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Effect of homoarginine administration on neointimal thickening in balloon-injured rat carotid arteries
Abstracts / Atherosclerosis 241 (2015) e149ee229
Background and aim: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common disorder of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The Hellenic study of Interactions between SNPs and Eating in Atherosclerosis Susceptibility (THISEAS) is a case-control study conducted in the Greek population. The aims of the present report are to describe the design and the methodology of the study, to present the characteristics of the population and to investigate the potential effect of exclusive olive oil consumption on the risk of developing CAD. Methods: We randomly enrolled 1221 adult CAD patients and 1344 adult controls. Demographic, lifestyle, dietary and biochemical variables were recorded. Results: A higher prevalence of the conventional established risk factors was observed in cases than in controls. Physical activity level was higher in controls (1.4±0.2) when compared to cases (1.3±0.3) (p<0.001). Regarding current and ex- smokers, the case group reported almost double pack years than the control group (54.6±42.8 vs. 28.3±26.3, respectively, p<0.001). Exclusive olive oil consumption was associated with 37% lower likelihood of developing CAD, even after taking into account the Mediterranean diet adherence (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.42-0.93, p¼0.02). Conclusions: Exclusive olive oil consumption was associated with lower risk of CAD, even after adjusting for an overall healthy dietary pattern adoption, such as the Mediterranean diet.
EAS-0607. FISH CONSUMPTION, OMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDS (N-3), AND NMR LIPOPROTEIN SUBFRACTIONS IN 26034 APPARENTLY HEALTHY WOMEN *, A.O. Akinkuolie, S.E. Chiuve, N. Cook, S. Mora. Division of N. Amigo Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
* Corresponding author. Background: The role of fish and n-3 fatty acids on lipoprotein metabolism is not well-characterized. Reported standard lipid effects include a decrease in triglycerides and a modest increase in HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol. Objectives: We examined the association between intake of fish, total n-3, and the main n-3 subtypes (EPA, ALA, DHA) in relation to standard lipids and lipoprotein size and subfractions. Design: This cross-sectional study comprised 26034 women who participated in the Women's Health Study. Standard lipids where directly measured and lipoprotein subfraction concentrations and size were measured by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Information on n-3 and fish intake was obtained using a validated food-frequency questionnaire. Multivariable linear regression models were used to calculate means and b coefficients for various lipids and lipoproteins across quintiles of fish and n-3 intake after adjusting for clinical and dietary factors. Results: The table summarizes significant differences (increase [þ] or decrease [-]) in lipids and lipoprotein subfractions across increasing quintiles of dietary intake of fish, n-3, EPA, DHA, and ALA:
Fish
+
Total-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, ApoB, LDL-size, large LDL-particles.
n-3
+ -
ALA
+ -
DHA
+
EPA
-
Large and medium VLDL-particles. LDL-size, HDL-size, total LDL-particles, large HDL-particles. Triglycerides, VLDL-size, large and medium VLDL-particles, medium HDL-particles. HDL-size, LDL-size. LDL-cholesterol, VLDL-size, large VLDL-particles, small HDL-particles. LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, ApoAI, LDL-size, HDL-size, large LDL-particles, large HDL-particles. ApoAI, total VLDL-particles, medium HDL-particles.
e193
Conclusions: Among 26034 healthy women, different patterns of association were noted for fish, n-3, and specific n-3 fatty acids on lipid and lipoprotein subfractions. EAS-0620. ANTI INFLAMMATORY EFFECT OF HIGH COMPLEX CARBOHYDRATE DIET IN OBESE VOLUNTEERS: GENDER RELATED EFFECTS O. Raz 1, *, O. Rogowski 1, T. Rosenzweig 2, I. Shapira 3, S. Berliner 4, M. Boaz 5, T. Rosenzweig 2, O. Rogowski 4. 1 Nutrition and Dietetics, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel; 2 Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel; 3 Carsiology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; 4 Internal diseases, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; 5 Epidemiology, Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel
* Corresponding author. Aim: The presence of low grade, internal inflammation is one of the maincauses for development of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus andatherosclerosis. The aim of the study is to evaluate the gender related effectof high complex carbohydrate diet on the inflammatory profile of overweight andobese volunteers, normo- and hyper-insulinemic. Methods: Blood samples were taken before and after 8 weeks onhighcomplex carbohydrate diet in a group of apparently healthy obese women andmen. Results: 68% of the participants were hyper-insulinemic, 20% werehyperglycemic. Substantial improvement was noted in all the anthropometric,metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers. A reduction in the concentrations of triglycerides,T. cholesterol and LDL was gender and insulin dependant. An improvement in the insulin,QUICKI and HOMA-R was seen only in hyper-insulinemic individuals, with nocorrelation to a gender. There was a significant reduction in hs-CRP, ESR, WBCCand fibrinogen levels, as well in the adhesion molecule ICAM1, which was muchhigher and decreased more significantly in hyper-insulinemic than innormo-insulinemic individuals. Conclusion: The study shows that high complex carbohydrate diet beneficiallyaffects metabolic, anthropometric and inflammatory markers in hyper- and normo-insulinemicindividuals. It is important to take into consideration a gender relatedvariables and to analyze them separately. EAS-0718. EFFECT OF HOMOARGININE ADMINISTRATION ON NEOINTIMAL THICKENING IN BALLOON-INJURED RAT CAROTID ARTERIES C. Parolini 1, *, G.S. Ganzetti 1, F. Dellera 1, A. Froio 2, S. Manzini 1, M. Busnelli 1, A. Meinitzer 3, G. Chiesa 1. 1 Department of Pharmacological and degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; Biomolecular Sciences, Universita 2 di Department of Surgery and Interdisciplinary Medicine, Universita Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy; 3 Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
* Corresponding author. Aim: Low serum concentrations of homoarginine have been associated with increased risk of total and cardiovascular mortality. Recently, GWAS identified three genomic loci significantly associated with serum levels of homoarginine. The strongest signal was observed on chromosome 15 at the AGAT locus, an enzyme responsible for the synthesis of homoarginine. Aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of homoarginine on neointimal formation in a rat model of balloon injury. Methods: Thirty-six male rats underwent arterial endothelial injury at the left carotid followed by the insertion of a cannula into the right jugular vein. The cannula was connected to an Alzet pump containing saline, Larginine (30 mg/Kg per day) or L-homoarginine (30 mg/kg per day). Fourteen days after balloon injury, blood was collected and left carotids were harvested for histological analyses. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured before and at the end of drug treatments. Results: In both L-arginine and L-homoarginine treated rats a significant reduction of the intimal/medial ratio was observed compared to that of controls (0.69±0.40 and 0.71±0.43 vs 1.33±0.67, p<0.05). No changes in
e194
Abstracts / Atherosclerosis 241 (2015) e149ee229
SBP were detected by treatment in all groups. Plasma L-arginine concentration was significantly increased in both L-arginine and L-homoarginine treated rats compared to controls (p<0.05). Conclusions: Our study shows that L-homoarginine is able to inhibit neointimal formation in balloon-injured rat carotid arteries. Moreover, our data indicate that this effect could be due, at least in part, to an increased availability of L-arginine. EAS-0737. THE ROLE OF ZN-SUPPLEMENTED WITH HIGH CHOLESTEROL DIET ON SERUM AND WHOLE BLOOD RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF RABBITS FED A HIGH CHOLESTEROL DIET M. Abdelhalim*, M.M. Ghannam, M.S. Al-Ayed. Physics and Astronomy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
* Corresponding author. This study aimed to evaluate the role of zinc (Zn)-supplemented with high cholesterol diet (HCD) on the serum and whole blood rheological properties of rabbits fed a HCD. Twenty-four New Zealand white rabbits were divided into control, HCD, and HCD þ Zn groups. The HCD group was fed a diet with 1.0% cholesterol and 1.0% olive oil. The HCD þ Zn group was fed a diet with 1.0% cholesterol, 1.0% olive oil, and Zn. Blood viscosity, shear stress, and torque (%) were measured at shear rates ranging from 225 to 1875 s-1 for serum and 75 to 900 s-1 for whole blood. Serum viscosity and shear stress in HCD rabbits were significantly higher at all shear rates compared to controls; while whole blood viscosity and shear stress in HCD rabbits were significantly lower at all shear rates compared to controls. Viscosity and shear stress in both serum and whole blood from rabbits in the HCD þ Zn group returned to normal values at all shear rates. The rheological properties plays important role during the progression of atherosclerosis. The Zn supplemented with HCD to rabbits delays or retards the progression of atherosclerosis. Changes in blood serum viscosity could reflect changes in non-clotting proteins, glucose, nutrients, and trace elements; while changes in whole blood viscosity could result from changes in hematocrit, hemoglobin, and erythrocyte count. One of the factors responsible for increasing the serum viscosity values of HCD rabbits might be attributed to increase in Fe and decrease in Zn levels in blood serum. EAS-0756. ANTHOCYANINS-RICH CHOKEBERRY FRUIT EXTRACT REDUCES ENDOTHELIAL PROGENITOR CELLS SENESCENCE AND PROTECTS AGAINST OXIDATIVE STRESS INDUCED BY ANGIOTENSIN II A. Parzonko 1, A. Oswit 2, M. Naruszewicz 1, *. 1 Department Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Medical University Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; 2 Students Scientific Associacion at Dept. Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Medical University Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
of of of of
* Corresponding author. In hypertension, plaque microvessels are immature and fragile and the distorted integrity of microvessels endothelium likely leads to intraplaque haemorrhage and plaques at increased risk for rupture. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) may provide protection against atherosclerosis and plaque rupture by their innate ability to replace dysfunctional or damaged endothelial cells in plaque microvessels. There is evidence that angiotensin II may impair functions of EPCs by senescence accelerating and inhibition of their proliferation through oxidative stress induction. In this study, we examined whether chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) fruit extract, containing mainly anthocyanins with potent antioxidative properties, could protect EPC against angiotensin-induced oxidative stress. EPCs were isolated from peripheral blood of young healthy volunteers and cultivated on fibronectin-coated plates in the presence or absence of angiotensin II (1mM) and chokeberry extract (1-50 mg/mL). Cell senescence was measured using a b-galactosidase staining kit; ROS generation was measured using a ROS/Superoxide detection kit; proliferative activity was
assayed using colorimetric BrdU ELISA kit; telomerase activity was evaluated using TeloTAGGG ELISA kit. EPC exposed to angiotensin II showed a marked decrease in telomerase activity and an increase in the number of beta-galactosidase positive cells. These effects were significantly reduced by chokeberry extract in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, incubation of EPC with chokeberry extract reduced ROS formation and increased proliferative activity of EPC. Our results suggested that chokeberry extract may protect EPC against angiotensin II-induced oxidative stress and dysfunction. EAS-0781. REPLACING DIETARY SATURATED FAT WITH POLYUNSATURATED FAT REDUCES TOTAL CHOLESTEROL AND LDL CHOLESTEROL IN HEALTHY SUBJECTS WITH MODERATE HYPERCHOLESTEROLAEMIA e A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL S.M. Ulven 1, *, L. Leder 2, E. Elind 1, I. Ottestad 1, J.J. Christensen 1, V.H. TelleHansen 3, A. Skjetne 1, K. Torvik 1, E. Raael 1, N.A. Sheikh 1, M. Holck 1, K. Thyholt 3, M.G. Byfuglien 3, L. Granlund 3, L.F. Andersen 2, K.B. Holven 2. 1 Health Nutrition and Management, Oslo and Akershus University College, Oslo, Norway; 2 Department of nutrition, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; 3 R&D, Mills DA, Oslo, Norway
* Corresponding author. Aim: Reduced intake of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) combined with increased intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) is the main focus of dietary recommendations to reduce plasma cholesterol and subsequently the risk of cardiovasculardisease (CVD). The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of replacing food items with different fat quality (replacing SFAs with PUFAs) on plasma total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol among healthy subjects with moderate hypercholesterolemia. Methods: An eight-week double-blinded randomized, controlled parallel designed trial with two groups including healthy adults aged 25-70 y with serum total cholesterol within the normal range and LDL cholesterol 3.5 mmol/L was performed. The intervention group received commercially available food items in which saturated fat was replaced by vegetable sunflower and rapeseed oil. The minimum daily intake of each food item was according to data from the National nutrition survey in Norway. The control group received similar commercially food items with a higher content of SFAs and lower content of PUFAs, and were chosen based on sales statistics and were among the most sold products within each food category. Before the baseline visit, all subjects (n¼99) performed a run-in period where the control food items were consumed daily for two weeks. Results and conclusion: Preliminary data shows that daily inclusion of food items with improved fatty acid composition for eight weeks caused significant lowered plasma total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and apoB levels in healthy free-living adults with moderate hypercholesterolemia compared to the control group. EAS-0805. EFFECTS OF DIETARY N-3 FATTY ACID AND/OR POLYPHENOLS ON SUBCLINICAL INFLAMMATION IN PEOPLE AT HIGH CARDIOVASCULAR RISK: THE ETHERPATHS PROJECT E. Griffo 1, *, G. Costabile 1, G. Annuzzi 1, L. Bozzetto 1, P. Vitaglione 2, M. Vitale 1, C. Vetrani 1, P. Cipriano 1, A. Mangione 1, G. Riccardi 1, A.A. Rivellese 1. 1 Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; 2 Agricolture, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
* Corresponding author. Aim: Subclinical inflammation is related to cardiovascular risk (CVR). Polyphenols (PP) and long chain n-3 fatty acids (LCn3) are associated with a lower CVR. We evaluated the effects of diets naturally-rich in PP and/or marine LCn3 on subclinical inflammation in people athigh CVR. Methods: Seventy-three individuals with high waist circumference and one more component of the metabolic syndrome were randomized to one of the following isoenergetic 8-week diets differing only for LCn3 and PP content: (A) poor in LCn3 and PP; (B) rich in LCn3; (C) rich in PP; (D) rich in
Background and aim: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common disorder of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The Hellenic study of Interactions between SNPs and Eating in Atherosclerosis Susceptibility (THISEAS) is a case-control study conducted in the Greek population. The aims of the present report are to describe the design and the methodology of the study, to present the characteristics of the population and to investigate the potential effect of exclusive olive oil consumption on the risk of developing CAD. Methods: We randomly enrolled 1221 adult CAD patients and 1344 adult controls. Demographic, lifestyle, dietary and biochemical variables were recorded. Results: A higher prevalence of the conventional established risk factors was observed in cases than in controls. Physical activity level was higher in controls (1.4±0.2) when compared to cases (1.3±0.3) (p<0.001). Regarding current and ex- smokers, the case group reported almost double pack years than the control group (54.6±42.8 vs. 28.3±26.3, respectively, p<0.001). Exclusive olive oil consumption was associated with 37% lower likelihood of developing CAD, even after taking into account the Mediterranean diet adherence (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.42-0.93, p¼0.02). Conclusions: Exclusive olive oil consumption was associated with lower risk of CAD, even after adjusting for an overall healthy dietary pattern adoption, such as the Mediterranean diet.
EAS-0607. FISH CONSUMPTION, OMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDS (N-3), AND NMR LIPOPROTEIN SUBFRACTIONS IN 26034 APPARENTLY HEALTHY WOMEN *, A.O. Akinkuolie, S.E. Chiuve, N. Cook, S. Mora. Division of N. Amigo Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
* Corresponding author. Background: The role of fish and n-3 fatty acids on lipoprotein metabolism is not well-characterized. Reported standard lipid effects include a decrease in triglycerides and a modest increase in HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol. Objectives: We examined the association between intake of fish, total n-3, and the main n-3 subtypes (EPA, ALA, DHA) in relation to standard lipids and lipoprotein size and subfractions. Design: This cross-sectional study comprised 26034 women who participated in the Women's Health Study. Standard lipids where directly measured and lipoprotein subfraction concentrations and size were measured by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Information on n-3 and fish intake was obtained using a validated food-frequency questionnaire. Multivariable linear regression models were used to calculate means and b coefficients for various lipids and lipoproteins across quintiles of fish and n-3 intake after adjusting for clinical and dietary factors. Results: The table summarizes significant differences (increase [þ] or decrease [-]) in lipids and lipoprotein subfractions across increasing quintiles of dietary intake of fish, n-3, EPA, DHA, and ALA:
Fish
+
Total-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, ApoB, LDL-size, large LDL-particles.
n-3
+ -
ALA
+ -
DHA
+
EPA
-
Large and medium VLDL-particles. LDL-size, HDL-size, total LDL-particles, large HDL-particles. Triglycerides, VLDL-size, large and medium VLDL-particles, medium HDL-particles. HDL-size, LDL-size. LDL-cholesterol, VLDL-size, large VLDL-particles, small HDL-particles. LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, ApoAI, LDL-size, HDL-size, large LDL-particles, large HDL-particles. ApoAI, total VLDL-particles, medium HDL-particles.
e193
Conclusions: Among 26034 healthy women, different patterns of association were noted for fish, n-3, and specific n-3 fatty acids on lipid and lipoprotein subfractions. EAS-0620. ANTI INFLAMMATORY EFFECT OF HIGH COMPLEX CARBOHYDRATE DIET IN OBESE VOLUNTEERS: GENDER RELATED EFFECTS O. Raz 1, *, O. Rogowski 1, T. Rosenzweig 2, I. Shapira 3, S. Berliner 4, M. Boaz 5, T. Rosenzweig 2, O. Rogowski 4. 1 Nutrition and Dietetics, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel; 2 Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel; 3 Carsiology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; 4 Internal diseases, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; 5 Epidemiology, Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel
* Corresponding author. Aim: The presence of low grade, internal inflammation is one of the maincauses for development of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus andatherosclerosis. The aim of the study is to evaluate the gender related effectof high complex carbohydrate diet on the inflammatory profile of overweight andobese volunteers, normo- and hyper-insulinemic. Methods: Blood samples were taken before and after 8 weeks onhighcomplex carbohydrate diet in a group of apparently healthy obese women andmen. Results: 68% of the participants were hyper-insulinemic, 20% werehyperglycemic. Substantial improvement was noted in all the anthropometric,metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers. A reduction in the concentrations of triglycerides,T. cholesterol and LDL was gender and insulin dependant. An improvement in the insulin,QUICKI and HOMA-R was seen only in hyper-insulinemic individuals, with nocorrelation to a gender. There was a significant reduction in hs-CRP, ESR, WBCCand fibrinogen levels, as well in the adhesion molecule ICAM1, which was muchhigher and decreased more significantly in hyper-insulinemic than innormo-insulinemic individuals. Conclusion: The study shows that high complex carbohydrate diet beneficiallyaffects metabolic, anthropometric and inflammatory markers in hyper- and normo-insulinemicindividuals. It is important to take into consideration a gender relatedvariables and to analyze them separately. EAS-0718. EFFECT OF HOMOARGININE ADMINISTRATION ON NEOINTIMAL THICKENING IN BALLOON-INJURED RAT CAROTID ARTERIES C. Parolini 1, *, G.S. Ganzetti 1, F. Dellera 1, A. Froio 2, S. Manzini 1, M. Busnelli 1, A. Meinitzer 3, G. Chiesa 1. 1 Department of Pharmacological and degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; Biomolecular Sciences, Universita 2 di Department of Surgery and Interdisciplinary Medicine, Universita Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy; 3 Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
* Corresponding author. Aim: Low serum concentrations of homoarginine have been associated with increased risk of total and cardiovascular mortality. Recently, GWAS identified three genomic loci significantly associated with serum levels of homoarginine. The strongest signal was observed on chromosome 15 at the AGAT locus, an enzyme responsible for the synthesis of homoarginine. Aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of homoarginine on neointimal formation in a rat model of balloon injury. Methods: Thirty-six male rats underwent arterial endothelial injury at the left carotid followed by the insertion of a cannula into the right jugular vein. The cannula was connected to an Alzet pump containing saline, Larginine (30 mg/Kg per day) or L-homoarginine (30 mg/kg per day). Fourteen days after balloon injury, blood was collected and left carotids were harvested for histological analyses. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured before and at the end of drug treatments. Results: In both L-arginine and L-homoarginine treated rats a significant reduction of the intimal/medial ratio was observed compared to that of controls (0.69±0.40 and 0.71±0.43 vs 1.33±0.67, p<0.05). No changes in
e194
Abstracts / Atherosclerosis 241 (2015) e149ee229
SBP were detected by treatment in all groups. Plasma L-arginine concentration was significantly increased in both L-arginine and L-homoarginine treated rats compared to controls (p<0.05). Conclusions: Our study shows that L-homoarginine is able to inhibit neointimal formation in balloon-injured rat carotid arteries. Moreover, our data indicate that this effect could be due, at least in part, to an increased availability of L-arginine. EAS-0737. THE ROLE OF ZN-SUPPLEMENTED WITH HIGH CHOLESTEROL DIET ON SERUM AND WHOLE BLOOD RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF RABBITS FED A HIGH CHOLESTEROL DIET M. Abdelhalim*, M.M. Ghannam, M.S. Al-Ayed. Physics and Astronomy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
* Corresponding author. This study aimed to evaluate the role of zinc (Zn)-supplemented with high cholesterol diet (HCD) on the serum and whole blood rheological properties of rabbits fed a HCD. Twenty-four New Zealand white rabbits were divided into control, HCD, and HCD þ Zn groups. The HCD group was fed a diet with 1.0% cholesterol and 1.0% olive oil. The HCD þ Zn group was fed a diet with 1.0% cholesterol, 1.0% olive oil, and Zn. Blood viscosity, shear stress, and torque (%) were measured at shear rates ranging from 225 to 1875 s-1 for serum and 75 to 900 s-1 for whole blood. Serum viscosity and shear stress in HCD rabbits were significantly higher at all shear rates compared to controls; while whole blood viscosity and shear stress in HCD rabbits were significantly lower at all shear rates compared to controls. Viscosity and shear stress in both serum and whole blood from rabbits in the HCD þ Zn group returned to normal values at all shear rates. The rheological properties plays important role during the progression of atherosclerosis. The Zn supplemented with HCD to rabbits delays or retards the progression of atherosclerosis. Changes in blood serum viscosity could reflect changes in non-clotting proteins, glucose, nutrients, and trace elements; while changes in whole blood viscosity could result from changes in hematocrit, hemoglobin, and erythrocyte count. One of the factors responsible for increasing the serum viscosity values of HCD rabbits might be attributed to increase in Fe and decrease in Zn levels in blood serum. EAS-0756. ANTHOCYANINS-RICH CHOKEBERRY FRUIT EXTRACT REDUCES ENDOTHELIAL PROGENITOR CELLS SENESCENCE AND PROTECTS AGAINST OXIDATIVE STRESS INDUCED BY ANGIOTENSIN II A. Parzonko 1, A. Oswit 2, M. Naruszewicz 1, *. 1 Department Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Medical University Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; 2 Students Scientific Associacion at Dept. Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Medical University Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
of of of of
* Corresponding author. In hypertension, plaque microvessels are immature and fragile and the distorted integrity of microvessels endothelium likely leads to intraplaque haemorrhage and plaques at increased risk for rupture. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) may provide protection against atherosclerosis and plaque rupture by their innate ability to replace dysfunctional or damaged endothelial cells in plaque microvessels. There is evidence that angiotensin II may impair functions of EPCs by senescence accelerating and inhibition of their proliferation through oxidative stress induction. In this study, we examined whether chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) fruit extract, containing mainly anthocyanins with potent antioxidative properties, could protect EPC against angiotensin-induced oxidative stress. EPCs were isolated from peripheral blood of young healthy volunteers and cultivated on fibronectin-coated plates in the presence or absence of angiotensin II (1mM) and chokeberry extract (1-50 mg/mL). Cell senescence was measured using a b-galactosidase staining kit; ROS generation was measured using a ROS/Superoxide detection kit; proliferative activity was
assayed using colorimetric BrdU ELISA kit; telomerase activity was evaluated using TeloTAGGG ELISA kit. EPC exposed to angiotensin II showed a marked decrease in telomerase activity and an increase in the number of beta-galactosidase positive cells. These effects were significantly reduced by chokeberry extract in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, incubation of EPC with chokeberry extract reduced ROS formation and increased proliferative activity of EPC. Our results suggested that chokeberry extract may protect EPC against angiotensin II-induced oxidative stress and dysfunction. EAS-0781. REPLACING DIETARY SATURATED FAT WITH POLYUNSATURATED FAT REDUCES TOTAL CHOLESTEROL AND LDL CHOLESTEROL IN HEALTHY SUBJECTS WITH MODERATE HYPERCHOLESTEROLAEMIA e A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL S.M. Ulven 1, *, L. Leder 2, E. Elind 1, I. Ottestad 1, J.J. Christensen 1, V.H. TelleHansen 3, A. Skjetne 1, K. Torvik 1, E. Raael 1, N.A. Sheikh 1, M. Holck 1, K. Thyholt 3, M.G. Byfuglien 3, L. Granlund 3, L.F. Andersen 2, K.B. Holven 2. 1 Health Nutrition and Management, Oslo and Akershus University College, Oslo, Norway; 2 Department of nutrition, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; 3 R&D, Mills DA, Oslo, Norway
* Corresponding author. Aim: Reduced intake of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) combined with increased intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) is the main focus of dietary recommendations to reduce plasma cholesterol and subsequently the risk of cardiovasculardisease (CVD). The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of replacing food items with different fat quality (replacing SFAs with PUFAs) on plasma total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol among healthy subjects with moderate hypercholesterolemia. Methods: An eight-week double-blinded randomized, controlled parallel designed trial with two groups including healthy adults aged 25-70 y with serum total cholesterol within the normal range and LDL cholesterol 3.5 mmol/L was performed. The intervention group received commercially available food items in which saturated fat was replaced by vegetable sunflower and rapeseed oil. The minimum daily intake of each food item was according to data from the National nutrition survey in Norway. The control group received similar commercially food items with a higher content of SFAs and lower content of PUFAs, and were chosen based on sales statistics and were among the most sold products within each food category. Before the baseline visit, all subjects (n¼99) performed a run-in period where the control food items were consumed daily for two weeks. Results and conclusion: Preliminary data shows that daily inclusion of food items with improved fatty acid composition for eight weeks caused significant lowered plasma total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and apoB levels in healthy free-living adults with moderate hypercholesterolemia compared to the control group. EAS-0805. EFFECTS OF DIETARY N-3 FATTY ACID AND/OR POLYPHENOLS ON SUBCLINICAL INFLAMMATION IN PEOPLE AT HIGH CARDIOVASCULAR RISK: THE ETHERPATHS PROJECT E. Griffo 1, *, G. Costabile 1, G. Annuzzi 1, L. Bozzetto 1, P. Vitaglione 2, M. Vitale 1, C. Vetrani 1, P. Cipriano 1, A. Mangione 1, G. Riccardi 1, A.A. Rivellese 1. 1 Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; 2 Agricolture, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
* Corresponding author. Aim: Subclinical inflammation is related to cardiovascular risk (CVR). Polyphenols (PP) and long chain n-3 fatty acids (LCn3) are associated with a lower CVR. We evaluated the effects of diets naturally-rich in PP and/or marine LCn3 on subclinical inflammation in people athigh CVR. Methods: Seventy-three individuals with high waist circumference and one more component of the metabolic syndrome were randomized to one of the following isoenergetic 8-week diets differing only for LCn3 and PP content: (A) poor in LCn3 and PP; (B) rich in LCn3; (C) rich in PP; (D) rich in