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Dynamic modelling and design of earthquake-resistant walls
SURFACE STRUCTURES:DYNAMIC LOADS
183A
954262 The management of sewage sludge by the water industry in England and Wales g. A. Crichton, Geotechnical & Geological Engineering, 12(3), 1994, pp 183-212.
954266 Dynamic modelling and design of earthquake-resistant walls P. Linde & H. Bachmann, Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, 23(12), 1993, pp 1331-1350.
The legislative framework within which the disposal of sewage sludge is managed in England and Wales and the methods employed arc outlined. Those factors which affect management decisions are analysed and consideration is given to the environmental implications of those decisions. Sewage processes and sludge disposal arc considered, and the problems, especially those of heavy metal contamination, are addressed. An indication is given as to how the Water Services Companies arc likely to implement the more stringent controls on disposal. Finally, the future of sludge management in England and Wales is discussed. (Author)
This paper presents a newly developed model for the simulation of the dynamic behaviour of earthquake-resistant multistorey walls. The model, based on an earlier proposal by Kabeyasawa et al. consists of non-linear springs connected by rigid beams. The model properties are derived based on elastic theory for cantilever walls as well as non-linear physical behaviour of wall cross-sections supplemented by empirical data. The model behaviour is checked against experimental results and then the model is applied in an example comprising a non-linear time history analysis of an eight-storey wall structure. Based on the findings from the numerical model, improved capacity design rules for walls are proposed. (Authors)
Influence of dynamic loads 954263 Performance parameters for pseudodynalnic tests C. Thewalt & M. Roman, Journal of Structural Engineering ASCE, 120(9), 1994, pp 2768-2781. The pseudodynamic test method is an experimental technique that is commonly used worldwide for seismic performance testing. M a n y studies have shown that the method can provide realisticresults,but the resultsare known to be quite sensitiveto experimental errors.There has been littlework to identify parameters that could be used during and after testing to estimate the quality of a given test.Ideally, such parameters could identify experimental problems early enough in a test to allow an orderly systern shutdown and evaluation before the specimen is damaged. The parameters could also be used after testingdata to ensure the test ran without significant errors, providing confidence in the measured response quantities.(Authors) 954264 Generation of hazard-consistent fragility curves H. H. M. Hwang & Jun-Rong Hue, Soil Dynamics & Earthquake Engineering, 13(5), 1994, pp 345-354. This paper presents an analytical method for generating fragility curves of structures. In the proposed method, seismic sources, path attenuation, local soil conditions, and nonlinear building behavior are systematically considered. The uncertainties in the earthquake-site-structure system are quantified by considering the uncertainties in the seismic, site, and structural parameters that define the system. As an illustration, the proposed method is used to generate fragility curves and a damage probability matrix for Smith Hall on the main campus of The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee. (Authors)
954265 Dynamic response of 2D and 3D block foundations on a halfspace with inclusions H. Antes & O. Von Estorff, Soil Dynamics & Earthquake Engineering, 13(5), 1994, pp 305-311. The present study aims to demonstrate how the dynamic behaviour of structures is affected by local inhomogeneities inside the soil. Particularly, the influence of block-shaped elastic inclusions directly beneath a vertically vibrating block foundation is considered. Comparisons between 2D and 3D modelling of the soil-structure system are made. It can be observed that, depending on the stiffness of the inclusion and especially on the excitation frequency, the dynamic response of the foundation may either increase or decrease. (Authors)
954267 An experimental study on the use of dynamic tests for surveillance of concrete structures J. R. Casas, Materials & Structures, 27(174), 1994, pp 588595. A method is presented for the use of dynamic response as an inspection and surveillance tool for the long term monitoring of concrete structures (mainly bridges) and for the analysis of these dynamic experimental data to ensure their correct use to this end. The method is based upon the definition of a finite element model for the structure, for the identification of stiffness characteristics (related to cracking) starting from modal dynamic parameters (natural frequencies and mode shapes) derived from dynamic tests. In order to check the feasibility and accuracy of the method presented, several damage identification tests were performed in the laboratory on groups of reinforced concrete beams with different and well defined cracking patterns. Dynamic response was measured by acceleration transducers. This experimental verification clearly shows the effectiveness of the proposed method in the identification of location extension and amount of cracking. (from Author)
954268 Response of pile group embedded in a layered soilsuperstructure interaction system to arbitrary incident seismic waves (in Chinese) Chen Qingjun & Xu Zhixin, Earthquake Engineering & Engineering Vibration, 14(1), 1994, pp 36-44. A semi-analytical method to calculate the response of a pile group embedded in a layered soil - superstructure interaction system to arbitrary incident seismic waves is presented. The plane - strain assumption used for dynamic analysis of pile foundations is abandoned and Kausel's dynamic Green's function is used to form the soil flexibility matrix. The pile is modelled by beam elements. The results of a numerical study on the behavior of pile foundation - superstructure interaction system subjected to SH and P waves with different angles of incidence are presented. The method developed in this paper has the advantage of high accuracy and less computational time. (from English summary)
954269 Estimation methods of equivalent modal damping ratio of tall buildings with soil - structure interaction (in Chinese) Shang Shiyang, Earthquake Engineering & Engineering Vibration, 14(1), 1994, pp 83-88. Five methods, the modal shape method, strain energy method, kinetic energy weighted method, transfer function method and proportional damping ratio method, are studied. The numerical example of a ten floor building is analyzed under the action of El Centre seismic input. The damping and
183A
954262 The management of sewage sludge by the water industry in England and Wales g. A. Crichton, Geotechnical & Geological Engineering, 12(3), 1994, pp 183-212.
954266 Dynamic modelling and design of earthquake-resistant walls P. Linde & H. Bachmann, Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, 23(12), 1993, pp 1331-1350.
The legislative framework within which the disposal of sewage sludge is managed in England and Wales and the methods employed arc outlined. Those factors which affect management decisions are analysed and consideration is given to the environmental implications of those decisions. Sewage processes and sludge disposal arc considered, and the problems, especially those of heavy metal contamination, are addressed. An indication is given as to how the Water Services Companies arc likely to implement the more stringent controls on disposal. Finally, the future of sludge management in England and Wales is discussed. (Author)
This paper presents a newly developed model for the simulation of the dynamic behaviour of earthquake-resistant multistorey walls. The model, based on an earlier proposal by Kabeyasawa et al. consists of non-linear springs connected by rigid beams. The model properties are derived based on elastic theory for cantilever walls as well as non-linear physical behaviour of wall cross-sections supplemented by empirical data. The model behaviour is checked against experimental results and then the model is applied in an example comprising a non-linear time history analysis of an eight-storey wall structure. Based on the findings from the numerical model, improved capacity design rules for walls are proposed. (Authors)
Influence of dynamic loads 954263 Performance parameters for pseudodynalnic tests C. Thewalt & M. Roman, Journal of Structural Engineering ASCE, 120(9), 1994, pp 2768-2781. The pseudodynamic test method is an experimental technique that is commonly used worldwide for seismic performance testing. M a n y studies have shown that the method can provide realisticresults,but the resultsare known to be quite sensitiveto experimental errors.There has been littlework to identify parameters that could be used during and after testing to estimate the quality of a given test.Ideally, such parameters could identify experimental problems early enough in a test to allow an orderly systern shutdown and evaluation before the specimen is damaged. The parameters could also be used after testingdata to ensure the test ran without significant errors, providing confidence in the measured response quantities.(Authors) 954264 Generation of hazard-consistent fragility curves H. H. M. Hwang & Jun-Rong Hue, Soil Dynamics & Earthquake Engineering, 13(5), 1994, pp 345-354. This paper presents an analytical method for generating fragility curves of structures. In the proposed method, seismic sources, path attenuation, local soil conditions, and nonlinear building behavior are systematically considered. The uncertainties in the earthquake-site-structure system are quantified by considering the uncertainties in the seismic, site, and structural parameters that define the system. As an illustration, the proposed method is used to generate fragility curves and a damage probability matrix for Smith Hall on the main campus of The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee. (Authors)
954265 Dynamic response of 2D and 3D block foundations on a halfspace with inclusions H. Antes & O. Von Estorff, Soil Dynamics & Earthquake Engineering, 13(5), 1994, pp 305-311. The present study aims to demonstrate how the dynamic behaviour of structures is affected by local inhomogeneities inside the soil. Particularly, the influence of block-shaped elastic inclusions directly beneath a vertically vibrating block foundation is considered. Comparisons between 2D and 3D modelling of the soil-structure system are made. It can be observed that, depending on the stiffness of the inclusion and especially on the excitation frequency, the dynamic response of the foundation may either increase or decrease. (Authors)
954267 An experimental study on the use of dynamic tests for surveillance of concrete structures J. R. Casas, Materials & Structures, 27(174), 1994, pp 588595. A method is presented for the use of dynamic response as an inspection and surveillance tool for the long term monitoring of concrete structures (mainly bridges) and for the analysis of these dynamic experimental data to ensure their correct use to this end. The method is based upon the definition of a finite element model for the structure, for the identification of stiffness characteristics (related to cracking) starting from modal dynamic parameters (natural frequencies and mode shapes) derived from dynamic tests. In order to check the feasibility and accuracy of the method presented, several damage identification tests were performed in the laboratory on groups of reinforced concrete beams with different and well defined cracking patterns. Dynamic response was measured by acceleration transducers. This experimental verification clearly shows the effectiveness of the proposed method in the identification of location extension and amount of cracking. (from Author)
954268 Response of pile group embedded in a layered soilsuperstructure interaction system to arbitrary incident seismic waves (in Chinese) Chen Qingjun & Xu Zhixin, Earthquake Engineering & Engineering Vibration, 14(1), 1994, pp 36-44. A semi-analytical method to calculate the response of a pile group embedded in a layered soil - superstructure interaction system to arbitrary incident seismic waves is presented. The plane - strain assumption used for dynamic analysis of pile foundations is abandoned and Kausel's dynamic Green's function is used to form the soil flexibility matrix. The pile is modelled by beam elements. The results of a numerical study on the behavior of pile foundation - superstructure interaction system subjected to SH and P waves with different angles of incidence are presented. The method developed in this paper has the advantage of high accuracy and less computational time. (from English summary)
954269 Estimation methods of equivalent modal damping ratio of tall buildings with soil - structure interaction (in Chinese) Shang Shiyang, Earthquake Engineering & Engineering Vibration, 14(1), 1994, pp 83-88. Five methods, the modal shape method, strain energy method, kinetic energy weighted method, transfer function method and proportional damping ratio method, are studied. The numerical example of a ten floor building is analyzed under the action of El Centre seismic input. The damping and