- Email: [email protected]
Door Security System for Home Monitoring Based on ESP32
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com
ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Procedia Computer Science 00 (2019) 000–000
ScienceDirect
www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia
Procedia Computer Science 157 (2019) 673–682
4th International Conference on Computer Science and Computational Intelligence 2019 (ICCSCI), 12–13 September 2019
Door Security System for Home Monitoring Based on ESP32 Andreasa, Cornelio Revelivan Aldawiraa, Handhika Wiratama Putraa, Novita Hanafiaha,*, Surya Surjarwoa, Aswin Wibisuryab b
a Computer Science Department, School of Computer Science, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia 11480 Mobile Application & Technology Program, Computer Science Department, School of Computer Science, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia 11480
Abstract Door plays an important role in home security. To secure the house, the occupants of the house will always have the door locked. However, sometimes the house occupants forget to lock the door due to hurry when leaving the house, or they may doubt whether they have locked the door or not. We propose an application called Door Security System which is based on Android using Internet of Things (IoT) technology to monitor the status of the door, controlling the door and increasing security in a house. MQTT cloud is utilized as the communication protocol between smartphone and door lock system. PIR sensor is implemented in the door lock to detect the movement near the door, while touch sensor is installed on the door handle to recognize the human hand. Should the door is opened by force, the alarm will ring and send notification to alert the house occupant on the existence of intruder in the house. The evaluation results show that motion detection sensor can detect movement accurately up to 1,6 meters ahead, and messages published between smartphone and door lock are encrypted properly so messages are safely sent. © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) This is an open access article underof thethe CCscientific BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Peer-review under responsibility committee of the 4th International Conference on Computer Science and Peer-review under responsibility Computational Intelligence 2019. of the scientific committee of the 4th International Conference on Computer Science and Computational Intelligence 2019
Keywords: Home Security; Internet of Things; Lock Door, IoT; Encrypted; MQTT; Cloud;
* Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] 1877-0509 © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 4th International Conference on Computer Science and Computational Intelligence 2019
1877-0509 © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 4th International Conference on Computer Science and Computational Intelligence 2019. 10.1016/j.procs.2019.08.218
674 2
Andreas et al. / Procedia Computer Science 157 (2019) 673–682 Andreas et al. / Procedia Computer Science 00 (2019) 000–000
1. Introduction A door is one of the first defense features to maintain physical security of the house. If the door of the house can be opened easily, a thief can easily enter and steal the contents of the house. At first, a door only incorporates a physical key to lock or unlock the door but then, with the advancement of technology, a more modern door has been innovated, namely the digital door that can lock or unlock doors without requiring a physical key. However, the digital door can also be broken or damaged when the house is empty, and the occupants of the house will only find out when arriving at home. To always maintain the security of the house, the house occupants will always have the door locked either when going out from home, or when resting in the house. However, sometimes the house occupants forget to lock the door due to hurry when leaving the house, or they may doubt whether they have locked the door or not. This is one factor that can be a threat to home security. Internet of Things (IoT) is a structure in which objects and people are provided with exclusive identity and the ability to relocate data over a network without requiring two-way handshaking between human-to-human i.e. source to destination or human-to-computer interaction 1. IoT utilizes the ability of sensors such as passive infrared sensors (PIR) to detect a movement, a magnetic sensor that can be used to detect whether a door is open or closed, and an internal touch sensor to detect whether the sensor is being touched or not. IoT also utilizes the capabilities of tools such as micro controllers that can control other devices, Mosfet, is a transistor which can be in the form of an automatic switch, an electric strike digital door lock that can lock or unlock without requiring a physical key, an alarm that can ring or stop ringing according to the input received, LED lights that can turn on or off. Message Queue Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol is widely used for network communication protocol in IoT. It enables a publish/subscribe mechanism. A receiver device can connect one time to the server to subscribe for a specific topic 2. Then, whenever there is a message generated for a specific topic, the message will be sent to the receiver. In comparison, when using HTTP, a device (client) which would like to receive a message, needs to request periodically to a server whether there is a a message or not. The security of a house can be improved by paying attention to the security level of a door. Research will be carried out to improve the security of home doors by implementing IoT technology that can monitor the status of the house door, and lock and unlock the door remotely via a smartphone through encrypted MQTT cloud. The door will also sound an alarm and send a notification to the house occupants smartphone via MQTT cloud should the door is forced open. The structure of this paper is divided into five sections. Section 2 discusses previous work that has been done by researchers in this field. Section 3 is the section which describes the system design approach. Section 4 presents performance evaluation results and discussion. Finally, section 5 concludes the results of this research. 2. Related Work IoT has been applied in previous researches in smart home technology to remotely control and monitor various appliances, namely fire, gas, water, air conditioner and fan 3. Some research also focus on efficiency to lower energy consumption 4. Some of research like the following, have been done about home security system. Agarwal, et.al. proposed a home security system called the HDSL system, which will give freedom of fear from laziness 5. The HDSL system itself provides two main functions, namely 'Home Security', which can analyze people outside the door and 'Smart Locking', which can give members of the house the freedom to control the locking system via cellphone. This system requires a Rasberry Pi 3 that controls hardware such as cameras, motion sensors and electric locks. The method used in this research is to control the locking system using Bluetooth and receive messages from the internet. The system will always start checking from the Bluetooth handshake. If a handshake occurs, the system will unlock the door, and after a specified time, the system will lock the door again. If there is no Bluetooth handshake, the system will check whether it receives any message. If the system receives an 'unlock door' message, the system will unlock the door and will lock the door when the system gets a 'lock door' message. If there is no message, the system will check for the possibility of a guest. If there is a signal from the bell, the system will take photos through the camera and send the photo to the user's email. If there is no bell signal, and the motion sensor detects a movement, the system will assume there is an intruder, hence the system will take photos through the camera, send the photos to the user's email as a warning and send a warning message via the internet as a warning of an intruder 5.
Andreas et al. / Procedia Computer Science 157 (2019) 673–682 Andreas et al. / Procedia Computer Science 00 (2019) 000–000
675 3
A research conducted by Nareshkumar, Kamat, Shinde describes a system which will control door by using smart phone operated by mobile device 6. This system needs a camera, Raspberry Pi Model B3 which have inbuilt WiFi/GSM module, a PIR Sensor, Biometric system and a mobile device. Whenever an individual would stand in front of the door, the camera will detect and send image on the mobile device. User can control the door by using smartphone. In the mobile device, specifications of appliances are given through which system can be controlled. When individual presence has been identified, web camera will get the signal then it will capture the image of the individual and send to user’s mobile device via raspberry pi using IoT (Internet of Things) 6. Gupta, et.al. proposed a remote access control door entry system for homes and office buildings 7. A remote access control system comprises of the internet to control the devices and appliances at home or office, with the person controlling them from anywhere around the globe. The equipment used are a Raspberry Pi board, camera for guest authentication, solenoid, speaker set, and bell switch. When guests come to visit, the guests will push the bell switch and then the speaker will turn on the sound recording to ask guests to stand in front of the camera so that they can be photographed. Then, the photo take will be sent to the primary host email and maybe to the secondary host as well if needed with the subject "Someone at the door". If the primary host wants to open the door, the primary host can reply to the email with subject "Allow person". If the primary host does not want to open the door, the primary host can reply to email without changing any contents. The primary host has a time limit to answer whether to open the door or not. If the primary host does not answer, the system will send a guest photo to the secondary host and the guest will also be informed that the primary host does not answer. Secondary hosts have a time limit to answer whether to open the door or not. if the secondary host also does not answer, the system will inform the guest if there has been no reply 7. Kodali, et. al. proposed a home security system to detect intruder using PIR motion sensor 8. When a motion is detected, the system will trigger a voice call to the home owner. The owner then needs to decide whether it is an intruder or not. The research by Kodali2016 still didn’t mention how the prototype may help the owner to differentiate between an intruder and a guest. However, it is mentioned to use camera in further research. Sahoo and Pati proposed a model of home security system which included PIR motion detection for generating alert and IP camera for verification 9. The model works over Zigbee protocol and is able to send SMS to the home owner’s mobile phone using GSM. Tanwar, et. al. also proposed a similar intrusion detection based on PIR motion sensor and IP Camera 10. In the model, a single Raspberry Pi minicomputer is connected to multiple sensors placed around a home/building. Upon motion detection, the Raspberry Pi sends an email to the user. Kumar, et. al. proposed a model which for smart home security, which not only alert on intruder, but also on fire and gas using respective sensors 11. Upon detection of one event by one of the sensors, the owner’s mobile phone will be alerted via SMS or call using GSM module. The research by Kodali2016, Sahoo, Tanwar, and Kumar didn’t mention any means to lock or unlock the door, they are focused on intruder detection and remote alert to home owner. Prabaharan, et. al. did a research to implement smart home which included security modules, i.e. alarm buzzer and door lock/unlocker 12. The MQTT-based prototype is connected to home owner’s mobile phone using GSM module. From the home security perspective, the mobile phone can receive alarm buzz when there is a possible intruder and can lock/unlock the door. However, there are still no connection beteween these two security-related functionalities. The alarm buzzer and the door lock/unlocker are still separate modules. In a research by Pandit, et.al. 13, magnetic sensor is used to determine whether a door is closed or opened. An intrusion is detected when the door should be in locked condition but in reality opened. The magnetic sensor is also used to automatically lock the door when it is closed. In addition to the magnetic sensor, the model also incorporates door access authentication using owner’s smartphone via bluetooth and face recognition over IP camera. Dutta, et. al. proposed a model for resident or guest authorization in public building using IoT 14. In the proposed model, a resident needs to have personal RFID tapped to an Arduino microcontroller. Meanwhile, guest information needs to be input by the security of the building. Using this mechanism, every activity of people going in/out of a building can be recorded in a database for future auditing. From the literature review that have been discussed, there are few researchers that discusses the IoT, home security system, and remote door. Therefore we make a research that can monitor and control the door remotely, receive alerts when a movement is detected near the door, grant a door access to people who are trusted to control the door, view the door access history log and user access, get a notification that the door is still open after a certain limit time. The big differences between the related works and the system we proposed are that our program can give access to other
676 4
Andreas et al. / Procedia Computer Science 157 (2019) 673–682 Andreas et al. / Procedia Computer Science 00 (2019) 000–000
users and the owner of the house can see the log history of door’s activity such as who has opened or closed the door and, when the activity happen. 3. System Design Approach The system is implemented using Microcontroller ESP32, Arduino programming language and an Android-based mobile application. The Microcontroller ESP32 is used to integrate all the electronic device in one environment. ESP32 is used because ESP32 has two cores, one core to run wifi functions and one core to execute uploaded programs. ESP32 also has a wifi and bluetooth module, and 36 GPIO. ESP32 has a fairly large memory. And ESP32 uses low power also has an internal touch sensor making it suitable for use in door security system development projects. To detect motion, PIR Sensor is utilized and in additional, a magnetic sensor is used to detect door state whether it is open or close. In this section, we discuss the system design approach for the proposed home security system. 3.1. System Architecture The communication between Door Security System mobile application and door lock uses MQTT protocol system that has SSL encryption. The system design is shown in Figure 1 which has 4 main parts, cloud MQTT, mobile phone, door lock, and the listener.
Fig. 1. System Architecture Design
Part A is a representation of MQTT Broker. Cloud MQTT itself is a company that provides MQTT Broker service over the internet so that it can be accessed using the internet. MQTT Broker is in charge of receiving all messages sent to MQTT Broker and delivering messages received to clients who subscribe to certain topics. Part B is a representation of Publisher & Subscriber (Device) like a smartphone. In this design, the device is a smartphone that uses an application to send messages in the form of a command to MQTT Broker on certain topics which will later be published on clients that subscribe to certain topics, namely microcontroller and Spring MQTT Listener. The device also functions as a subscriber where the device will receive a message according to the topic subscribed to MQTT Broker which will later be processed as a notification message. Part C is a representation of Publisher & Subscriber (Microcontroller) / IoT Device. Microcontroller is a mini computer that is dedicated to run a specific program. In this scheme, the microcontroller is responsible for sending messages to MQTT Broker. The resulting message is data obtained from a number of sensors used on the microcontroller. The microcontroller also functions as a Subscriber where the microcontroller will receive a message according to the topic subscribed to MQTT Broker which will be processed as a command to work on a command. Part D is a representation of Subscriber. Subscriber is a client who subscribes to topic on the MQTT Broker. When a new message is published to the topic on the MQTT Broker, a
Andreas et al. / Procedia Computer Science 157 (2019) 673–682 Andreas et al. / Procedia Computer Science 00 (2019) 000–000
677 5
message will be sent to the client who subscribed to the topic. Subscriber here is a java-based program that uses framework spring that is used as a listener for all topics that exist on MQTT Broker. The task of the Listener program is to update to the Firebase Database. The updated data is the status of the online device, and other commands. 3.2. Hardware Design The hardware design includes the selection of electronics equipment and the integration of all components. Figure 2 shows the hardware design for our security monitoring system. The specification of every components in Figure 2 is defined by Table 1. The number in Figure 2 corresponds to the order of components in Table 1. For processing module, we use ESP32 with Lolin D32 Board. This board is equipped with wireless LAN module for communication. ESP32 is compiled using the Arduino programming language. Two LED are used where first, the red LED is used as a power indicator. If the appliance has been electrified, ESP32 will send command to the red LED to light up. Secondly, green LED is used as a WiFi indicators. If ESP32 is not connected to WiFi, ESP32 will send a command to the green LED to blink until ESP32 is connected to WiFi. ESP32 uses a PIR sensor to detect movement. ESP32 collects the signal from magnetic sensor to know the door state. To release warning, ESP32 uses the buzzer alarm module. To lock or unlock the door, ESP32 uses the electric strike module. Table 1. Hardware Module No
Name
Description
1.
Adaptor
Adaptor to supply electricity 12V to system from stopkontak
2.
Step Down
Step Down to reduce voltage from 12V to 5V
3.
PCB Board
To connect all device
4.
ESP 32
Using Wemos LOLIN D32, 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi and Bluetooth combo chip. TSMC low power 40nm
5.
Button Reset
Buton to reset ESP32
6.
PIR Sensor
PIR Sensor for movement detection
7.
LED
LED used as a power indicator and wifi indicator
8.
Magnetic Sensor
Magnetic Sensor to state the door status
9.
Internal Touch Sensor
To find out if the door is opened from inside
10.
Mosfet
Mosfet for automatic switches
11.
Alarm Buzzer
Alarm Buzzer to tinging when the door forced open
12.
Electric Strike
Electric Strike to lock or unlock the door
technology. 5
Fig. 2. Hardware Design
678 6
Andreas et al. / Procedia Computer Science 157 (2019) 673–682 Andreas et al. / Procedia Computer Science 00 (2019) 000–000
3.3. Software Design The Software design is divided into two, Door Security System mobile apps and door lock software. First, we make a door lock system flow analysis as shown in Fig.3.
Fig. 3. Door Lock Workflow
As shown in Figure. 3, the proposed system starts with subscribing to the topic in the MQTT Brokers. If there is a message sent on the MQTT Broker, then door lock will receive the message and send the message and look for what order which have been received. If the command is an unlock door, then door lock will open the Electric Strike door lock and save the time in milis (millisecond) when the door starts to unlock and publish the message if the door is unlocked by the requester name. If within ten seconds the door is not opened after obtaining an unlock command, the door will lock automatically regardless of the input time for the door to be opened, changing the last requester name to unknown. If within less than 10 seconds the door is opened, then the requester name will be saved to the last requester name and the number of seconds input time for the door opened will be saved. If the time for the open door is input more than 0, the system will save when the door starts to open. If the command is to lock the door, then door lock will check whether the door is closed or not. If the door has not been closed, door lock will publish a message if the door has not been closed. If the door is closed, then door lock will lock the door, the input time for the door to open is initialized to 0 and publish the message if the door has been locked by the requester name and change the last requester name to unknown. If the command is turn off the buzzer, then door lock will check whether the buzzer alarm is ringing. Should the buzzer alarm is not ringing, then door lock will publish a message that the alarm is off then if the buzzer alarm is on, then door lock will turn off the buzzer alarm. If the command is reset, then door lock will empty its credentials and restart. Door lock can be linked to other mobile apps because door lock is no longer proprietary.
Andreas et al. / Procedia Computer Science 157 (2019) 673–682 Andreas et al. / Procedia Computer Science 00 (2019) 000–000
679 7
If no message is received from MQTT Broker, then door lock will detect the Internal Touch Sensor. If the Internal Touch Sensor is touched past the specified time limit, door lock will wait until the door is opened and closed again. Then, door lock will do Default Door Monitoring based on certain time intervals. If it's time to check, the system will check whether the door is closed, whether the buzzer alarm sounds, the door is not locked yet and reset the time for the next interval. Next, door lock will schedule the lock door if the input time for the door is opened more than 0. If the input time for the opened door is 0, the system will not schedule the lock door. In addition, the system will check whether the current mailing list is reduced when the door opens and whether it is greater than the time to open or not. If it is greater or equal, the system will lock the door and set the input time for the opened door to be 0. The door lock will check the status of the door. If the existing status of the door is closed and the new status of the door is open, then the door will set the existing status of the door to be opened, then publish the message that the last requester name opens the door to be recorded in the database. If the last requester name is unknown, the system will turn on the buzzer alarm. If the existing status of the door is open and the new status of the door is closed, then the door will set the existing status of the door to be closed, then publish the message that last requester name closes the door to be recorded in the database. If the door lock detects a movement, door lock will publish a message that a movement has been detected. If the door lock reset button is pressed, door lock will perform a reset function. Besides door lock reset, door lock will loop check whether it gets a message from the broker. To access Door Security System mobile application, the user must have an account. If the user already has an account, the user can sign in and should the user does not have an account, the user can sign up. The system will later send a verification email, and then the user verifies email. Should the verification email has not been received, the user can click the resend email button. After verifying email, the user can sign out and sign in again. Should user forget the account password, user use the forgot password feature and a link will be sent to change the password. After signing in, the system displays the device page. Users can view all the status of the door and manage the door such as adding doors, selecting doors to unlock or lock the door. When the user is the occupant of the house, the house occupant can choose the door then delete the door or change the name of the door or give the door access chosen to another user. The door owner can see the log history of the door that is owned and the user accessing the door. Door status is categorized into three, whether the door is opened or closed, the door is locked or unlocked, the buzzer alarm door is ringing or not ringing. If the user wants to unlock the door, the user is asked to input the number of within how many seconds the door will unlock, then the door will do an automatic lock. If the user does not want the door to do an automatic lock, the user can enter a zero value. The user can open and close the door. If the user opens the door, the status of the door on the device page will be changed to open. When user opens the door from the outside without unlocking the door through the application, the system will assume that the door is forced to open and turns on the buzzer alarm door. If the Internal Touch Sensor on the inside of the room is touched and the door is opened even though the door is still locked, the door buzzer alarm will not ring because the system assumes the door is opened from inside. Users can see a list of other users who are given access by clicking the Manage Other User's Access sub menu, then select another user name if you want to see the details of the access given to that user. If the user wants to change the access given to another user, the user can manage the user's access such as adding or reducing the door access given or even removing the user from the access list given after seeing the details of access given to that user. Users can also add other users to the list given access from other users' email addresses and give many door accesses to the user after clicking the Manage Other User's Access sub menu. Users can see a list of other user names that can be granted an access by clicking the Manage My Access sub menu. Users can see the details of the door access grant by selecting a user name. Users can remove door access grant by clicking the unlink button next to the name of the door that is given access. Users can see reports on how much access to the door they have by clicking View Report Door Access sub menu. The report is divided into two, namely the report based on the door that is accessed and based on the user who has accessed it. If the user wants to see the report based on the door being accessed, then the user can choose the Report of Door Access and the statistics on all the doors that are owned and the number of times the door is accessed will appear. If the user wants to see the report based on the user who is accessing it, the user can choose the Report of User Access and the statistics for all users who are given access and the number of times the door has been accessed will appear. Users can change their account name, password or both by clicking the Manage Profile sub menu. If the user wants to change the name, the user can click the user name field and change the name. If the user wants to change the
Andreas et al. / Procedia Computer Science 157 (2019) 673–682 Andreas et al. / Procedia Computer Science 00 (2019) 000–000
680 8
password, the user can check the check box named Change Password and enter a new password. Users can change the name only, or just password, or name and password together, then click the update profile button and enter the old password. 4. Internal System Evaluation Test Result and Discussion
(b)
(a)
Fig. 4. (a) Integration ESP32 with Sensors and Tools from inside the room (b) Integration ESP32 with Sensors and Tools from outside the room
In this section, we discuss about the implementation of IoT security monitoring system dan evaluation result. First, we integrate and implement the designed system as shown in Fig. 4 which show the connection between ESP32 with Button Reset, PIR Sensor, green LED, red LED, Magnetic Sensor, Internal Touch Sensor, Alarm Buzzer through Mosfet, and Electric Strike door lock through Mosfet. 4.1. PIR Sensor Motion Detection tests were carried out with a 80cm x 80cm distance of each zone (box). The PIR sensor is placed with a height of 48.5cm which is attached to the prototype door with the direction facing down. The following are the results of detecting movement tests. With the results of the following tests, it can be summarized that if the PIR sensor is installed with a height of 48.5cm, then the PIR Sensor can detect accurately up to 1.6 meters ahead. Table 2. PIR Sensor Test Result Zone
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
Fail
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
Success
5
5
4
5
5
4
4
4
4
Fig. 5. PIR Sensor Test Zone
4.2. MQTT Testing In testing the sending and receiving of MQTT messages without using SSL, the Wireshark application is used. Wireshark is a tool for analyzing network traffic with the aim of maintaining security.
Andreas et al. / Procedia Computer Science 00 (2019) 000–000 Andreas et al. / Procedia Computer Science 157 (2019) 673–682
(a)
9 681
(b)
Fig. 6. (a) Publish MQTT Without SSL Encryption, (b) Publish MQTT with SSL Encryption
(a)
(b)
Fig. 7. (a) Subscribe MQTT Without SSL Encryption, (b) Subscribe MQTT with SSL Encryption
1.
2.
3.
4.
Testing on sending message with MQTT that doesn’t use SSL encryption The first test is done by sending / publishing a message to do the Door Unlock with 10 seconds in the topic /Door/[email protected]/DREXE-PROTO-13597/input. After doing a search using Wireshark tool, it was found that the message that is sent to the broker MQTT can be seen clearly in the absence of the encryption process to prevent people who do sniffing. Test message reception with MQTT that doesn’t use SSL encryption The second test is done by subscribing the topic /Door/[email protected]/DREXE-PROTO-13597/input to receive the message that was sent or published. After searching using Wireshark tools, it was also found that when receiving a message from a broker MQTT, the message has not been encrypted, hence the message can be seen by others and becomes insecure. Testing sending messages with MQTT that use SSL encryption The third test is done by sending / publishing a message to Unlock Door with 10 seconds on topic /Door/[email protected]/DREXE-PROTO-13597/input using SSL. After searching using Wireshark tools, it was found that when sending messages over a network, the messages has been encrypted, hence even though the message was retrieved, it is unable to read the message. Test message reception with MQTT that uses SSL encryption The fourth test is done by subscribing to topic /Door/[email protected]/DREXE-PROTO-13597/input to receive messages that were sent or published using SSL.
Andreas et al. / Procedia Computer Science 157 (2019) 673–682 Andreas et al. / Procedia Computer Science 00 (2019) 000–000
682 10
After searching using the Wireshark tools, it was found that when receiving a message through the message network, it was also encrypted. Hence, even though the message was successfully retrieved, it is still not possible to read the message. 5. Conclusion In this paper, we have proposed a security monitoring system based on IoT technology. Our proposed system consists of ESP32, PCB Board, Step Down 12V to 5V, Adaptor 12V, Button to reset, PIR Sensor, green LED, red LED, Magnetic Sensor, Internal Touch Sensor, two Mosfet, Alarm Buzzer, and Electric Strike door lock. The system we proposed is a system that can monitor and control the door remotely, receive a warning if a motion is detected near the door, granting door access to trusted people to control the door, view the door access history log and user access, get a notification that the door is still open after the limit time has passed, and turn on the alarm should the door is opened by force. The simulation result shows that when sensor is placed with a height of 48.5cm with the direction facing down, system can detect a movement accurately at a distance of 1,6 meters ahead, but when the movement is more than 1.6 meters, the detection will be less accurate. The simulation results also show that when messages are published or subscribed between smartphone and door lock, they are encrypted by SSL encryption properly, so messages sent are safe from hacker. The message can’t be seen or modified by other people because the hacker does not have the key to decrypt messages. For future research, we plan to explore: 1) the usage of camera, so the user can find out who is visiting; 2) new emergency call feature to directly call the police; 3) new filter feature when see a report; 4) new feature for two-way communication between the owner of the door and the guess. References 1. Burange AW, Misalkar HD. Review of Internet of Things in development of smart cities with data management & privacy. IEEE International Conference on Advances in Computer Engineering and Applications. 2015 July 23;: p. 1. 2. Wukkadada B, Wankhede K, Nambiar R, Nair A. Comparison with HTTP and MQTT In Internet of Things (IoT). In Proceedings of the International Conference on Inventive Research in Computing Applications (ICIRCA 2018); 2018; Coimbatore. p. 249-253. 3. Vikram N, Harish KS, Nihaal MS, Umesh R, Kumar SAA. A Low Cost Home Automation System Using Wi-Fi Based Wireless Sensor Network Incorporating Internet of Things(IoT). In 2017 IEEE 7th International Advance Computing Conference; 2017; Hyderabad. p. 174179. 4. Alaa M, Zaidan AA, Zaidan BB, Talal , Kiah MLM. A Review of Smart Home Applications based on Internet of Things. Journal of Network and Computer Applications. 2017; 97. 5. Agarwal A, Hada N, Virmani D, Gupta T. A Novel Design Approach for Smart Door Locking and Home Security using IoT. A High Impact Factor & UGC Approved Journal. 2017 August; 6(8): p. 1-5. 6. M. N, Kamat , Shinde D. Smart Door Security Control System Using Raspberry Pi. International Journal of Innovations & Advancement in Computer Science. 2017 November; 6(11): p. 1-4. 7. Gupta RK, Balamurugan S, Aroul K, Marimuthu R. IoT Based Door Entry System. Indian Journal of Science and Technology. 2016 October; 9: p. 1-5. 8. Kodali RK, Jain V, Bose S, Boppana L. IoT Based Smart Security and Home Automation System. In 2016 International Conference on Computing, Communication and Automation (ICCCA); 2016; Noida. p. 1286-1289. 9. Sahoo KC, Pati U. IoT Based Intrusion Detection System Using PIR Sensor. In 2017 2nd IEEE International Conference on Recent Trends in Electronics, Information & Communication Technology (RTEICT); 2017; Bangalore. 10. Tanwar S, Patel P, Tyagi S, Kumar N, Obaidat MS. An Advanced Internet of Thing based Security Alert System for Smart Home. In 2017 International Conference on Computer, Information and Telecommunication Systems (CITS); Dalian. 11. Kumar S, Swetha S, Kiran VT, Johri P. IoT based Smart Home Surveillance and Automation. In 2018 International Conference on Computing, Power and Communication Technologies (GUCON); 2018. p. 786-790. 12. Prabaharan J, Swamy A, Sharma A, Bharath KN, Mundra PR, Mohammed KJ. Wireless Home Automation and Security System using MQTT Protocol. In 2017 2nd IEEE International Conference On Recent Trends In Electronics Information & Communication Technology; 2017; Bangalore. p. 2043-2045. 13. Pandit V, Majgaonkar P, Meher P, Sapaliga S, Bojewar S. Intelligent Security Lock. In International Conference on Trends in Electronics and Informatics; 2017; Tirunelveli. p. 713-716. 14. Dutta J, Wang Y, Maitra T, Islam SH, Rawal BS, Giri D. ES3B: Enhanced Security System for Smart Building using IoT. In 2018 IEEE International Conference on Smart Cloud (SmartCloud); 2018; New York. p. 158-165. 15. Home - WEMOS.CC. [Online].; 2018 [cited 2019 June 2. Available from: https://www.wemos.cc/.
ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Procedia Computer Science 00 (2019) 000–000
ScienceDirect
www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia
Procedia Computer Science 157 (2019) 673–682
4th International Conference on Computer Science and Computational Intelligence 2019 (ICCSCI), 12–13 September 2019
Door Security System for Home Monitoring Based on ESP32 Andreasa, Cornelio Revelivan Aldawiraa, Handhika Wiratama Putraa, Novita Hanafiaha,*, Surya Surjarwoa, Aswin Wibisuryab b
a Computer Science Department, School of Computer Science, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia 11480 Mobile Application & Technology Program, Computer Science Department, School of Computer Science, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia 11480
Abstract Door plays an important role in home security. To secure the house, the occupants of the house will always have the door locked. However, sometimes the house occupants forget to lock the door due to hurry when leaving the house, or they may doubt whether they have locked the door or not. We propose an application called Door Security System which is based on Android using Internet of Things (IoT) technology to monitor the status of the door, controlling the door and increasing security in a house. MQTT cloud is utilized as the communication protocol between smartphone and door lock system. PIR sensor is implemented in the door lock to detect the movement near the door, while touch sensor is installed on the door handle to recognize the human hand. Should the door is opened by force, the alarm will ring and send notification to alert the house occupant on the existence of intruder in the house. The evaluation results show that motion detection sensor can detect movement accurately up to 1,6 meters ahead, and messages published between smartphone and door lock are encrypted properly so messages are safely sent. © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) This is an open access article underof thethe CCscientific BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Peer-review under responsibility committee of the 4th International Conference on Computer Science and Peer-review under responsibility Computational Intelligence 2019. of the scientific committee of the 4th International Conference on Computer Science and Computational Intelligence 2019
Keywords: Home Security; Internet of Things; Lock Door, IoT; Encrypted; MQTT; Cloud;
* Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] 1877-0509 © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 4th International Conference on Computer Science and Computational Intelligence 2019
1877-0509 © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 4th International Conference on Computer Science and Computational Intelligence 2019. 10.1016/j.procs.2019.08.218
674 2
Andreas et al. / Procedia Computer Science 157 (2019) 673–682 Andreas et al. / Procedia Computer Science 00 (2019) 000–000
1. Introduction A door is one of the first defense features to maintain physical security of the house. If the door of the house can be opened easily, a thief can easily enter and steal the contents of the house. At first, a door only incorporates a physical key to lock or unlock the door but then, with the advancement of technology, a more modern door has been innovated, namely the digital door that can lock or unlock doors without requiring a physical key. However, the digital door can also be broken or damaged when the house is empty, and the occupants of the house will only find out when arriving at home. To always maintain the security of the house, the house occupants will always have the door locked either when going out from home, or when resting in the house. However, sometimes the house occupants forget to lock the door due to hurry when leaving the house, or they may doubt whether they have locked the door or not. This is one factor that can be a threat to home security. Internet of Things (IoT) is a structure in which objects and people are provided with exclusive identity and the ability to relocate data over a network without requiring two-way handshaking between human-to-human i.e. source to destination or human-to-computer interaction 1. IoT utilizes the ability of sensors such as passive infrared sensors (PIR) to detect a movement, a magnetic sensor that can be used to detect whether a door is open or closed, and an internal touch sensor to detect whether the sensor is being touched or not. IoT also utilizes the capabilities of tools such as micro controllers that can control other devices, Mosfet, is a transistor which can be in the form of an automatic switch, an electric strike digital door lock that can lock or unlock without requiring a physical key, an alarm that can ring or stop ringing according to the input received, LED lights that can turn on or off. Message Queue Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol is widely used for network communication protocol in IoT. It enables a publish/subscribe mechanism. A receiver device can connect one time to the server to subscribe for a specific topic 2. Then, whenever there is a message generated for a specific topic, the message will be sent to the receiver. In comparison, when using HTTP, a device (client) which would like to receive a message, needs to request periodically to a server whether there is a a message or not. The security of a house can be improved by paying attention to the security level of a door. Research will be carried out to improve the security of home doors by implementing IoT technology that can monitor the status of the house door, and lock and unlock the door remotely via a smartphone through encrypted MQTT cloud. The door will also sound an alarm and send a notification to the house occupants smartphone via MQTT cloud should the door is forced open. The structure of this paper is divided into five sections. Section 2 discusses previous work that has been done by researchers in this field. Section 3 is the section which describes the system design approach. Section 4 presents performance evaluation results and discussion. Finally, section 5 concludes the results of this research. 2. Related Work IoT has been applied in previous researches in smart home technology to remotely control and monitor various appliances, namely fire, gas, water, air conditioner and fan 3. Some research also focus on efficiency to lower energy consumption 4. Some of research like the following, have been done about home security system. Agarwal, et.al. proposed a home security system called the HDSL system, which will give freedom of fear from laziness 5. The HDSL system itself provides two main functions, namely 'Home Security', which can analyze people outside the door and 'Smart Locking', which can give members of the house the freedom to control the locking system via cellphone. This system requires a Rasberry Pi 3 that controls hardware such as cameras, motion sensors and electric locks. The method used in this research is to control the locking system using Bluetooth and receive messages from the internet. The system will always start checking from the Bluetooth handshake. If a handshake occurs, the system will unlock the door, and after a specified time, the system will lock the door again. If there is no Bluetooth handshake, the system will check whether it receives any message. If the system receives an 'unlock door' message, the system will unlock the door and will lock the door when the system gets a 'lock door' message. If there is no message, the system will check for the possibility of a guest. If there is a signal from the bell, the system will take photos through the camera and send the photo to the user's email. If there is no bell signal, and the motion sensor detects a movement, the system will assume there is an intruder, hence the system will take photos through the camera, send the photos to the user's email as a warning and send a warning message via the internet as a warning of an intruder 5.
Andreas et al. / Procedia Computer Science 157 (2019) 673–682 Andreas et al. / Procedia Computer Science 00 (2019) 000–000
675 3
A research conducted by Nareshkumar, Kamat, Shinde describes a system which will control door by using smart phone operated by mobile device 6. This system needs a camera, Raspberry Pi Model B3 which have inbuilt WiFi/GSM module, a PIR Sensor, Biometric system and a mobile device. Whenever an individual would stand in front of the door, the camera will detect and send image on the mobile device. User can control the door by using smartphone. In the mobile device, specifications of appliances are given through which system can be controlled. When individual presence has been identified, web camera will get the signal then it will capture the image of the individual and send to user’s mobile device via raspberry pi using IoT (Internet of Things) 6. Gupta, et.al. proposed a remote access control door entry system for homes and office buildings 7. A remote access control system comprises of the internet to control the devices and appliances at home or office, with the person controlling them from anywhere around the globe. The equipment used are a Raspberry Pi board, camera for guest authentication, solenoid, speaker set, and bell switch. When guests come to visit, the guests will push the bell switch and then the speaker will turn on the sound recording to ask guests to stand in front of the camera so that they can be photographed. Then, the photo take will be sent to the primary host email and maybe to the secondary host as well if needed with the subject "Someone at the door". If the primary host wants to open the door, the primary host can reply to the email with subject "Allow person". If the primary host does not want to open the door, the primary host can reply to email without changing any contents. The primary host has a time limit to answer whether to open the door or not. If the primary host does not answer, the system will send a guest photo to the secondary host and the guest will also be informed that the primary host does not answer. Secondary hosts have a time limit to answer whether to open the door or not. if the secondary host also does not answer, the system will inform the guest if there has been no reply 7. Kodali, et. al. proposed a home security system to detect intruder using PIR motion sensor 8. When a motion is detected, the system will trigger a voice call to the home owner. The owner then needs to decide whether it is an intruder or not. The research by Kodali2016 still didn’t mention how the prototype may help the owner to differentiate between an intruder and a guest. However, it is mentioned to use camera in further research. Sahoo and Pati proposed a model of home security system which included PIR motion detection for generating alert and IP camera for verification 9. The model works over Zigbee protocol and is able to send SMS to the home owner’s mobile phone using GSM. Tanwar, et. al. also proposed a similar intrusion detection based on PIR motion sensor and IP Camera 10. In the model, a single Raspberry Pi minicomputer is connected to multiple sensors placed around a home/building. Upon motion detection, the Raspberry Pi sends an email to the user. Kumar, et. al. proposed a model which for smart home security, which not only alert on intruder, but also on fire and gas using respective sensors 11. Upon detection of one event by one of the sensors, the owner’s mobile phone will be alerted via SMS or call using GSM module. The research by Kodali2016, Sahoo, Tanwar, and Kumar didn’t mention any means to lock or unlock the door, they are focused on intruder detection and remote alert to home owner. Prabaharan, et. al. did a research to implement smart home which included security modules, i.e. alarm buzzer and door lock/unlocker 12. The MQTT-based prototype is connected to home owner’s mobile phone using GSM module. From the home security perspective, the mobile phone can receive alarm buzz when there is a possible intruder and can lock/unlock the door. However, there are still no connection beteween these two security-related functionalities. The alarm buzzer and the door lock/unlocker are still separate modules. In a research by Pandit, et.al. 13, magnetic sensor is used to determine whether a door is closed or opened. An intrusion is detected when the door should be in locked condition but in reality opened. The magnetic sensor is also used to automatically lock the door when it is closed. In addition to the magnetic sensor, the model also incorporates door access authentication using owner’s smartphone via bluetooth and face recognition over IP camera. Dutta, et. al. proposed a model for resident or guest authorization in public building using IoT 14. In the proposed model, a resident needs to have personal RFID tapped to an Arduino microcontroller. Meanwhile, guest information needs to be input by the security of the building. Using this mechanism, every activity of people going in/out of a building can be recorded in a database for future auditing. From the literature review that have been discussed, there are few researchers that discusses the IoT, home security system, and remote door. Therefore we make a research that can monitor and control the door remotely, receive alerts when a movement is detected near the door, grant a door access to people who are trusted to control the door, view the door access history log and user access, get a notification that the door is still open after a certain limit time. The big differences between the related works and the system we proposed are that our program can give access to other
676 4
Andreas et al. / Procedia Computer Science 157 (2019) 673–682 Andreas et al. / Procedia Computer Science 00 (2019) 000–000
users and the owner of the house can see the log history of door’s activity such as who has opened or closed the door and, when the activity happen. 3. System Design Approach The system is implemented using Microcontroller ESP32, Arduino programming language and an Android-based mobile application. The Microcontroller ESP32 is used to integrate all the electronic device in one environment. ESP32 is used because ESP32 has two cores, one core to run wifi functions and one core to execute uploaded programs. ESP32 also has a wifi and bluetooth module, and 36 GPIO. ESP32 has a fairly large memory. And ESP32 uses low power also has an internal touch sensor making it suitable for use in door security system development projects. To detect motion, PIR Sensor is utilized and in additional, a magnetic sensor is used to detect door state whether it is open or close. In this section, we discuss the system design approach for the proposed home security system. 3.1. System Architecture The communication between Door Security System mobile application and door lock uses MQTT protocol system that has SSL encryption. The system design is shown in Figure 1 which has 4 main parts, cloud MQTT, mobile phone, door lock, and the listener.
Fig. 1. System Architecture Design
Part A is a representation of MQTT Broker. Cloud MQTT itself is a company that provides MQTT Broker service over the internet so that it can be accessed using the internet. MQTT Broker is in charge of receiving all messages sent to MQTT Broker and delivering messages received to clients who subscribe to certain topics. Part B is a representation of Publisher & Subscriber (Device) like a smartphone. In this design, the device is a smartphone that uses an application to send messages in the form of a command to MQTT Broker on certain topics which will later be published on clients that subscribe to certain topics, namely microcontroller and Spring MQTT Listener. The device also functions as a subscriber where the device will receive a message according to the topic subscribed to MQTT Broker which will later be processed as a notification message. Part C is a representation of Publisher & Subscriber (Microcontroller) / IoT Device. Microcontroller is a mini computer that is dedicated to run a specific program. In this scheme, the microcontroller is responsible for sending messages to MQTT Broker. The resulting message is data obtained from a number of sensors used on the microcontroller. The microcontroller also functions as a Subscriber where the microcontroller will receive a message according to the topic subscribed to MQTT Broker which will be processed as a command to work on a command. Part D is a representation of Subscriber. Subscriber is a client who subscribes to topic on the MQTT Broker. When a new message is published to the topic on the MQTT Broker, a
Andreas et al. / Procedia Computer Science 157 (2019) 673–682 Andreas et al. / Procedia Computer Science 00 (2019) 000–000
677 5
message will be sent to the client who subscribed to the topic. Subscriber here is a java-based program that uses framework spring that is used as a listener for all topics that exist on MQTT Broker. The task of the Listener program is to update to the Firebase Database. The updated data is the status of the online device, and other commands. 3.2. Hardware Design The hardware design includes the selection of electronics equipment and the integration of all components. Figure 2 shows the hardware design for our security monitoring system. The specification of every components in Figure 2 is defined by Table 1. The number in Figure 2 corresponds to the order of components in Table 1. For processing module, we use ESP32 with Lolin D32 Board. This board is equipped with wireless LAN module for communication. ESP32 is compiled using the Arduino programming language. Two LED are used where first, the red LED is used as a power indicator. If the appliance has been electrified, ESP32 will send command to the red LED to light up. Secondly, green LED is used as a WiFi indicators. If ESP32 is not connected to WiFi, ESP32 will send a command to the green LED to blink until ESP32 is connected to WiFi. ESP32 uses a PIR sensor to detect movement. ESP32 collects the signal from magnetic sensor to know the door state. To release warning, ESP32 uses the buzzer alarm module. To lock or unlock the door, ESP32 uses the electric strike module. Table 1. Hardware Module No
Name
Description
1.
Adaptor
Adaptor to supply electricity 12V to system from stopkontak
2.
Step Down
Step Down to reduce voltage from 12V to 5V
3.
PCB Board
To connect all device
4.
ESP 32
Using Wemos LOLIN D32, 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi and Bluetooth combo chip. TSMC low power 40nm
5.
Button Reset
Buton to reset ESP32
6.
PIR Sensor
PIR Sensor for movement detection
7.
LED
LED used as a power indicator and wifi indicator
8.
Magnetic Sensor
Magnetic Sensor to state the door status
9.
Internal Touch Sensor
To find out if the door is opened from inside
10.
Mosfet
Mosfet for automatic switches
11.
Alarm Buzzer
Alarm Buzzer to tinging when the door forced open
12.
Electric Strike
Electric Strike to lock or unlock the door
technology. 5
Fig. 2. Hardware Design
678 6
Andreas et al. / Procedia Computer Science 157 (2019) 673–682 Andreas et al. / Procedia Computer Science 00 (2019) 000–000
3.3. Software Design The Software design is divided into two, Door Security System mobile apps and door lock software. First, we make a door lock system flow analysis as shown in Fig.3.
Fig. 3. Door Lock Workflow
As shown in Figure. 3, the proposed system starts with subscribing to the topic in the MQTT Brokers. If there is a message sent on the MQTT Broker, then door lock will receive the message and send the message and look for what order which have been received. If the command is an unlock door, then door lock will open the Electric Strike door lock and save the time in milis (millisecond) when the door starts to unlock and publish the message if the door is unlocked by the requester name. If within ten seconds the door is not opened after obtaining an unlock command, the door will lock automatically regardless of the input time for the door to be opened, changing the last requester name to unknown. If within less than 10 seconds the door is opened, then the requester name will be saved to the last requester name and the number of seconds input time for the door opened will be saved. If the time for the open door is input more than 0, the system will save when the door starts to open. If the command is to lock the door, then door lock will check whether the door is closed or not. If the door has not been closed, door lock will publish a message if the door has not been closed. If the door is closed, then door lock will lock the door, the input time for the door to open is initialized to 0 and publish the message if the door has been locked by the requester name and change the last requester name to unknown. If the command is turn off the buzzer, then door lock will check whether the buzzer alarm is ringing. Should the buzzer alarm is not ringing, then door lock will publish a message that the alarm is off then if the buzzer alarm is on, then door lock will turn off the buzzer alarm. If the command is reset, then door lock will empty its credentials and restart. Door lock can be linked to other mobile apps because door lock is no longer proprietary.
Andreas et al. / Procedia Computer Science 157 (2019) 673–682 Andreas et al. / Procedia Computer Science 00 (2019) 000–000
679 7
If no message is received from MQTT Broker, then door lock will detect the Internal Touch Sensor. If the Internal Touch Sensor is touched past the specified time limit, door lock will wait until the door is opened and closed again. Then, door lock will do Default Door Monitoring based on certain time intervals. If it's time to check, the system will check whether the door is closed, whether the buzzer alarm sounds, the door is not locked yet and reset the time for the next interval. Next, door lock will schedule the lock door if the input time for the door is opened more than 0. If the input time for the opened door is 0, the system will not schedule the lock door. In addition, the system will check whether the current mailing list is reduced when the door opens and whether it is greater than the time to open or not. If it is greater or equal, the system will lock the door and set the input time for the opened door to be 0. The door lock will check the status of the door. If the existing status of the door is closed and the new status of the door is open, then the door will set the existing status of the door to be opened, then publish the message that the last requester name opens the door to be recorded in the database. If the last requester name is unknown, the system will turn on the buzzer alarm. If the existing status of the door is open and the new status of the door is closed, then the door will set the existing status of the door to be closed, then publish the message that last requester name closes the door to be recorded in the database. If the door lock detects a movement, door lock will publish a message that a movement has been detected. If the door lock reset button is pressed, door lock will perform a reset function. Besides door lock reset, door lock will loop check whether it gets a message from the broker. To access Door Security System mobile application, the user must have an account. If the user already has an account, the user can sign in and should the user does not have an account, the user can sign up. The system will later send a verification email, and then the user verifies email. Should the verification email has not been received, the user can click the resend email button. After verifying email, the user can sign out and sign in again. Should user forget the account password, user use the forgot password feature and a link will be sent to change the password. After signing in, the system displays the device page. Users can view all the status of the door and manage the door such as adding doors, selecting doors to unlock or lock the door. When the user is the occupant of the house, the house occupant can choose the door then delete the door or change the name of the door or give the door access chosen to another user. The door owner can see the log history of the door that is owned and the user accessing the door. Door status is categorized into three, whether the door is opened or closed, the door is locked or unlocked, the buzzer alarm door is ringing or not ringing. If the user wants to unlock the door, the user is asked to input the number of within how many seconds the door will unlock, then the door will do an automatic lock. If the user does not want the door to do an automatic lock, the user can enter a zero value. The user can open and close the door. If the user opens the door, the status of the door on the device page will be changed to open. When user opens the door from the outside without unlocking the door through the application, the system will assume that the door is forced to open and turns on the buzzer alarm door. If the Internal Touch Sensor on the inside of the room is touched and the door is opened even though the door is still locked, the door buzzer alarm will not ring because the system assumes the door is opened from inside. Users can see a list of other users who are given access by clicking the Manage Other User's Access sub menu, then select another user name if you want to see the details of the access given to that user. If the user wants to change the access given to another user, the user can manage the user's access such as adding or reducing the door access given or even removing the user from the access list given after seeing the details of access given to that user. Users can also add other users to the list given access from other users' email addresses and give many door accesses to the user after clicking the Manage Other User's Access sub menu. Users can see a list of other user names that can be granted an access by clicking the Manage My Access sub menu. Users can see the details of the door access grant by selecting a user name. Users can remove door access grant by clicking the unlink button next to the name of the door that is given access. Users can see reports on how much access to the door they have by clicking View Report Door Access sub menu. The report is divided into two, namely the report based on the door that is accessed and based on the user who has accessed it. If the user wants to see the report based on the door being accessed, then the user can choose the Report of Door Access and the statistics on all the doors that are owned and the number of times the door is accessed will appear. If the user wants to see the report based on the user who is accessing it, the user can choose the Report of User Access and the statistics for all users who are given access and the number of times the door has been accessed will appear. Users can change their account name, password or both by clicking the Manage Profile sub menu. If the user wants to change the name, the user can click the user name field and change the name. If the user wants to change the
Andreas et al. / Procedia Computer Science 157 (2019) 673–682 Andreas et al. / Procedia Computer Science 00 (2019) 000–000
680 8
password, the user can check the check box named Change Password and enter a new password. Users can change the name only, or just password, or name and password together, then click the update profile button and enter the old password. 4. Internal System Evaluation Test Result and Discussion
(b)
(a)
Fig. 4. (a) Integration ESP32 with Sensors and Tools from inside the room (b) Integration ESP32 with Sensors and Tools from outside the room
In this section, we discuss about the implementation of IoT security monitoring system dan evaluation result. First, we integrate and implement the designed system as shown in Fig. 4 which show the connection between ESP32 with Button Reset, PIR Sensor, green LED, red LED, Magnetic Sensor, Internal Touch Sensor, Alarm Buzzer through Mosfet, and Electric Strike door lock through Mosfet. 4.1. PIR Sensor Motion Detection tests were carried out with a 80cm x 80cm distance of each zone (box). The PIR sensor is placed with a height of 48.5cm which is attached to the prototype door with the direction facing down. The following are the results of detecting movement tests. With the results of the following tests, it can be summarized that if the PIR sensor is installed with a height of 48.5cm, then the PIR Sensor can detect accurately up to 1.6 meters ahead. Table 2. PIR Sensor Test Result Zone
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
Fail
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
Success
5
5
4
5
5
4
4
4
4
Fig. 5. PIR Sensor Test Zone
4.2. MQTT Testing In testing the sending and receiving of MQTT messages without using SSL, the Wireshark application is used. Wireshark is a tool for analyzing network traffic with the aim of maintaining security.
Andreas et al. / Procedia Computer Science 00 (2019) 000–000 Andreas et al. / Procedia Computer Science 157 (2019) 673–682
(a)
9 681
(b)
Fig. 6. (a) Publish MQTT Without SSL Encryption, (b) Publish MQTT with SSL Encryption
(a)
(b)
Fig. 7. (a) Subscribe MQTT Without SSL Encryption, (b) Subscribe MQTT with SSL Encryption
1.
2.
3.
4.
Testing on sending message with MQTT that doesn’t use SSL encryption The first test is done by sending / publishing a message to do the Door Unlock with 10 seconds in the topic /Door/[email protected]/DREXE-PROTO-13597/input. After doing a search using Wireshark tool, it was found that the message that is sent to the broker MQTT can be seen clearly in the absence of the encryption process to prevent people who do sniffing. Test message reception with MQTT that doesn’t use SSL encryption The second test is done by subscribing the topic /Door/[email protected]/DREXE-PROTO-13597/input to receive the message that was sent or published. After searching using Wireshark tools, it was also found that when receiving a message from a broker MQTT, the message has not been encrypted, hence the message can be seen by others and becomes insecure. Testing sending messages with MQTT that use SSL encryption The third test is done by sending / publishing a message to Unlock Door with 10 seconds on topic /Door/[email protected]/DREXE-PROTO-13597/input using SSL. After searching using Wireshark tools, it was found that when sending messages over a network, the messages has been encrypted, hence even though the message was retrieved, it is unable to read the message. Test message reception with MQTT that uses SSL encryption The fourth test is done by subscribing to topic /Door/[email protected]/DREXE-PROTO-13597/input to receive messages that were sent or published using SSL.
Andreas et al. / Procedia Computer Science 157 (2019) 673–682 Andreas et al. / Procedia Computer Science 00 (2019) 000–000
682 10
After searching using the Wireshark tools, it was found that when receiving a message through the message network, it was also encrypted. Hence, even though the message was successfully retrieved, it is still not possible to read the message. 5. Conclusion In this paper, we have proposed a security monitoring system based on IoT technology. Our proposed system consists of ESP32, PCB Board, Step Down 12V to 5V, Adaptor 12V, Button to reset, PIR Sensor, green LED, red LED, Magnetic Sensor, Internal Touch Sensor, two Mosfet, Alarm Buzzer, and Electric Strike door lock. The system we proposed is a system that can monitor and control the door remotely, receive a warning if a motion is detected near the door, granting door access to trusted people to control the door, view the door access history log and user access, get a notification that the door is still open after the limit time has passed, and turn on the alarm should the door is opened by force. The simulation result shows that when sensor is placed with a height of 48.5cm with the direction facing down, system can detect a movement accurately at a distance of 1,6 meters ahead, but when the movement is more than 1.6 meters, the detection will be less accurate. The simulation results also show that when messages are published or subscribed between smartphone and door lock, they are encrypted by SSL encryption properly, so messages sent are safe from hacker. The message can’t be seen or modified by other people because the hacker does not have the key to decrypt messages. For future research, we plan to explore: 1) the usage of camera, so the user can find out who is visiting; 2) new emergency call feature to directly call the police; 3) new filter feature when see a report; 4) new feature for two-way communication between the owner of the door and the guess. References 1. Burange AW, Misalkar HD. Review of Internet of Things in development of smart cities with data management & privacy. IEEE International Conference on Advances in Computer Engineering and Applications. 2015 July 23;: p. 1. 2. Wukkadada B, Wankhede K, Nambiar R, Nair A. Comparison with HTTP and MQTT In Internet of Things (IoT). In Proceedings of the International Conference on Inventive Research in Computing Applications (ICIRCA 2018); 2018; Coimbatore. p. 249-253. 3. Vikram N, Harish KS, Nihaal MS, Umesh R, Kumar SAA. A Low Cost Home Automation System Using Wi-Fi Based Wireless Sensor Network Incorporating Internet of Things(IoT). In 2017 IEEE 7th International Advance Computing Conference; 2017; Hyderabad. p. 174179. 4. Alaa M, Zaidan AA, Zaidan BB, Talal , Kiah MLM. A Review of Smart Home Applications based on Internet of Things. Journal of Network and Computer Applications. 2017; 97. 5. Agarwal A, Hada N, Virmani D, Gupta T. A Novel Design Approach for Smart Door Locking and Home Security using IoT. A High Impact Factor & UGC Approved Journal. 2017 August; 6(8): p. 1-5. 6. M. N, Kamat , Shinde D. Smart Door Security Control System Using Raspberry Pi. International Journal of Innovations & Advancement in Computer Science. 2017 November; 6(11): p. 1-4. 7. Gupta RK, Balamurugan S, Aroul K, Marimuthu R. IoT Based Door Entry System. Indian Journal of Science and Technology. 2016 October; 9: p. 1-5. 8. Kodali RK, Jain V, Bose S, Boppana L. IoT Based Smart Security and Home Automation System. In 2016 International Conference on Computing, Communication and Automation (ICCCA); 2016; Noida. p. 1286-1289. 9. Sahoo KC, Pati U. IoT Based Intrusion Detection System Using PIR Sensor. In 2017 2nd IEEE International Conference on Recent Trends in Electronics, Information & Communication Technology (RTEICT); 2017; Bangalore. 10. Tanwar S, Patel P, Tyagi S, Kumar N, Obaidat MS. An Advanced Internet of Thing based Security Alert System for Smart Home. In 2017 International Conference on Computer, Information and Telecommunication Systems (CITS); Dalian. 11. Kumar S, Swetha S, Kiran VT, Johri P. IoT based Smart Home Surveillance and Automation. In 2018 International Conference on Computing, Power and Communication Technologies (GUCON); 2018. p. 786-790. 12. Prabaharan J, Swamy A, Sharma A, Bharath KN, Mundra PR, Mohammed KJ. Wireless Home Automation and Security System using MQTT Protocol. In 2017 2nd IEEE International Conference On Recent Trends In Electronics Information & Communication Technology; 2017; Bangalore. p. 2043-2045. 13. Pandit V, Majgaonkar P, Meher P, Sapaliga S, Bojewar S. Intelligent Security Lock. In International Conference on Trends in Electronics and Informatics; 2017; Tirunelveli. p. 713-716. 14. Dutta J, Wang Y, Maitra T, Islam SH, Rawal BS, Giri D. ES3B: Enhanced Security System for Smart Building using IoT. In 2018 IEEE International Conference on Smart Cloud (SmartCloud); 2018; New York. p. 158-165. 15. Home - WEMOS.CC. [Online].; 2018 [cited 2019 June 2. Available from: https://www.wemos.cc/.