- Email: [email protected]
Earthquake design practice for buildings
Book reviews use in different parts of the world (Japan, UK, Europe and the USA). The presentation reflects the fact that all of the authors are researchers based in either a university or national research establishment. The initial impetus for this publication arose from the work of an American Society of Civil Engineers Committee on Structural Connections so that there is a strong American influence. British engineers will notice this in, for instance, the amount of attention given to seismic design. In each chapter, the stateof-the-art is comprehensively reviewed and copiously referenced so that the book will be a valuable source of information for anyone concerned with structural steel research. Practical designers will also find much of interest although the treatment may be rather too detailed for those who are content with the mundane.
J. M. Davies Earthquake d e s i g n p r a c t i c e for b u i l d i n g s
have been applied. In the chapter on the design of reinforced concrete buildings, the author discusses the cono:pts of 'capacity design" and the way it is implemented in the design of the structures. The author presents many examples of the application of various Ioadings and materials codes to illustrate the chapters of his book. The examples include the detail design of individual beams and columns as well as aspects of connection details. The book is well written and makes a very clear presentation of the concepts, it is illustrated with a large number of photographs, diagrams and graphs. Many of the photographs show damage in Mexico City following the 1985 earthquake in addition to examples from other large earthquakes. This book can be recommended as a sound guide not only to the practising engineer who is unfamiliar with the concepts of seismic design but also to those who are familiar to the concepts but who want to concise design guide to what is sound cngincering practice.
Civil Engineering Design Guide series
David E. Key Thomas Telford, London, UK, 1988, £35.00 (UK), £40.00 (elsewhere), ISBN 0 7277 1315 9 The author is a Research Fellow in earthquake engineering at Bristol University and combines this with continuing activity as a consulting engineer. He has been recent chairman of the British Society for Earthquake and Civil Engineering Dynamics and he also has the background of chairing the Seismic Code Committee of Trinidad and Tobago which developed the first earthquake design standard for buildings in the region. The book is aimed at practising engineers who wish to learn the basic conccpts of earthquake cnginecring and how these differ from the concepts of the conventional engineering design process. tlowever, the book will be of use to the experienced but non-specialist engineer, students and all those involved in earthquake engineering. The book follows a logical progression in the coverage of seismic design, the chapter headings being: The lessons from earthquake damage; Ground motion; The calculation of structural response; Isolation and energy absorbers; Conceptual design; Design codes and lateral force design; Reinforced concrete design; Structural steelwork design; Foundations; Masonry; Non-structural elements; Non-building structures: a guide. This is one of the first books in seismic design that gives some background to the concepts of base isolation and the use of energy absorbers, together with examples of structures to which these techniques
68
Athol J. Cart
stitute (varying cable arrangement, pylon and deck bending inertia, second-order effects, etc.) which have enabled optimization rules to be developed. Since the stay cables are the most important members of these bridges, a full chapter is dedicated to their optimal choice, including details on fatigue strength and corrosion protection. Static and dynamic design analysis is then treated in detail with interesting data given on our present knowledge of aerodynamic behaviour, which plays an important role for large spans above 300 m. In the last chapter, a large number of pedestrian bridges is described. Road and railway bridge examples are rather scarce. Even aqueducts have been built with stays. In an appendix, Walther presents a short report on his famous model test with an extremely slender deck slab which proved that there is no real danger of buckling. This test opened the way for cable stayed bridges with almost no longitudinal girders and consequently very low cost. The book is almost a must for engineers who design cable stayed bridges, but it is also most valuable for academics including students, for construction engineers, for engineers on the side of the clients and even for technically interested laymen.
Cable stayed bridges
F. Leonhardt Renb Walther Thomas Telford, London, UK, 1988, 208 pages, Ffr 55.00, ISBN 72771 3213 Modern cable stayed bridges have become very popular amongst bridge engineers due to their good qualities in technical, economic and aesthetic aspects. There has been an interesting developmcnt towards greater simplification in their design and construction during the last 40 years, based on experience and research. Ren~ Walter was actively involved in this development and has complete knowledge of this new field of bridge engineering at his disposal. It is therefore most welcome that this book, written in 1985 in French, is now available in English. He offers all the information needed to make good designs for cablc stayed bridges, which can be favourable for spans from about 40m for pedestrian bridges up to 1800m for highway and railway traffic. There is a largc number of good illustrations and the text is written in a clear, easy-to-understand language. The book begins with a historical review showing that stays for bridges are very old but only became successful after high strength stcel, allowing high stresses, became available, so that the stays act like stiff tension bars. Modern criteria for the conceptual design are then described. Walther undertook a large number of parametric studies at his Lausanne In-
Eng. Struct. 1990, Vol. 12, January
Soil dynamics and liquefaction A. S. Cakmak (ed) Developments in Geotechnical Engineering Vo142, Elsevier Applied Science Publishers Ltd, The Netherlands, 1987, 378 pages, ISBN 90545169 5 This volumes contains some of the papers presented at the Third International Conference on Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, held at Princeton, NJ, on 22-24 June 1987. Prediction of the behaviour of geotechnical structures under earthquake loading is still in its infancy. There are no universal constitutive relationships of soils under static and dynamic loading. The prediction of ground motion and consequent loading on structures is far from satisfactory. Also, physical modelling of structures is not very accurate, because several highly simplified assumptions are made to develop simple solutions. Therefore it is no wonder that there is an explosion of information in these areas. No ideal constitutive relation of soils to predict behaviour of geotechnical structures has yet been established. The five papers presented on this topic represent some advance in this direction. The
J. M. Davies Earthquake d e s i g n p r a c t i c e for b u i l d i n g s
have been applied. In the chapter on the design of reinforced concrete buildings, the author discusses the cono:pts of 'capacity design" and the way it is implemented in the design of the structures. The author presents many examples of the application of various Ioadings and materials codes to illustrate the chapters of his book. The examples include the detail design of individual beams and columns as well as aspects of connection details. The book is well written and makes a very clear presentation of the concepts, it is illustrated with a large number of photographs, diagrams and graphs. Many of the photographs show damage in Mexico City following the 1985 earthquake in addition to examples from other large earthquakes. This book can be recommended as a sound guide not only to the practising engineer who is unfamiliar with the concepts of seismic design but also to those who are familiar to the concepts but who want to concise design guide to what is sound cngincering practice.
Civil Engineering Design Guide series
David E. Key Thomas Telford, London, UK, 1988, £35.00 (UK), £40.00 (elsewhere), ISBN 0 7277 1315 9 The author is a Research Fellow in earthquake engineering at Bristol University and combines this with continuing activity as a consulting engineer. He has been recent chairman of the British Society for Earthquake and Civil Engineering Dynamics and he also has the background of chairing the Seismic Code Committee of Trinidad and Tobago which developed the first earthquake design standard for buildings in the region. The book is aimed at practising engineers who wish to learn the basic conccpts of earthquake cnginecring and how these differ from the concepts of the conventional engineering design process. tlowever, the book will be of use to the experienced but non-specialist engineer, students and all those involved in earthquake engineering. The book follows a logical progression in the coverage of seismic design, the chapter headings being: The lessons from earthquake damage; Ground motion; The calculation of structural response; Isolation and energy absorbers; Conceptual design; Design codes and lateral force design; Reinforced concrete design; Structural steelwork design; Foundations; Masonry; Non-structural elements; Non-building structures: a guide. This is one of the first books in seismic design that gives some background to the concepts of base isolation and the use of energy absorbers, together with examples of structures to which these techniques
68
Athol J. Cart
stitute (varying cable arrangement, pylon and deck bending inertia, second-order effects, etc.) which have enabled optimization rules to be developed. Since the stay cables are the most important members of these bridges, a full chapter is dedicated to their optimal choice, including details on fatigue strength and corrosion protection. Static and dynamic design analysis is then treated in detail with interesting data given on our present knowledge of aerodynamic behaviour, which plays an important role for large spans above 300 m. In the last chapter, a large number of pedestrian bridges is described. Road and railway bridge examples are rather scarce. Even aqueducts have been built with stays. In an appendix, Walther presents a short report on his famous model test with an extremely slender deck slab which proved that there is no real danger of buckling. This test opened the way for cable stayed bridges with almost no longitudinal girders and consequently very low cost. The book is almost a must for engineers who design cable stayed bridges, but it is also most valuable for academics including students, for construction engineers, for engineers on the side of the clients and even for technically interested laymen.
Cable stayed bridges
F. Leonhardt Renb Walther Thomas Telford, London, UK, 1988, 208 pages, Ffr 55.00, ISBN 72771 3213 Modern cable stayed bridges have become very popular amongst bridge engineers due to their good qualities in technical, economic and aesthetic aspects. There has been an interesting developmcnt towards greater simplification in their design and construction during the last 40 years, based on experience and research. Ren~ Walter was actively involved in this development and has complete knowledge of this new field of bridge engineering at his disposal. It is therefore most welcome that this book, written in 1985 in French, is now available in English. He offers all the information needed to make good designs for cablc stayed bridges, which can be favourable for spans from about 40m for pedestrian bridges up to 1800m for highway and railway traffic. There is a largc number of good illustrations and the text is written in a clear, easy-to-understand language. The book begins with a historical review showing that stays for bridges are very old but only became successful after high strength stcel, allowing high stresses, became available, so that the stays act like stiff tension bars. Modern criteria for the conceptual design are then described. Walther undertook a large number of parametric studies at his Lausanne In-
Eng. Struct. 1990, Vol. 12, January
Soil dynamics and liquefaction A. S. Cakmak (ed) Developments in Geotechnical Engineering Vo142, Elsevier Applied Science Publishers Ltd, The Netherlands, 1987, 378 pages, ISBN 90545169 5 This volumes contains some of the papers presented at the Third International Conference on Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, held at Princeton, NJ, on 22-24 June 1987. Prediction of the behaviour of geotechnical structures under earthquake loading is still in its infancy. There are no universal constitutive relationships of soils under static and dynamic loading. The prediction of ground motion and consequent loading on structures is far from satisfactory. Also, physical modelling of structures is not very accurate, because several highly simplified assumptions are made to develop simple solutions. Therefore it is no wonder that there is an explosion of information in these areas. No ideal constitutive relation of soils to predict behaviour of geotechnical structures has yet been established. The five papers presented on this topic represent some advance in this direction. The