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DRUNKENNESS IN RUSSIA.
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Kingdom do not owe their position to their connexion with library which we believe to be unique. There is also any society and an invitation issued in their names by a a new lecture theatre available for both bacteriology and general committee would carry much more weight than one physiology. In the same block there are also very fine issued by the council of the Obstetrical or Gynaecological rooms and laboratories to be devoted to teaching and Societies. In a matter of this kind the disagreements of research in geology and botany. The College museum also been moved and the old museum has been reconstructed and fitted for the architectural department. The transference of the physiological department to the new buildings has enabled the anatomical department to obtain much-needed additions by absorbing the old physiological laboratories. There have also been great improvements made in the accommodation for teaching physics, pathology, materia medica, and state DRUNKENNESS IN RUSSIA. medicine as a result of the additions to the College premises. WE have already informed our readers1 that even in The new laboratories will be open for inspection after the Russia the offence of drunkenness is coming to be regarded ceremony and any member of the profession who has not much more seriously by the law than has hitherto been the received an invitation to be present may obtain one by case. Both parties in the Royal Commission presided over applying to the secretary of the College. by Lord Peel recommend that drunkenness per se in public should henceforth be considered an offence, but we scarcely ETIOLOGY OF PELLAGRA. venture to expect such rigorous enactments in this country IN Il Policlinico of Sept. lst Dr. Ferrati of Pavia records as those which have been already brought into action in some observations which he has made on the symptoms proRussia. In accordance with these all persons found induced by fungus-infected maize. In 1896 he and Dr. Gosio toxicated in streets and public places will be sentenced to in the Rivista d’Igiene e Sanitb Picbbliccz researches published terms of imprisonment varying from three days to a that the watery or alcoholic extract of maize (1) showing fortnight. A repetition of the offence is punishable with containing is very toxic for the common grey hyphomycetes three months’ imprisonment. If the accused is remanded mouse (mus musculus), and (2) that the toxicity is due to, or the time which he spends in prison whilst he is awaiting associated with, a putrefaction simultaneously giving rise to his trial is not to count in his favour. It is s’1.id that the to the aromatic series (" fermentazione effect of this law, if rigidly applied to all drunkards in products belonging Dr. Ferrati and Dr. Gosio used only the aromatica "). the streets, will be to throw at least 10 per cent. of the common mouse for their experiments, this animal being population into gaol. very sensitive to the toxins elaborated in maize. Dr. Pelizzi THE NEW LABORATORIES OF KING’S COLLEGE, and Dr. Tirelli had, however, announced in 1894 that the
individual societies should not be allowed to intervene.
We feel sure that in a few years’ time a meeting in this country of the International Congress of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, invited by a representative committee of the obstetricians and gynecologists of Great Britain and Ireland, should not fail to be an unqualified success.
has
-
LONDON. THE new science laboratories of King’s College, London, will be formally opened on Tuesday, O’Jt. 30th, at 5 P.M., by Lord Lister, P.R.S. The Lord Mayor and sheriffs will take part in the ceremony, and a great number of invitations have been sent to representatives of learned societies, City companies, and local governing bodies, as well as to members of the teaching staffs of other colleges and medical schools. King’s College has long held a prominent position on account of the excellence of the teaching which is carried on within its walls. The popularity of the classes, especially of those attended by non-matriculated students, and the demands for further accommodation for original research have necessitated such an increase of space as to involve an entire re-arrangement of the existing laboratories. The council wisely decided to meet this need by providing new buildings, structural alterations, and new equipment which will cost over 20,000. An appeal was made to the public which, in spite of the demands for the various war funds, was generously, however inade quately, responded to. The new scheme was nevertheless carried out and a large debt has been incurred, bnt the College has at any rate the satisfaction of possessing laboratories for physiology, bacteriology, biology, botany, and geology which can compete with the best laboratories of the continental schools. The physiological laboratories are entirely new and form a magnificent suite of rooms con sisting of a very large central laboratory fitted with all the requisite apparatus, a room for advanced classes, a laboratory for physiological chemistry, and a room for the professor. The bacteriological department, which since its foundation nearly 15 years ago has been the most complete of its kind attached to any medical school in England, has been considerably enlarged. There are a technical laboratory, a new class-room, a research-room, and a bacteriological 1 THE LANCET, July 14th, 1900, p. 121.
putrefaction products
of maize
containing hyphomycetes
not toxic for rabbits or dogs, and with the object of testing this statement Dr. Ferrati continued his researches were
good maize sterilised in a current of steam at 100° 0. for 30 minutes on three successive days. Having remained sterile for the next three days the porridge was treated with spores of penicillium glaucum suspended in sterilised water. The penicillium glaucum had been freshly isolated from maize, and when it was cultivated on Raulin’s fluid there was an abundant production of phenols giving a red-violet colour with ferric chloride. In a few experiments common yellow bread or bread made with a mixture of maize and rye such as is sold in the shops in Pavia was submitted to the same process. The porridge or bread thus treated was left in the dark at the ordinary temperature for eight days and was then extracted with alcohol, the extract thus obtained being afterwards dissolved in water and administered to various animals either subcutaneously, intravenously, or mixed with their food. Except with mice all attempts to produce acute poisoning with the extract failed, but chronic poisoning could unquestionably be brought about in dogs, although not in rabbits. A dog weighing 5 lb. treated with subcutaneous injections of the extract on alternate days became in 16 days affected with general debility, drowsiness, and profuse diarrhoea and died 35 days later-namely, 51 days from the comA second dog weighing mencement of the experiment. 12 lb. was fed plentifully with good bread, to which were added every day 150 grammes of the porridge or bread containing penicillium glaucum, boiled with sugar and water or milk. In 64 days it suffered from general debility, stiffness of the body and of the hind legs, dysphagia, and diarrhoea with blood in the fseces. 43 days later it was attacked with convulsions and the feeding with the fungus-infected maize was then finally abandoned. The convulsions ceased in about a week and the animal gained a little of the weight which it during 1897. Porridge (°°polenta") made flour was cut into large thin slices which
with
were
Kingdom do not owe their position to their connexion with library which we believe to be unique. There is also any society and an invitation issued in their names by a a new lecture theatre available for both bacteriology and general committee would carry much more weight than one physiology. In the same block there are also very fine issued by the council of the Obstetrical or Gynaecological rooms and laboratories to be devoted to teaching and Societies. In a matter of this kind the disagreements of research in geology and botany. The College museum also been moved and the old museum has been reconstructed and fitted for the architectural department. The transference of the physiological department to the new buildings has enabled the anatomical department to obtain much-needed additions by absorbing the old physiological laboratories. There have also been great improvements made in the accommodation for teaching physics, pathology, materia medica, and state DRUNKENNESS IN RUSSIA. medicine as a result of the additions to the College premises. WE have already informed our readers1 that even in The new laboratories will be open for inspection after the Russia the offence of drunkenness is coming to be regarded ceremony and any member of the profession who has not much more seriously by the law than has hitherto been the received an invitation to be present may obtain one by case. Both parties in the Royal Commission presided over applying to the secretary of the College. by Lord Peel recommend that drunkenness per se in public should henceforth be considered an offence, but we scarcely ETIOLOGY OF PELLAGRA. venture to expect such rigorous enactments in this country IN Il Policlinico of Sept. lst Dr. Ferrati of Pavia records as those which have been already brought into action in some observations which he has made on the symptoms proRussia. In accordance with these all persons found induced by fungus-infected maize. In 1896 he and Dr. Gosio toxicated in streets and public places will be sentenced to in the Rivista d’Igiene e Sanitb Picbbliccz researches published terms of imprisonment varying from three days to a that the watery or alcoholic extract of maize (1) showing fortnight. A repetition of the offence is punishable with containing is very toxic for the common grey hyphomycetes three months’ imprisonment. If the accused is remanded mouse (mus musculus), and (2) that the toxicity is due to, or the time which he spends in prison whilst he is awaiting associated with, a putrefaction simultaneously giving rise to his trial is not to count in his favour. It is s’1.id that the to the aromatic series (" fermentazione effect of this law, if rigidly applied to all drunkards in products belonging Dr. Ferrati and Dr. Gosio used only the aromatica "). the streets, will be to throw at least 10 per cent. of the common mouse for their experiments, this animal being population into gaol. very sensitive to the toxins elaborated in maize. Dr. Pelizzi THE NEW LABORATORIES OF KING’S COLLEGE, and Dr. Tirelli had, however, announced in 1894 that the
individual societies should not be allowed to intervene.
We feel sure that in a few years’ time a meeting in this country of the International Congress of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, invited by a representative committee of the obstetricians and gynecologists of Great Britain and Ireland, should not fail to be an unqualified success.
has
-
LONDON. THE new science laboratories of King’s College, London, will be formally opened on Tuesday, O’Jt. 30th, at 5 P.M., by Lord Lister, P.R.S. The Lord Mayor and sheriffs will take part in the ceremony, and a great number of invitations have been sent to representatives of learned societies, City companies, and local governing bodies, as well as to members of the teaching staffs of other colleges and medical schools. King’s College has long held a prominent position on account of the excellence of the teaching which is carried on within its walls. The popularity of the classes, especially of those attended by non-matriculated students, and the demands for further accommodation for original research have necessitated such an increase of space as to involve an entire re-arrangement of the existing laboratories. The council wisely decided to meet this need by providing new buildings, structural alterations, and new equipment which will cost over 20,000. An appeal was made to the public which, in spite of the demands for the various war funds, was generously, however inade quately, responded to. The new scheme was nevertheless carried out and a large debt has been incurred, bnt the College has at any rate the satisfaction of possessing laboratories for physiology, bacteriology, biology, botany, and geology which can compete with the best laboratories of the continental schools. The physiological laboratories are entirely new and form a magnificent suite of rooms con sisting of a very large central laboratory fitted with all the requisite apparatus, a room for advanced classes, a laboratory for physiological chemistry, and a room for the professor. The bacteriological department, which since its foundation nearly 15 years ago has been the most complete of its kind attached to any medical school in England, has been considerably enlarged. There are a technical laboratory, a new class-room, a research-room, and a bacteriological 1 THE LANCET, July 14th, 1900, p. 121.
putrefaction products
of maize
containing hyphomycetes
not toxic for rabbits or dogs, and with the object of testing this statement Dr. Ferrati continued his researches were
good maize sterilised in a current of steam at 100° 0. for 30 minutes on three successive days. Having remained sterile for the next three days the porridge was treated with spores of penicillium glaucum suspended in sterilised water. The penicillium glaucum had been freshly isolated from maize, and when it was cultivated on Raulin’s fluid there was an abundant production of phenols giving a red-violet colour with ferric chloride. In a few experiments common yellow bread or bread made with a mixture of maize and rye such as is sold in the shops in Pavia was submitted to the same process. The porridge or bread thus treated was left in the dark at the ordinary temperature for eight days and was then extracted with alcohol, the extract thus obtained being afterwards dissolved in water and administered to various animals either subcutaneously, intravenously, or mixed with their food. Except with mice all attempts to produce acute poisoning with the extract failed, but chronic poisoning could unquestionably be brought about in dogs, although not in rabbits. A dog weighing 5 lb. treated with subcutaneous injections of the extract on alternate days became in 16 days affected with general debility, drowsiness, and profuse diarrhoea and died 35 days later-namely, 51 days from the comA second dog weighing mencement of the experiment. 12 lb. was fed plentifully with good bread, to which were added every day 150 grammes of the porridge or bread containing penicillium glaucum, boiled with sugar and water or milk. In 64 days it suffered from general debility, stiffness of the body and of the hind legs, dysphagia, and diarrhoea with blood in the fseces. 43 days later it was attacked with convulsions and the feeding with the fungus-infected maize was then finally abandoned. The convulsions ceased in about a week and the animal gained a little of the weight which it during 1897. Porridge (°°polenta") made flour was cut into large thin slices which
with
were