated with PercollR-based method and cultured on MatrigelR for 24 hours to obtain invasive phenotype (EVT like cell). The culture was performed under 20% oxygen, 5%, and 5% that repeated three times of hypoxic stimulation for one hour (0.1%). The invasion capacity was investigated. Expression of uPA, uPAR, PAI-1 and HIF-1alpha protein on EVT was measured by western blot. Results: Invasion of the EVT cells was significantly increased in low oxygen condition. The production of uPA, uPAR, PAI-1 and HIF protein were increased in low oxygen condition. Conclusion: The regulation of the uPA system by HIF-1alpha may contribute to fair trophoblast invasion in early human pregnancy. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.placenta.2013.07.041
POORLY DEFINED VILLOUS VESSEL LESIONS: CHORANGIOMATOSIS AND CHORANGIOSIS
CHORANGIOMA,
Masayoshi Arizawa Tokyo Metropolitan Ohtsuka Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
Abstract Purpose: The definition of Chorangioma (CA), Chorangiomatosis (CM) and Chorangiosis (CO) is poorly understood. I diagnose CA or CM as a neoplastic condition, and CO as a reactive increase in number of villous vessel by hypoxia. In this study I confirm the definition of CA and CM, and make clear the pathological pictures of CO. Material: I examined 1,000 placenta cases over a 2 year period. In each case, I examined more than 4 slides of placenta parenchyma. From the pathological view, CA is a proliferation of small vessels and stromal cells similar to CM. Before my study only the differentiation between CA and CM was whether nodular were solitary or multiple. Results: I diagnosed CA (n¼9), CM (n¼10) and CO (n¼32). I reviewed 51cases of villous vessels lesions. CA develops from stem villi, CM develops from intermediate villi, both vascular lesions revealed a capillary channel increase, stromal cells hyperplasia and trophoblast proliferation. Small CA are generally considered clinically insignificant, but one case of CA was present in this series, it has been found to cause
Abstract
No.29
Objective: Villitis is used to describe the situation where the mother's Tcells attack the villi. When the cause of Villitis is unknown, it is termed Villitis of Unknown Etiology (VUE). VUE leads to the loss of villi which is why babies born with villitis are usually smaller and in more distress than those who are born normally. In this study, I devised a new system of grading based upon how villi are affected. This paper intends to report my findings. Methods: I reexamined 1,000 placentas over a 2 year period. In each case, I observed 4 specimens of parenchyma. I've divided each level of VUE into 3 grades based upon observations of 4 specimens per cases; Up to 100instances of VUE is Grade 1. From 100 - 300 instances of VUE is Grade 2. Over 300 instances of VUE is Grade 3. I'll be referring to clinical documents that were requested by clinicians to determine Fetus and mother conditions during pregnancy and delivery. Results: There were 55 cases (5.5%). I diagnosed 36 cases of Grade 1, 9 cases of Grade 2, 10 cases of Grade 3. There are 23 cases (41.8%) that had PIH (Pregnancy induced hypertension) or SFD (small for gestational day). Grade 1:9 cases (25%), Grade 2: 7cases (77.8%), Grade 3:7cases (70%). Gestational DM or DM are complicated with 10 cases. Conclusion: It was noticed in the clinical pictures that if the spread increased and caused placental dysfunction, the villi affected by VUE were severely damaged. The cause of VUE in regards to development can be found in clinical pictures. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.placenta.2013.07.040
No.28 CONTRIBUTION OF HYPOXIC STIMULATION ON INVASION AND UPASYSTEM OF PRIMARY EXTRAVILLOUS TROPHOBLAST Taihei Tsunemi 1, Katsuhiko Naruse 1, Akira Onogi 2, Juria Akasaka 1, Chiharu Uekuri 1, Natsuki Koike 1, Masayoshi Akasaki 3, Hiroshi Kobayashi 1 1
Obstetrics & Gynecology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan; Gyoumeikan Hospital, Osaka, Japan; 3 AKASAKI Clinic, Nara, Japan
A11
2
Osaka
DISTINCT MIRNA EXPRESSION PROFILES BETWEEN DECIDUAL AND CIRCULATING NK CELLS DURING EARLY PREGNANCY Hiroshi Yoshitake 1, Kazuya Yuge 1, Jun Iwaki 1, Kumiko Inada 2, Tomoko Shima 2, Toshiyuki Takeshita 3, Shigeru Saito 2, Toshihiro Takizawa 1 1 Department of Molecular Medicine and Anatomy, Nippon Medical School Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; 2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan; 3 Department of Reproductive Medicine, Perinatology and Gynecologic Oncology, Nippon Medical School Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
Abstract Peripheral blood Natural killer (pNK) cells are cells of the innate immune system and play a critical role in early defense against pathogens and malignancy. During human early pregnancy, NK cells exist in decidua as well as in peripheral blood, suggesting that decidual NK (dNK) cells play an important role in the maintenance of early pregnancy. However, the expression and function of miRNAs within dNK cells remain to be clarified. To investigate the expression patterns of miRNAs within dNK and pNK cells, we performed a quantitative PCRbased array analysis of these cells obtained from placenta and peripheral blood of early pregnant women who gave informed consent. Among the 754 miRNAs examined, we found 392 and 219 miRNAs in dNK and pNK cells, respectively. Of the identified miRNAs, 212 miRNAs were upregulated in dNK cells more than 2.0-fold in pNK cells, whereas downregulation of miRNAs in dNK cells was not observed. We detected 37 placenta-specific miRNAs derived from the chromosome 19 microRNA cluster (C19MC) in dNK cells. Among the C19MC-miRNAs identified in this study, 21 miRNAs were upregulated in dNK cells, compared to pNK cells. These results suggest that the placenta-specific miRNAs are taken into dNK cells more than pNK cells and play a role to support pregnancy during early pregnancy. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.placenta.2013.07.042
No.30
Abstract Problem: The process of extravillous trophoblast cell (EVT) invasion into uterine endometrium is critical for a successful pregnancy. Impaired invasion of EVT is implicated in several complications, such as preeclampsia. EVT invasion in early pregnancy progresses under low-oxygen environment. Also, the urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) system is regarded to be implicated in EVT invasion. In this study, we investigated uPA, uPA receptor (uPAR), plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) -1 and hypoxia-induced factor (HIF) -1alpha expression by primary EVTs in normal or hypo/ hyperoxic condition, and examined whether uPA system contributes to the fair placental development in a low - oxygen environment. Methods: Placental samples (5-9 weeks gestation) were obtained from patients with artificial abortion after written informed consent. Cytotrophoblast was separated with PercollR-based method and cultured on MatrigelR for 24 hours to obtain invasive phenotype (EVT like cell). The culture was performed under 20% oxygen, 5%, and 5% that repeated three times of hypoxic stimulation for one hour (0.1%). The invasion capacity was investigated. Expression of uPA, uPAR, PAI-1 and HIF-1alpha protein on EVT was measured by western blot. Results: Invasion of the EVT cells was significantly increased in low oxygen condition. The production of uPA, uPAR, PAI-1 and HIF protein were increased in low oxygen condition. Conclusion: The regulation of the uPA system by HIF-1alpha may contribute to fair trophoblast invasion in early human pregnancy. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.placenta.2013.07.041
POORLY DEFINED VILLOUS VESSEL LESIONS: CHORANGIOMATOSIS AND CHORANGIOSIS
CHORANGIOMA,
Masayoshi Arizawa Tokyo Metropolitan Ohtsuka Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
Abstract Purpose: The definition of Chorangioma (CA), Chorangiomatosis (CM) and Chorangiosis (CO) is poorly understood. I diagnose CA or CM as a neoplastic condition, and CO as a reactive increase in number of villous vessel by hypoxia. In this study I confirm the definition of CA and CM, and make clear the pathological pictures of CO. Material: I examined 1,000 placenta cases over a 2 year period. In each case, I examined more than 4 slides of placenta parenchyma. From the pathological view, CA is a proliferation of small vessels and stromal cells similar to CM. Before my study only the differentiation between CA and CM was whether nodular were solitary or multiple. Results: I diagnosed CA (n¼9), CM (n¼10) and CO (n¼32). I reviewed 51cases of villous vessels lesions. CA develops from stem villi, CM develops from intermediate villi, both vascular lesions revealed a capillary channel increase, stromal cells hyperplasia and trophoblast proliferation. Small CA are generally considered clinically insignificant, but one case of CA was present in this series, it has been found to cause