- Email: [email protected]
Docosahexaenoic asid and cognition in elderly people living in community - A 4-year follow-up study
P282 P2-067
Poster Presentations P2 SHANGHAI COMMUNITY BRAIN HEALTH INITIATIVE (SCOBHI) PILOT STUDY: APOE FINDINGS
Amy R. Borenstein1, Ding Ding2, James A. Mortimer1, Gerard D. Schellenberg3, Charles DeCarli4, Qianhua Zhao2, Cathleen Copenhaver1, Qihao Guo2, Douglas Galasko5, David Salmon5, Qi Dai6, Yougui Wu1, Ronald Petersen7, Zhen Hong2, 1University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA; 2Fudan University, Shanghai, China; 3University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; 4 University of California-Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA; 5University of California-San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA; 6Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; 7Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. Contact e-mail: [email protected] Background: Previous studies have shown APOE e4 allele frequencies for MCI to be intermediate between normal controls and dementia cases. Frequencies also have been found to be somewhat lower in China than in the West. Methods: We conducted a pilot study of 32 normal controls, 30 amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and 34 dementia cases in Shanghai, China between May and November 2008. Cases were frequency matched to controls by age and sex. All participants had extensive risk factor evaluation in addition to a neurologic and neuropsychological evaluation and MRI. APOE testing was done by the standard Hixson-Vernier method. Results: Mean ages were 73.4 (sd¼5.5), 74.9 (sd¼3.9) and 74.3 (sd¼5.6) for controls, MCI and dementia cases, respectively. There were no e2e2 genotypes. APOE-e4 allele frequencies were 0.05 for controls, 0.18 for MCIs, and 0.15 for dementia cases. One or two APOE-e4 alleles were found in 6.3% of controls, 23.3% of MCIs and 26.5% of dementia cases. The odds ratios comparing dementia cases to controls and MCIs to controls were similar in strength (education-adjusted OR for dementia vs. controls¼5.64, 95% CI¼1.09-28.27; education-adjusted OR for MCI vs. controls ¼4.72, 95% CI¼0.88-25.22). APOE-e4 status was not associated with white matter hyperintensities (p¼0.38), but was marginally negatively associated with brain volume (r¼-0.20, p¼0.07) and ventricle size (r¼0.19, p¼0.07). Conclusions: APOE-e4 frequency was marginally higher in MCI than in dementia cases. In comparison with Caucasian samples, our Chinese elders had a lower frequency of the e4 allele and a higher frequency of the e3 allele. Despite this, APOE-e4 remained a strong risk factor for dementia and MCI. APOE-e4 status also was not associated with white matter hyperintensities but appeared to be associated with atrophy on MRI.
years). We identified a dietary pattern that explained second largest amount of the total variation (19%) in 7 nutrients, and was positively correlated with omega-3, omega-6, folate, and vitamin E, and negatively correlated with saturated fatty acid and vitamin B12 intakes. It was characterized by higher intakes of cruciferous vegetables, green-leafy vegetables, fish, nuts, salad dressing, tomato and a lower intake of high-fat dairy products. This dietary pattern was strongly associated with lower AD risk: when compared to the lowest dietary pattern score tertile, AD hazard ratios (95%CI) for the middle and highest tertiles were 0.77 (0.56-1.05) and 0.58 (0.40-0.84), respectively (p for trend < 0.01). Further adjustment for alcohol and vitamin supplements did not change the associations. Conclusions: Simultaneous consideration of multiple AD-related nutrients can aid in identification of dietary patterns that relate to AD risk. High intake of certain vegetables, fish, nuts, salad dressing and low intake of high fat dairy products seem to be protective regarding development of AD. P2-069
Ichie Matsumoto1, Kazuya Yamashita1, Ayako Matsuoka1, Kazumi Tahara1, Masanori Katakura2, Setsushi Kato3, Michio Hashimoto2, 1 The University of Shimane, Shimane Junior College, Izumo, Japan; 2 Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Dept. of Environmental Physiology, Izumo, Japan; 3Jinjukai Kato Hospital, Kawamoto, Japan. Contact e-mail: [email protected] Background: High intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) may protect against age- related cognitive decline. However, results from epidemiologic studies are inconclusive, and results from randomized trials in elderly subjects without dementia are lacking. Methods: To investigate and measure the relationships among cognitive function, nutrition, and fatty acid. 54 community-dwellers aged 65 years or older were recruited in two separate rural towns (fishing area and mountain area) in Shimane and were followed for 4 years. They were interviewed about their food habits and given a self-administered diet history questionnaire (DHQ). The Hasegawa dementia rating scale (HDS) was used to assess cognition. Results: There were significant changes over the 4 year period in HDS and fish consumption in all subjects. However, the subjects who showed improvement or no change in their HDS results consumed more DHA than those whose HDS results worsened. Conclusions: In this study, we observed beneficial effect of DHA on cognitive performance. P2-070
P2-068
A DIETARY PATTERN ASSOCIATED WITH REDUCED RISK OF ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE
Yian Gu1, Jeri W. Nieves2, Yaakov Stern1, Nicole Schupf1, Jose Luchsinger1, Nikolaos Scarmeas1, 1The Taub Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; 2Research Center, Helen Hayes Hospital, Route 9W, West Haverstraw, NY, USA. Contact e-mail: yg2121@columbia. edu Background: Because foods are not consumed in isolation, dietary patterns taking into account the interactions among food components may offer substantial advantages. Reduced-Rank Regression (RRR) is a multivariate method to extract dietary patterns that explain, as much as possible, the variation of nutrients that are believed to relate to disease risk. The association between extracted dietary patterns and disease risk can then be examined. Methods: 2136 community-based non-demented elderly (age > 65) in New York provided dietary information and were prospectively evaluated with the same standardized neurological and neuropsychological measures every w1.5 years. Using RRR we calculated dietary patterns (linear combinations of 33 food groups), based on their ability to explain variation in 7 AD-related nutrients (saturated fatty acid, monounsaturated fatty acid, omega-3, omega-6, vitamin E, vitamin B12, and folate). We then examined possible associations of the RRR-derived dietary patterns with AD risk using Cox proportional hazards model, adjusted for cohort, age, gender, body mass index, ethnicity, education, APOE genotype, and caloric intake. Results: A total of 251 subjects developed AD during the follow-up period (mean 3.9
DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ASID AND COGNITION IN ELDERLY PEOPLE LIVING IN COMMUNITY A 4-YEAR FOLLOW-UP STUDY
COMPARISON OF COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE AND DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS BETWEEN HIGH CARDIOVASCULAR RISK AND HEALTHY COMMUNITY ELDERLY GROUPS
Amanda L. Costa, Juliana S. Varela, Osmar Mazetti, Luciane Restelatto, De´bora Go¨tze, Andry F. Costa, Claudia Godinho, Ana Luiza Camozzato, Paulo D. Picon, Ma´rcia L. Chaves, Maria O. Cerveira, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. Contact e-mail: [email protected] Background: The aging of the population is a universal phenomenon with direct consequences upon the public health system. One of the main consequences of the growth of this sector of the population is the increase of the prevalence of disorders as dementia and depression which are very frequent among the elderly. Recently, the relation between cardiovascular risk factors, dementia and depression have been approached in many investigations. This study aims to evaluate the relation of cognitive performance and depressive symptoms with cardiovascular risk in the elderly. Methods: 94 high cardiovascular risk elderly patients and 160 healthy community elderly were evaluated cross-sectionaly. The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) were used for the main measures. The cutoff for presence of depression was 6 on GDS. Results: The high cardiovascular risk elderly group showed significant lower scores on MMSE (p<0.001) and was significantly associated to depression (p<0.001), independent on education. The logistic regression for depression as the dependent variable, age and group (healthy community or high cardiovascular risk
Poster Presentations P2 SHANGHAI COMMUNITY BRAIN HEALTH INITIATIVE (SCOBHI) PILOT STUDY: APOE FINDINGS
Amy R. Borenstein1, Ding Ding2, James A. Mortimer1, Gerard D. Schellenberg3, Charles DeCarli4, Qianhua Zhao2, Cathleen Copenhaver1, Qihao Guo2, Douglas Galasko5, David Salmon5, Qi Dai6, Yougui Wu1, Ronald Petersen7, Zhen Hong2, 1University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA; 2Fudan University, Shanghai, China; 3University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; 4 University of California-Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA; 5University of California-San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA; 6Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; 7Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. Contact e-mail: [email protected] Background: Previous studies have shown APOE e4 allele frequencies for MCI to be intermediate between normal controls and dementia cases. Frequencies also have been found to be somewhat lower in China than in the West. Methods: We conducted a pilot study of 32 normal controls, 30 amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and 34 dementia cases in Shanghai, China between May and November 2008. Cases were frequency matched to controls by age and sex. All participants had extensive risk factor evaluation in addition to a neurologic and neuropsychological evaluation and MRI. APOE testing was done by the standard Hixson-Vernier method. Results: Mean ages were 73.4 (sd¼5.5), 74.9 (sd¼3.9) and 74.3 (sd¼5.6) for controls, MCI and dementia cases, respectively. There were no e2e2 genotypes. APOE-e4 allele frequencies were 0.05 for controls, 0.18 for MCIs, and 0.15 for dementia cases. One or two APOE-e4 alleles were found in 6.3% of controls, 23.3% of MCIs and 26.5% of dementia cases. The odds ratios comparing dementia cases to controls and MCIs to controls were similar in strength (education-adjusted OR for dementia vs. controls¼5.64, 95% CI¼1.09-28.27; education-adjusted OR for MCI vs. controls ¼4.72, 95% CI¼0.88-25.22). APOE-e4 status was not associated with white matter hyperintensities (p¼0.38), but was marginally negatively associated with brain volume (r¼-0.20, p¼0.07) and ventricle size (r¼0.19, p¼0.07). Conclusions: APOE-e4 frequency was marginally higher in MCI than in dementia cases. In comparison with Caucasian samples, our Chinese elders had a lower frequency of the e4 allele and a higher frequency of the e3 allele. Despite this, APOE-e4 remained a strong risk factor for dementia and MCI. APOE-e4 status also was not associated with white matter hyperintensities but appeared to be associated with atrophy on MRI.
years). We identified a dietary pattern that explained second largest amount of the total variation (19%) in 7 nutrients, and was positively correlated with omega-3, omega-6, folate, and vitamin E, and negatively correlated with saturated fatty acid and vitamin B12 intakes. It was characterized by higher intakes of cruciferous vegetables, green-leafy vegetables, fish, nuts, salad dressing, tomato and a lower intake of high-fat dairy products. This dietary pattern was strongly associated with lower AD risk: when compared to the lowest dietary pattern score tertile, AD hazard ratios (95%CI) for the middle and highest tertiles were 0.77 (0.56-1.05) and 0.58 (0.40-0.84), respectively (p for trend < 0.01). Further adjustment for alcohol and vitamin supplements did not change the associations. Conclusions: Simultaneous consideration of multiple AD-related nutrients can aid in identification of dietary patterns that relate to AD risk. High intake of certain vegetables, fish, nuts, salad dressing and low intake of high fat dairy products seem to be protective regarding development of AD. P2-069
Ichie Matsumoto1, Kazuya Yamashita1, Ayako Matsuoka1, Kazumi Tahara1, Masanori Katakura2, Setsushi Kato3, Michio Hashimoto2, 1 The University of Shimane, Shimane Junior College, Izumo, Japan; 2 Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Dept. of Environmental Physiology, Izumo, Japan; 3Jinjukai Kato Hospital, Kawamoto, Japan. Contact e-mail: [email protected] Background: High intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) may protect against age- related cognitive decline. However, results from epidemiologic studies are inconclusive, and results from randomized trials in elderly subjects without dementia are lacking. Methods: To investigate and measure the relationships among cognitive function, nutrition, and fatty acid. 54 community-dwellers aged 65 years or older were recruited in two separate rural towns (fishing area and mountain area) in Shimane and were followed for 4 years. They were interviewed about their food habits and given a self-administered diet history questionnaire (DHQ). The Hasegawa dementia rating scale (HDS) was used to assess cognition. Results: There were significant changes over the 4 year period in HDS and fish consumption in all subjects. However, the subjects who showed improvement or no change in their HDS results consumed more DHA than those whose HDS results worsened. Conclusions: In this study, we observed beneficial effect of DHA on cognitive performance. P2-070
P2-068
A DIETARY PATTERN ASSOCIATED WITH REDUCED RISK OF ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE
Yian Gu1, Jeri W. Nieves2, Yaakov Stern1, Nicole Schupf1, Jose Luchsinger1, Nikolaos Scarmeas1, 1The Taub Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; 2Research Center, Helen Hayes Hospital, Route 9W, West Haverstraw, NY, USA. Contact e-mail: yg2121@columbia. edu Background: Because foods are not consumed in isolation, dietary patterns taking into account the interactions among food components may offer substantial advantages. Reduced-Rank Regression (RRR) is a multivariate method to extract dietary patterns that explain, as much as possible, the variation of nutrients that are believed to relate to disease risk. The association between extracted dietary patterns and disease risk can then be examined. Methods: 2136 community-based non-demented elderly (age > 65) in New York provided dietary information and were prospectively evaluated with the same standardized neurological and neuropsychological measures every w1.5 years. Using RRR we calculated dietary patterns (linear combinations of 33 food groups), based on their ability to explain variation in 7 AD-related nutrients (saturated fatty acid, monounsaturated fatty acid, omega-3, omega-6, vitamin E, vitamin B12, and folate). We then examined possible associations of the RRR-derived dietary patterns with AD risk using Cox proportional hazards model, adjusted for cohort, age, gender, body mass index, ethnicity, education, APOE genotype, and caloric intake. Results: A total of 251 subjects developed AD during the follow-up period (mean 3.9
DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ASID AND COGNITION IN ELDERLY PEOPLE LIVING IN COMMUNITY A 4-YEAR FOLLOW-UP STUDY
COMPARISON OF COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE AND DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS BETWEEN HIGH CARDIOVASCULAR RISK AND HEALTHY COMMUNITY ELDERLY GROUPS
Amanda L. Costa, Juliana S. Varela, Osmar Mazetti, Luciane Restelatto, De´bora Go¨tze, Andry F. Costa, Claudia Godinho, Ana Luiza Camozzato, Paulo D. Picon, Ma´rcia L. Chaves, Maria O. Cerveira, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. Contact e-mail: [email protected] Background: The aging of the population is a universal phenomenon with direct consequences upon the public health system. One of the main consequences of the growth of this sector of the population is the increase of the prevalence of disorders as dementia and depression which are very frequent among the elderly. Recently, the relation between cardiovascular risk factors, dementia and depression have been approached in many investigations. This study aims to evaluate the relation of cognitive performance and depressive symptoms with cardiovascular risk in the elderly. Methods: 94 high cardiovascular risk elderly patients and 160 healthy community elderly were evaluated cross-sectionaly. The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) were used for the main measures. The cutoff for presence of depression was 6 on GDS. Results: The high cardiovascular risk elderly group showed significant lower scores on MMSE (p<0.001) and was significantly associated to depression (p<0.001), independent on education. The logistic regression for depression as the dependent variable, age and group (healthy community or high cardiovascular risk