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Diurnal grazing of phytoplankton in the Black Sea by the copepod Calanus helgolandicus (Claus)
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Oceanographic Abstract,,
a greater supply o f pyroclastic material. This justifies the division o f the andesitic zone into two subzones : western a n d eastern. Mineral complexes o f these subzones are similar qualitatively, but differ by the contents o f s o m e c o m p o n e n t s in the pyroclastic material, which occurs in the sediments o f the western subzone. T h e second mineralogical province s u r r o u n d s the Hawaiian Islan~is. The Hawaiian series o f rocks is characteristic o f this province. In the mineral complex o f the sandy-aleuritic fractions hornblendes, o r t h o r h o m b i c pyroxenes a n d epidote are nearly completely absem. C!inopyroxene is to s o m e extent replaced by pigeonite. T h e c o m p o n e n t s o f the mineral complex are non-transparen) a s h particles, volcanic glass, plagioclases, ore minerals a n d clinopyroxenes. T h e third mineralogical province is essentially the area o f the deep-sea red clays. '[-he mineral complex o f its sandy-aleuritic fractions contains large a m o u n t s o f such authigenic minerals as ferricm a n g a n e s e hydroxide, phillipsitc, collophane (skeletal fish remains). The presence o f authigenic celestobarite is recorded locally (at the boundaries between red clays a n d calcareous sediments). There are also considerable a m o u n t s o f organic opal (mainly ra,:iiolarian shells), especially in the zone where there is subsiliceous radiolarian ooze. T h e f o u r t h mineralogical province corresponds to the zone of calcareous sediments, t~crc remains o f o r g a n i s m s with calcareous skeletons virtually replace the terrigenous a n d volcanic material in the sandy-aleuritic fraction. O f s o m e importance are the remains o f radiolarians, especially in thc belt adjacent to the zone o f radiolarian sediments. PETIPA T. S., 1965. Diurnal grazing o f p h y t o p l a n k t o n in the Black Sea by the copepod Calanus helgolandicus (Claus). (In R u s s i a n : English abstract). Zool. Zhurn., Akad. Nauk, SSSR, 44 (6): 844-854. The grazing o f p h y t o p l a n k t o n by a population o f Calanus he[go/andictts was studied. The diurnal food rations were calculated f r o m fluctuations in the fat supply. In J u n e 1959 the whole population o f C. helgolandicus grazed in the c o l u m n from 0 to 100 m 205"~ in dry weight o f its weight or 350,/, o f the standing crop o f algae. A n a t t e m p t is m a d e to determine the true production o f p h y t o p l a n k t o n in the sea. T h e causes o f different filtering rates in nature a n d in laboratory are discussed. PONOMARENKO J. P., 1965. Discovery o f a deep countercurrent at the equator in the Atlantic Ocean on research vessel " Mikhail L o m o n o s o v . " (In Russian; English abstract). Okeanolog.
Issled., Rez. lssled, po Programme Mezhd. Geofiz. Goda, Mezhd. Geo)qz. Komitet, Prezidiume Akad. Nauk, SSSR, No. 13: 77-81. The m e a s u r e m e n t s o f currents in the tropical zone o f the Atlantic Ocean by expeditions aboard R.V. Michael Lomonosov in 1959-1963 are reported here. T h e data revealed a strong deep countercurrent at the E q u a t o r between lat. 2°N a n d 2°S. This current was n a m e d after the great Russian scientist M. V. L o m o n o s o v . A n hypothesis was suggested for the origin o f the L o m o n o s o v deep countercurrent in the equatorial zone of the Atlantic ocean as due to the action o f the trade-winds since the main body o f deep waters with high salinity is formed near the coasts o f South Arnerica between lat. 16-22 S. PORTER GENE H. a n d MAURICE RATFRAY Jr., 1965. T h e influence o f ~ariable depth on steady zonal barotropic flow. Deutsche Hydro~,r. Zeits., 17 (4): 164-174. Solutions are obtained in frictionless, steady barotropic flow for tbc effect o f simple bathymetric features on an initially u n i f o r m zonal current. F o r flow towards the west, an infinitely long ridge or valley causes an infinite streamline deflection while for flow towards the east, either a n infinite deflection or a stationary R o s s b y wave pattern m a y occur. Several examples are given which illustrate the behaviour o f these waves. PRATT R. M., 1965. O c e a n - b o t t o m t o p o g r a p h y : the divide between the Nohm a n d ttatteras abyssal plains. Science, 148 (3677): 1598-1599. A compilation o f precision echo s o u n d i n g s has delineated the complex topography between the S o h m a n d H a t t e r a s abyssal plains off the Atlantic coast o f the United States. At present the divide between the two plains is a broad, flat area a b o u t 4950 m deep: however, the configuration o f channels a n d depressions suggests spillage o f turbidity currents from the S o h m Plain into the Hatteras Plain a n d a shifting o f the divide t o w a r d the northeast. H u d s o n C a n y o n terminates in the divide area a n d has probably fed sediment into both plains. RADZOKHOVSKAYA M. A., 1965. General features o f watcr structure o f the North Pacitic. (In R u s s i a n ; English abstract). Okeanolog. Issled., Rez. lssled, po Programme Mezhd. Geofiz. Goda, Mezhd. Geofiz. Kornitet, Prezidiurne Akad. Nauk, SSSR, No. 13: 41-46. A n a t t e m p t is m a d e here to pick out oceanic structures in the N o r t h Pacific and. s h o w their geographical distribution. A t the same time peculiarities o f this distribution are revealed. T-S curves a n d the m e a n a n n u a l data were used in the analysis for the typical winter (.February) a n d s u m m e r (August) m o n t h s .
Oceanographic Abstract,,
a greater supply o f pyroclastic material. This justifies the division o f the andesitic zone into two subzones : western a n d eastern. Mineral complexes o f these subzones are similar qualitatively, but differ by the contents o f s o m e c o m p o n e n t s in the pyroclastic material, which occurs in the sediments o f the western subzone. T h e second mineralogical province s u r r o u n d s the Hawaiian Islan~is. The Hawaiian series o f rocks is characteristic o f this province. In the mineral complex o f the sandy-aleuritic fractions hornblendes, o r t h o r h o m b i c pyroxenes a n d epidote are nearly completely absem. C!inopyroxene is to s o m e extent replaced by pigeonite. T h e c o m p o n e n t s o f the mineral complex are non-transparen) a s h particles, volcanic glass, plagioclases, ore minerals a n d clinopyroxenes. T h e third mineralogical province is essentially the area o f the deep-sea red clays. '[-he mineral complex o f its sandy-aleuritic fractions contains large a m o u n t s o f such authigenic minerals as ferricm a n g a n e s e hydroxide, phillipsitc, collophane (skeletal fish remains). The presence o f authigenic celestobarite is recorded locally (at the boundaries between red clays a n d calcareous sediments). There are also considerable a m o u n t s o f organic opal (mainly ra,:iiolarian shells), especially in the zone where there is subsiliceous radiolarian ooze. T h e f o u r t h mineralogical province corresponds to the zone of calcareous sediments, t~crc remains o f o r g a n i s m s with calcareous skeletons virtually replace the terrigenous a n d volcanic material in the sandy-aleuritic fraction. O f s o m e importance are the remains o f radiolarians, especially in thc belt adjacent to the zone o f radiolarian sediments. PETIPA T. S., 1965. Diurnal grazing o f p h y t o p l a n k t o n in the Black Sea by the copepod Calanus helgolandicus (Claus). (In R u s s i a n : English abstract). Zool. Zhurn., Akad. Nauk, SSSR, 44 (6): 844-854. The grazing o f p h y t o p l a n k t o n by a population o f Calanus he[go/andictts was studied. The diurnal food rations were calculated f r o m fluctuations in the fat supply. In J u n e 1959 the whole population o f C. helgolandicus grazed in the c o l u m n from 0 to 100 m 205"~ in dry weight o f its weight or 350,/, o f the standing crop o f algae. A n a t t e m p t is m a d e to determine the true production o f p h y t o p l a n k t o n in the sea. T h e causes o f different filtering rates in nature a n d in laboratory are discussed. PONOMARENKO J. P., 1965. Discovery o f a deep countercurrent at the equator in the Atlantic Ocean on research vessel " Mikhail L o m o n o s o v . " (In Russian; English abstract). Okeanolog.
Issled., Rez. lssled, po Programme Mezhd. Geofiz. Goda, Mezhd. Geo)qz. Komitet, Prezidiume Akad. Nauk, SSSR, No. 13: 77-81. The m e a s u r e m e n t s o f currents in the tropical zone o f the Atlantic Ocean by expeditions aboard R.V. Michael Lomonosov in 1959-1963 are reported here. T h e data revealed a strong deep countercurrent at the E q u a t o r between lat. 2°N a n d 2°S. This current was n a m e d after the great Russian scientist M. V. L o m o n o s o v . A n hypothesis was suggested for the origin o f the L o m o n o s o v deep countercurrent in the equatorial zone of the Atlantic ocean as due to the action o f the trade-winds since the main body o f deep waters with high salinity is formed near the coasts o f South Arnerica between lat. 16-22 S. PORTER GENE H. a n d MAURICE RATFRAY Jr., 1965. T h e influence o f ~ariable depth on steady zonal barotropic flow. Deutsche Hydro~,r. Zeits., 17 (4): 164-174. Solutions are obtained in frictionless, steady barotropic flow for tbc effect o f simple bathymetric features on an initially u n i f o r m zonal current. F o r flow towards the west, an infinitely long ridge or valley causes an infinite streamline deflection while for flow towards the east, either a n infinite deflection or a stationary R o s s b y wave pattern m a y occur. Several examples are given which illustrate the behaviour o f these waves. PRATT R. M., 1965. O c e a n - b o t t o m t o p o g r a p h y : the divide between the Nohm a n d ttatteras abyssal plains. Science, 148 (3677): 1598-1599. A compilation o f precision echo s o u n d i n g s has delineated the complex topography between the S o h m a n d H a t t e r a s abyssal plains off the Atlantic coast o f the United States. At present the divide between the two plains is a broad, flat area a b o u t 4950 m deep: however, the configuration o f channels a n d depressions suggests spillage o f turbidity currents from the S o h m Plain into the Hatteras Plain a n d a shifting o f the divide t o w a r d the northeast. H u d s o n C a n y o n terminates in the divide area a n d has probably fed sediment into both plains. RADZOKHOVSKAYA M. A., 1965. General features o f watcr structure o f the North Pacitic. (In R u s s i a n ; English abstract). Okeanolog. Issled., Rez. lssled, po Programme Mezhd. Geofiz. Goda, Mezhd. Geofiz. Kornitet, Prezidiurne Akad. Nauk, SSSR, No. 13: 41-46. A n a t t e m p t is m a d e here to pick out oceanic structures in the N o r t h Pacific and. s h o w their geographical distribution. A t the same time peculiarities o f this distribution are revealed. T-S curves a n d the m e a n a n n u a l data were used in the analysis for the typical winter (.February) a n d s u m m e r (August) m o n t h s .