or depression

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Abstracts / Journal of the Neurological Sciences 283 (2009) 240–320

Conclusion: The cognitive deterioration is probably higher in patients with ischemic stroke in carotid territory, but to certificate this we need a study with a larger number of patients. doi:10.1016/j.jns.2009.02.293

Attentional deficits and cognitive outcomes in stroke survivors B.C. Leea, K.H. Yua, H.J Baeb, J.M. Parkc, Y.G Mind, G.H. Kwond, S. Junge, I.S Kohf, K.S. Hongg, Y.W Kangh a Department of Neurology, Hallym University, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Gyunggi, South Korea b Department of Neurology, Seoul National University, Bundang Seoul National University Hospital, Bundang, Gyunggi, South Korea c Department of Neurology, Eulji University, Nowon Eulji Hospital, Seoul, South Korea d Department of Neurology, Hallym University, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, South Korea e Department of Neurology, Hallym University, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, South Korea f Department of Neurology, National Medical Center, National Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea g Department of Neurology, Inje University, Ilsan Pack Hospital, Ilsan, Gyunggi, South Korea h Departement of Psychology, Hallym University, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Gyunggi, South Korea Background and Aims: It is well known that the attentional function is closely overlapped with executive function, which may relate particularly to the problems in activities of daily living and increase caregivers' burden of demented patients. We tried to determine whether attentional deficit developed after stroke correlated with the global cognitive outcomes and which attentional test influenced on cognitive outcomes in stroke survivors. Methods: Total 166 patients with acute ischemic stroke underwent evaluation with attentional tests within 2 weeks after stroke onset as well as neurological examination and clinical characteristics. At 3 months after stroke, 119 patients were prospectively assessed on general cognition, verbal, executive and visuospatial function, memory function with a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery again. Results: The mean (SD) age of 119 subjects was 63.9 (9.3) years, and 77 (64.7%) were men. On the average, they had 9.6 (5.3) years of education. The mean (SD) result of the Korean Mini Mental State Examination (K-MMSE) at 3 months after stroke was 26.0 (3.9). As analyzed with correlation analysis, digit span forward and backward, Stroop words and color reading, Trial Making A and B time, symbol digit modality test corrective response were significantly related with 3 months K-MMSE scores (Spearman’s correlation coefficients r = 0.32, o.63, 0.47, 0.59, −0.57, −0.54, 0.65, respectively; p < 0.05). But the latter cancellation test and the total score of the attention questionnaire did not show any significant relationship with 3 months K-MMSE scores in stroke survivor. Conclusions: The attentional deficits demonstrated in patients with acute ischemic stroke are related to the post-stroke cognitive declines, which may be explained by frontal executive dysfunction in stroke survivors. doi:10.1016/j.jns.2009.02.294

Early poststroke psychocognitive impairment: Dementia and/or depression

Neurological Clinic of “St Trinity” Hospital from Iasi, Romania. We also studied vascular risk factors (age, cardiac, cerebrovascular, lipid and endocrine disorders; smoking, alcoholism, lifestyle, obesity, brain lesions; cognitive factors like marital status, level of instruction etc.). We excluded those with aphasia or other sensory deficits, which can influence the psychocognitive evaluation also do not assess patient in first 7 days after the stroke. Results: our patients (15 with lacunar stroke, 35 with thromboembolic stroke) had relative important cognitive impairment (19 individuals with MMSE score below 20, but only 4 below 10) and relative important depression (GDS score was below 10 in 16 cases). We found correlation between some risk factors and cognitive impairment (age, hypertension, alcoholism, brain lesion, NIHSS score), also between some common factors and affective impairment. Conclusion: Cerebrovascular disease can produce important cognitive and psychological impairment which can be easily evaluated using some “bedside” tools: MMSE, GDS. We must continue this evaluation for complete reliable results, including treatment influence on psychocognitive symptoms. doi:10.1016/j.jns.2009.02.295

Prospective and retrospective memory in Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia: Similar patterns of impairment A. Livnera, E. Jonsson-Laukkaa, S. Karlssona,b, L. Backmana a Aging Research Center, Division of Geriatric Epidemiology, NVS, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden b Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Psychiatry Section, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden Backgrounds and aims: Prospective memory (ProM) involves remembering to perform actions after a delay. ProM is impaired in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), whereas it remains unclear whether ProM is affected also in vascular dementia (VaD). Retrospective memory (RetM) involves remembering events experienced in the past. As is well known, RetM is impaired in AD and VaD. Less is known about whether the patterns of impairment across the stages of encoding, consolidation and retrieval are similar in AD and VaD. The aims of this study are to examine whether 1) persons with AD and VaD differ from controls on both ProM and RetM measures, and 2) encoding, consolidation and retrieval in RetM are similarly impaired in AD and VaD. Methods: Twenty-one persons with VaD (including six with mixed dementia), 79 persons with AD and 352 controls from the Kungsholmen Project were included. To assess ProM, participants were instructed at the beginning of the session to remind the test leader to make a phone call after completing all tests. The RetM task comprised recall of a list of words from four taxonomic categories. Results: ProM was impaired in both AD and VaD. There were no differences between the dementia groups. Also for RetM, the AD and VaD groups were outperformed by the controls on all measures. Again, no performance differences were noted between the dementia groups. Conclusions: The results show that the AD-related ProM impairment generalizes to VaD. This can be expected given that frontal brain regions are strongly implicated in ProM, and frontal alterations are seen in VaD. Previous research has also shown similar patterns of cognitive impairment in AD and VaD. Also for RetM, it was impossible to separate the dementia groups on the basis of memory performance, as they were equally impaired across the stages of encoding, consolidation, and retrieval. doi:10.1016/j.jns.2009.02.296

D. Naconecinii, F. Stefanache Ist Neurological Clinic, Iasi, Romania Background: There are many interconnections between pathological mechanism involved in production of dementia and cognitive impairment even in stroke patients. Early detection and management of these disorders provided better prevention of possible dementia. The aim of this study was to explore the factors, which can affect psycho cognitive impairment of poststroke patients. Method: using the MMSE (mini-mental state examination), GDS (Geriatric Depression Scale), NIH (National Institute of Health) stroke scale we evaluated fifty consecutive patients with different type of ischemic stroke, admitted in I

Vascular dementia (VD) compared to Alzheimer disease (AD) and semantic dementia (SD) Clinical study S.M. Demea, D.C Jianub, P.D. Nanua, S.T. Kory-Calomfirescuc a Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, Arad, Romania b Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Timis, Romania c Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj Napoca, Cluj, Romania