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Edison's electric light
342
.Edi~son's Electric Light.
[Jour. Frank. [nst.~.
Researches on H y d r o g e n Peroxide.--E. Schoene.--The author has investig~ated the behavior of hydric peroxide with the oxygen compounds of thallium. He finds that thallium paper is turned brown by the vapor of hydric peroxide in consequence of the ibrmation of thallic oxide. Hence the browning of thallium test-papers on exposure to atmospheric air is by uo nleans a proof of tile presence of ozone. Chem. Nears. Edison's Electric L i g h t . - - T h i s has been advanced a step, and a very important one, as far as the inventor is concerned, by the granting of the patents for the lamp, and tbr the thermal regulator of the current. From the specifications, it is now positively known that the light is produced by the electric inc'mdeseence of platinum and iridium, the exact melting point of which has not been determined, but it is nmeh higher than plafimnn aione. There have been many forms o~" these regulatols, all based on one principle, namely, the degree of heat produced controlling the amount of the current passing through the haetallic conductor, the light being occasioned by the resistance oflbred~ while the regulator is intended to prevent it being heated so high as to melt it. In the case of carbon this is ilnpossiblc, and consequently the light is much greater from that substance. In Edison's regulator the heat expands the air or fluid in the chalnber containing the platinum, and a diaphragm is moved outwards, which in its turn controlg the passage of the current by means of contact point,s of platinum, The diaphragm nrly give this motion to a lever or spring through which the contacts may bc madc. 5Iercury may also replace the air il~ the tulle, and to prevent loss of heat by radiation, two concentric glass tubes may be employed with the intervening space filled with alum water or other pool" conductor of heat, surrounding the light, which is very moderate compared with the electric arc. Great improvements have been made within a short time in dynamo-electric machines, notably by Houston-Tholnson and other scientists , developing to a great degree their efficiency, and in some of the best forms as high as sixty per cent. of the energy, it is said, is converted into the electric current, leaving but little room for improvement, while but twenty per cent. is wasted in the heating of the mac]fine , etc., which is nearly reversing the available power obtained from our best steam engines, where seventy per cent. i)as~es up the chimney and is otherwise not used.
.Edi~son's Electric Light.
[Jour. Frank. [nst.~.
Researches on H y d r o g e n Peroxide.--E. Schoene.--The author has investig~ated the behavior of hydric peroxide with the oxygen compounds of thallium. He finds that thallium paper is turned brown by the vapor of hydric peroxide in consequence of the ibrmation of thallic oxide. Hence the browning of thallium test-papers on exposure to atmospheric air is by uo nleans a proof of tile presence of ozone. Chem. Nears. Edison's Electric L i g h t . - - T h i s has been advanced a step, and a very important one, as far as the inventor is concerned, by the granting of the patents for the lamp, and tbr the thermal regulator of the current. From the specifications, it is now positively known that the light is produced by the electric inc'mdeseence of platinum and iridium, the exact melting point of which has not been determined, but it is nmeh higher than plafimnn aione. There have been many forms o~" these regulatols, all based on one principle, namely, the degree of heat produced controlling the amount of the current passing through the haetallic conductor, the light being occasioned by the resistance oflbred~ while the regulator is intended to prevent it being heated so high as to melt it. In the case of carbon this is ilnpossiblc, and consequently the light is much greater from that substance. In Edison's regulator the heat expands the air or fluid in the chalnber containing the platinum, and a diaphragm is moved outwards, which in its turn controlg the passage of the current by means of contact point,s of platinum, The diaphragm nrly give this motion to a lever or spring through which the contacts may bc madc. 5Iercury may also replace the air il~ the tulle, and to prevent loss of heat by radiation, two concentric glass tubes may be employed with the intervening space filled with alum water or other pool" conductor of heat, surrounding the light, which is very moderate compared with the electric arc. Great improvements have been made within a short time in dynamo-electric machines, notably by Houston-Tholnson and other scientists , developing to a great degree their efficiency, and in some of the best forms as high as sixty per cent. of the energy, it is said, is converted into the electric current, leaving but little room for improvement, while but twenty per cent. is wasted in the heating of the mac]fine , etc., which is nearly reversing the available power obtained from our best steam engines, where seventy per cent. i)as~es up the chimney and is otherwise not used.