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Drug doses and intervals for pigs
APPENDIX
4
Drug doses and intervals for pigs
Suggested drug doses and intervals for pigs and concentrations of medicaments in feed are given here. Dosages listed are general recommendations and may not be optimal or efficacious in all instances and may need to be adjusted depending on the disease and its severity, patient factors such as age or diet, and because of regulatory considerations regarding milk and meat withholding times in food animals. The manufacturer’s recommendations should be checked before administering any drug, and the effect on withholding time of varying from the manufacturer’s recommendation regarding dosing should be considered. Local regulations regarding use of drugs in animals that may be used for human food should be consulted. Doses are given in milligrams per kilogram body weight (mg/kg) unless otherwise stated (g = gram, IU = international units). Drugs given as total doses are denoted by TD. Dosing interval is given in hours, unless otherwise stated, or unless given as a single dose (SD). The route of administration is indicated as follows: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), oral (PO), subcutaneous (SC), or intraperitoneal (IP). One ton = 1016 kg.
PIGS
Drug
Dose (mg/kg) or (Concentration in feed or water)
Interval (h)
Route
Acepromazine maleate
0.03–0.5
SD
IM, IV, SC
Acetazolamide
6–8
SD
IV, IM, PO
Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin)
10
4
PO
Amoxicillin trihydrate
6.6–22 6.6–22
8–24 12–24
IM PO
Ampicillin sodium
6–8
8
IM, SC
Ampicillin trihydrate
4.4–22
8–24
IM
Amprolium hydrochloride
25–65
12–24
PO (3–4 days)
Apramycin sulfate
10–20 (150 g/ton)
24
PO
Arsanilate, sodium
(700 mg per 4 L drinking water for 7 days)
Aspirin; see Acetylsalicylic acid Atropine sulfate
0.02–0.04
SD
IM
Azaperone
1–2
SD
IM
Bacitracin zinc
(10–50 g/ton)
Bacitracin methylene disalicylate
(250 g/ton)
Baquiloprim/sulfadimidine
10
24
IM
Bismuth subsalicylate
2–5 mL, TD (piglets)
6–12
PO (2 days)
Bromhexine hydrochloride
0.2–0.5
24
IM, PO
Calcium gluconate
150–250
SD
IV (slow, to effect), IM, SC, IP
Carbadox
(50 g/ton)
Ceftiofur crystalline free acid
5
SD
IM (neck)
Ceftiofur hydrochloride
3–5
24
IM (3 days)
Ceftiofur sodium
3–5
24
IM (3 days)
Chlorpromazine hydrochloride
0.6–3.3 1–4
SD SD
IV IM
Chlortetracycline
10–20 (50–100 g/ton)
24
PO
Cloprostenol sodium
0.18, TD
SD
IM
Dantrolene sodium
3.5
SD
IV
Dexamethasone
0.06 (1–10, TD)
SD, 24
IM
Dexamethasone 21-isonicotinate
0.02–0.1
SD, 96
IM
Diazepam
0.55–2.0
SD
IM
Dichlorvos
17 (334–500 g/ton)
SD
PO
Dimetridazole
10–25
24
PO
Dexamethasone sodium phosphate see Dexamethasone
2232
Appendix 4
■
Drug doses and intervals for pigs
2233
PIGS
Drug
Dose (mg/kg) or (Concentration in feed or water)
Interval (h)
Route
Dinoprost tromethamine
15 TD then 10 TD (estrus induction); 5–10 TD (abortifacient); 10–25 TD (induce parturition)
separate doses by 12 hours SD SD
IM IM IM
Dipyrone
50
SD
IM, IV, SC
Doramectin
0.3
SD
IM, SC
Doxapram hydrochloride
5–10
SD
IV
Doxylamine succinate
0.5
8
PO, IM, SC
Edrophonium chloride
0.5–1.0
SD
IV
Enrofloxacin
7.5–12.5
SD
IM, SC
1 mg/mL
0.01–0.02 mL/kg
SD
IM, SC
1 mg/mL
0.1–0.2 mL/kg
SD
IM, SC
Erythromycin estolate, ethylsuccinate
2.2–22
24
IM
Fenbendazole
5
SD
PO
3 (10–80 g/ton)
24
PO
Ferrous sulfate
0.5–2
24
PO
Flunixin meglumine
2.2
SD
IM
Follicle stimulating hormone
1000–1500 IU TD
SD
IM
Gallamine triethiodide
4 then 0.8 to effect
SD
IV
Griseofulvin
20
24
PO
Guaifenesin
44–88
SD
IV
Hygromycin B
(12 g/ton)
Iron dextran
100 mg, TD (piglet)
SD
IM
Ivermectin
0.3
SD
IM
Kaolin pectate
0.2 mL/kg
4
PO
Ketamine hydrochloride (after appropriate premedication)
11
SD
IM
Levamisole
8
SD
PO
Lincomycin hydrochloride
11
24
IM
2–10 (40–200 g/ton)
24
PO
Luprostiol
7.5 TD
SD
IM
Mannitol
1–2 g/kg
SD
IV (slow)
Marbofloxacin
2 mg/kg
24
IM
Mineral oil
2–8 mL/kg
SD
PO
Morphine sulfate
0.2–0.9
SD
IM
Moxidectin
0.4
SD
SC, PO
Neomycin sulfate
7–12
12
PO
Neostigmine
0.06
SD
IM
Oxfendazole
3 mg/kg once orally
SD
PO
Oxibendazole
15
SD
PO
Oxymorphone
0.075 (with ketamine and xylazine)
SD
IV
Oxytetracycline
2–10 / 10–30
12–24 / 12–24
IM, SC / PO
Oxytocin
0.1–0.2 (agalactia) (2–10 IU)
3–4
IM
Penicillin G, benzathine
4.5 (11000–22000 IU/kg)
48–96
IM
Penicillin G, procaine
6–20 (6000–40000 IU/kg)
12–24
IM
Pentazocine
2.0
SD
IM
Pentobarbital
30 (to effect)
SD
IV
Epinephrine
Continued
2234
Appendix 4
■
Drug doses and intervals for pigs
PIGS
Dose (mg/kg) or (Concentration in feed or water)
Interval (h)
Route
120–200 (for euthanasia)
SD
IV
Phenylbutazone
4
24
PO, IV
Phytomenadione (vitamin K1)
0.5–2.5
SD
IM, IV (slow)
Piperazine
110
SD
PO
Prednisolone sodium succinate
0.2–1.0
SD, 24
IV, IM
Pyrantel pamoate
22
SD
PO
6.6 (pot-bellied pigs)
SD
PO
Pyrantel tartrate
22 (96 g/ton)
SD
PO
Pyrilamine maleate
0.5–1.0
SD
IM
Roxarsone
182 g/ton
Drug
Pentobarbitone see pentobarbital
Sodium arsanilate see arsanilate, sodium Sodium chloride (hypertonic, 7.0%)
4 mL
SD
IV
Sodium sulfate
0.25–0.5
SD
PO
Spectinomycin HCl
11
12–24
PO
6.6–22
24
IM
Streptomycin
13
12–24
IM
Sulfachloropyridazine
44–70
24
PO
Sulfadiazine/trimethoprim
48
24
PO
Sulfadoxine/trimethoprim
15
12–24
IM
Sulfonamide/trimethoprim
15–30
24
IM, PO
Suxamethonium chloride
2
SD
IV
Tetracycline hydrochloride
10–40
12/24
PO
Thiabendazole
50–75
SD
PO
Thiamine hydrochloride (vitamin B1)
5–10 mg/kg
SD
IV, IM, PO
Thiamylal sodium
6.6–11
SD
IV
Thiopental
5.5–11
SD
IV
Tiaprost
0.3–0.6 TD
SD
IM
Tiamulin
2–10 / 10–15 (35–200 g/ton)
24 / 24
PO / IM
Tildipirosin
4
SD
IM
Tilmicosin
10–20 (180–360 g/ton)
24
PO
Tripelennamine hydrochloride
1
8–12
IV, IM
Tubocurarine chloride
0.4 then 0.08
SD, to effect
IV
Tylosin
8.8 (40–100 g/ton)
12
IM, PO
Valnemulin
1.25–10
24 / 24
PO
Virginiamycin
(25–100 g/ton)
Sources: Bishop Y. The veterinary formulary, 6th ed. London: The Pharmaceutical Press, 2005; Cowart RP, Casteel SW. An outline of swine diseases. A handbook, 2nd ed. Iowa State University Press, 2002; Plumb DC. Plumb’s veterinary drug handbook, 8th ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2015; and other sources.
4
Drug doses and intervals for pigs
Suggested drug doses and intervals for pigs and concentrations of medicaments in feed are given here. Dosages listed are general recommendations and may not be optimal or efficacious in all instances and may need to be adjusted depending on the disease and its severity, patient factors such as age or diet, and because of regulatory considerations regarding milk and meat withholding times in food animals. The manufacturer’s recommendations should be checked before administering any drug, and the effect on withholding time of varying from the manufacturer’s recommendation regarding dosing should be considered. Local regulations regarding use of drugs in animals that may be used for human food should be consulted. Doses are given in milligrams per kilogram body weight (mg/kg) unless otherwise stated (g = gram, IU = international units). Drugs given as total doses are denoted by TD. Dosing interval is given in hours, unless otherwise stated, or unless given as a single dose (SD). The route of administration is indicated as follows: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), oral (PO), subcutaneous (SC), or intraperitoneal (IP). One ton = 1016 kg.
PIGS
Drug
Dose (mg/kg) or (Concentration in feed or water)
Interval (h)
Route
Acepromazine maleate
0.03–0.5
SD
IM, IV, SC
Acetazolamide
6–8
SD
IV, IM, PO
Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin)
10
4
PO
Amoxicillin trihydrate
6.6–22 6.6–22
8–24 12–24
IM PO
Ampicillin sodium
6–8
8
IM, SC
Ampicillin trihydrate
4.4–22
8–24
IM
Amprolium hydrochloride
25–65
12–24
PO (3–4 days)
Apramycin sulfate
10–20 (150 g/ton)
24
PO
Arsanilate, sodium
(700 mg per 4 L drinking water for 7 days)
Aspirin; see Acetylsalicylic acid Atropine sulfate
0.02–0.04
SD
IM
Azaperone
1–2
SD
IM
Bacitracin zinc
(10–50 g/ton)
Bacitracin methylene disalicylate
(250 g/ton)
Baquiloprim/sulfadimidine
10
24
IM
Bismuth subsalicylate
2–5 mL, TD (piglets)
6–12
PO (2 days)
Bromhexine hydrochloride
0.2–0.5
24
IM, PO
Calcium gluconate
150–250
SD
IV (slow, to effect), IM, SC, IP
Carbadox
(50 g/ton)
Ceftiofur crystalline free acid
5
SD
IM (neck)
Ceftiofur hydrochloride
3–5
24
IM (3 days)
Ceftiofur sodium
3–5
24
IM (3 days)
Chlorpromazine hydrochloride
0.6–3.3 1–4
SD SD
IV IM
Chlortetracycline
10–20 (50–100 g/ton)
24
PO
Cloprostenol sodium
0.18, TD
SD
IM
Dantrolene sodium
3.5
SD
IV
Dexamethasone
0.06 (1–10, TD)
SD, 24
IM
Dexamethasone 21-isonicotinate
0.02–0.1
SD, 96
IM
Diazepam
0.55–2.0
SD
IM
Dichlorvos
17 (334–500 g/ton)
SD
PO
Dimetridazole
10–25
24
PO
Dexamethasone sodium phosphate see Dexamethasone
2232
Appendix 4
■
Drug doses and intervals for pigs
2233
PIGS
Drug
Dose (mg/kg) or (Concentration in feed or water)
Interval (h)
Route
Dinoprost tromethamine
15 TD then 10 TD (estrus induction); 5–10 TD (abortifacient); 10–25 TD (induce parturition)
separate doses by 12 hours SD SD
IM IM IM
Dipyrone
50
SD
IM, IV, SC
Doramectin
0.3
SD
IM, SC
Doxapram hydrochloride
5–10
SD
IV
Doxylamine succinate
0.5
8
PO, IM, SC
Edrophonium chloride
0.5–1.0
SD
IV
Enrofloxacin
7.5–12.5
SD
IM, SC
1 mg/mL
0.01–0.02 mL/kg
SD
IM, SC
1 mg/mL
0.1–0.2 mL/kg
SD
IM, SC
Erythromycin estolate, ethylsuccinate
2.2–22
24
IM
Fenbendazole
5
SD
PO
3 (10–80 g/ton)
24
PO
Ferrous sulfate
0.5–2
24
PO
Flunixin meglumine
2.2
SD
IM
Follicle stimulating hormone
1000–1500 IU TD
SD
IM
Gallamine triethiodide
4 then 0.8 to effect
SD
IV
Griseofulvin
20
24
PO
Guaifenesin
44–88
SD
IV
Hygromycin B
(12 g/ton)
Iron dextran
100 mg, TD (piglet)
SD
IM
Ivermectin
0.3
SD
IM
Kaolin pectate
0.2 mL/kg
4
PO
Ketamine hydrochloride (after appropriate premedication)
11
SD
IM
Levamisole
8
SD
PO
Lincomycin hydrochloride
11
24
IM
2–10 (40–200 g/ton)
24
PO
Luprostiol
7.5 TD
SD
IM
Mannitol
1–2 g/kg
SD
IV (slow)
Marbofloxacin
2 mg/kg
24
IM
Mineral oil
2–8 mL/kg
SD
PO
Morphine sulfate
0.2–0.9
SD
IM
Moxidectin
0.4
SD
SC, PO
Neomycin sulfate
7–12
12
PO
Neostigmine
0.06
SD
IM
Oxfendazole
3 mg/kg once orally
SD
PO
Oxibendazole
15
SD
PO
Oxymorphone
0.075 (with ketamine and xylazine)
SD
IV
Oxytetracycline
2–10 / 10–30
12–24 / 12–24
IM, SC / PO
Oxytocin
0.1–0.2 (agalactia) (2–10 IU)
3–4
IM
Penicillin G, benzathine
4.5 (11000–22000 IU/kg)
48–96
IM
Penicillin G, procaine
6–20 (6000–40000 IU/kg)
12–24
IM
Pentazocine
2.0
SD
IM
Pentobarbital
30 (to effect)
SD
IV
Epinephrine
Continued
2234
Appendix 4
■
Drug doses and intervals for pigs
PIGS
Dose (mg/kg) or (Concentration in feed or water)
Interval (h)
Route
120–200 (for euthanasia)
SD
IV
Phenylbutazone
4
24
PO, IV
Phytomenadione (vitamin K1)
0.5–2.5
SD
IM, IV (slow)
Piperazine
110
SD
PO
Prednisolone sodium succinate
0.2–1.0
SD, 24
IV, IM
Pyrantel pamoate
22
SD
PO
6.6 (pot-bellied pigs)
SD
PO
Pyrantel tartrate
22 (96 g/ton)
SD
PO
Pyrilamine maleate
0.5–1.0
SD
IM
Roxarsone
182 g/ton
Drug
Pentobarbitone see pentobarbital
Sodium arsanilate see arsanilate, sodium Sodium chloride (hypertonic, 7.0%)
4 mL
SD
IV
Sodium sulfate
0.25–0.5
SD
PO
Spectinomycin HCl
11
12–24
PO
6.6–22
24
IM
Streptomycin
13
12–24
IM
Sulfachloropyridazine
44–70
24
PO
Sulfadiazine/trimethoprim
48
24
PO
Sulfadoxine/trimethoprim
15
12–24
IM
Sulfonamide/trimethoprim
15–30
24
IM, PO
Suxamethonium chloride
2
SD
IV
Tetracycline hydrochloride
10–40
12/24
PO
Thiabendazole
50–75
SD
PO
Thiamine hydrochloride (vitamin B1)
5–10 mg/kg
SD
IV, IM, PO
Thiamylal sodium
6.6–11
SD
IV
Thiopental
5.5–11
SD
IV
Tiaprost
0.3–0.6 TD
SD
IM
Tiamulin
2–10 / 10–15 (35–200 g/ton)
24 / 24
PO / IM
Tildipirosin
4
SD
IM
Tilmicosin
10–20 (180–360 g/ton)
24
PO
Tripelennamine hydrochloride
1
8–12
IV, IM
Tubocurarine chloride
0.4 then 0.08
SD, to effect
IV
Tylosin
8.8 (40–100 g/ton)
12
IM, PO
Valnemulin
1.25–10
24 / 24
PO
Virginiamycin
(25–100 g/ton)
Sources: Bishop Y. The veterinary formulary, 6th ed. London: The Pharmaceutical Press, 2005; Cowart RP, Casteel SW. An outline of swine diseases. A handbook, 2nd ed. Iowa State University Press, 2002; Plumb DC. Plumb’s veterinary drug handbook, 8th ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2015; and other sources.