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Effect of Indian Medium Coking Coal on Coke Quality in Non-recovery Stamp Charged Coke Oven
JOURNALOFIRON ANDSTEELRESEARCH,INTERNATIONAL２ ０ １ ４,２ １( ７):６ ７ ３ Ｇ ６ ７ ８
Ef f e c to fI nd i an Me d i um Cok i ngCo a lonCokeQua l i t n yi Non Ｇ r e c o v e r t ampCha r e dCokeOv e n yS g H．P．Tiwa r i１ , P．K．Bane r e e１ , V．K． Saxena２ , S．K．Ha l da r３ j
( １．Raw Ma t e r i a landCokeMak i ngRe s e a r chGr oup,Re s e a r chandDe ve l opmen tDi v i s i on,Ta t aS t e e lLt d , J amshedpu r８３１００１,Jha r khand,I nd i a; ２．Depa r tmen to fChemi c a lEng i ne e r i ng,I nd i anSchoo lo fMi ne s, Dhanbad８２６００４,Jha r khand,I nd i a; ３．CokeP l an t s,Ta t aS t e e lLt d ,J amshedpu r８３１００１,Jha r khand,I nd i a) Ab s t r a c t:Themax imumpo s s i b i l i t fu t i l i z i ngt heI nd i anc ok i ngc oa l sandi n f e r i o rg r adec ok i ngc oa lf o rp r oduc i ng yo me t a l l u r i c a lc oket hr oughnon Ｇ r e c ove r t ampcha r i ngt e chno l ogy wa si nve s t i t ed． I nd i ani nd i oa l sc on Ｇ g ys g ga genousc t a i nedl ow pe r c en to fv i t r i n i t e (＜５０％ )andh i rc on t en to fa sh (＞１５％ )c ompa r edt oimpo r t edc ok i ngc oa l． ghe The r e f o r e,t hes e l e c t i ono fapp r op r i a t ep r opo r t i ono fd i f f e r en tt so fc oa l swa sama o rcha l l engef o rc okemake r s． ype j Coa lb l ends e l e c t i onc r i t e r i onba s edonas i ng l ec oe f f i c i en t,nameda sc ompo s i t ec ok i ngpo t en t i a l( CCP),wa sde ve l Ｇ oped．Theus eo fi nc r e a s edp r opo r t i ono fs emi Ｇ s o f tc oa l( c r uc i b l eswe l l i ngnumbe ro f２ ５)andh i sh (≥１５％ )i n Ｇ gha d i oa li nt her angeo f２０％－３５％ and２０％－６５％ r e spe c t i ve l nt heb l endsr e su l t edi ngoodqua l i t fc oke． genousc yi yo P l an tda t ao fanon Ｇ r e c ove r okeovenwe r eus edf o rde ve l op i ngandva l i da t i ngt hemode l．Ther e su l t sshowedt ha t yc t hec okes t r eng t ha f t e rr e a c t i on ( CSR)va r i edi nt her angeo f６３ ７％ －６７ ７％ andt heM４０ va l uewa sbe twe en８１ ８ and８９ ３i nbo t ht hec a s e s． Ke r d s:I nd i anc ok i ngc oa l;impo r t edc ok i ngc oa l;CCP;CSR;M４０ ;non Ｇ r e c ove r t ampcha r okemak i ng ys gedc ywo
AtTa t aS t e e l,t hei nc r emen t a li nc r e a s ei ncoke r oduc t i onf o rs e l f Ｇ su f f i c i enc nc okef o rho tme t a l p yi r oduc t i oni s me tt hr ough impo r t ed c ok i ng coa l． p Th i si sbe c aus eo ft hel imi t ed c apa c i t fc ap t i ve yo , , coa l．Th i s howeve r l e adst o ani nc r e a s ei n ho t me t a lc o s t． I nI nd i a,t heus eo fapp r opr i a t eimpo r t ed coa l st osupp l emen tt hei nhe r en tde f i c i enc i e so fI nd i Ｇ ani nd i oa l sf o rc okemak i ngi si nvogue．The genousc I nd i ani nd i oa l sc on t a i nl ow pe r c en to fv i t Ｇ genousc ( ) ( r i n i t e ＜５０％ andh i rc on t en to fa sh ＞１５％ ) ghe compa r edt oimpo r t edc ok i ngc oa l．Howeve r,d r i ve t or educ et hec o s to fc oa li npu tha sl edt hei n t eg r a t ed s t e e lc ompan i e st ot akeaf r e shl ooka tt het so f ype coa l sbe i ngus ed．At t en t i oni sbe i ngpa i dt ot heus age o fl e s sexpens i vec oa l s,sucha ss emi Ｇ s o f tc oa l s,i n b l endst op r oduc ec okewi t hde s i r edqua l i t y． I nd i anc ok i ngc oa l s,byandl a r r ec ompa r a Ｇ ge,a “ ” t i ve l i che ri nbo t ho r i candi no r i ci ne r t s． yr gan gan Thegene r a lcha r a c t e r i s t i c so ft heI nd i anc ok i ngcoa l s showt ha tt heave r ager e f l e c t anc eo ft he i rv i t r i n i t e va r i e sf r om ０ ７％ t o１ ８％ and c ruc i b l eswe l l i ng [] numbe r( CSN)change sf r om ４ ０t o５ ５１ ．Duet o
h i shi ncoa l,wh i cht r ans l a t e si n t ot heope r a t i ng gha r ob l emsno rma l l s soc i a t ed wi t hh i shcoke s, p ya gha b l a s tf urna c eope r a t e s wi t hh i l ag vo l umeand gh s h i a t e． ghcoker S i i f i c an tr e s e a r che f f o r tha sf ocus edon max i Ｇ gn mi z i ngt hei n f e r i o rcok i ngcoa landnon Ｇ cok i ngcoa l i ncoa lb l endt op r oduc eh i h u a l i t c o k e ．M a n g q y y co r r e l a t i onshavebe endeve l opedt op r ed i c tt hecoke l i t s edont hep l a s t i cp r ope r t i e s,p r e Ｇ c a rbon i Ｇ qua yba z a t i ont e chno l ogy,t he i r pe t r og r aph i c compos i t i on andv i t r i n i t er e f l e c t anc e．Howeve r,f o r mos to ft he coa l s,t he s e pr ed i c t i onscou l d no t be gene r a l i z ed． Theco r r e l a t i onsf oundt hr oughspe c i f i cr e s e a r cho f i den t i f i edcoa l sc anbeus edf o rt hos es amecoa l si n [ ] t he p l an t whe r et he r e s e a r ch wa s conduc t ed２－９ ． Ano t he rl i t e r a t ur eshowst ha tf o rb l endcon t a i n i nga i ng coa l wi t hh i l a s t i cp r ope r t i e sand goodcok gh p l ow/h i ankcoa l s,t hecokecha r a c t e r i s t i ci sgen Ｇ ghr e r a l l t t e ri np r a c t i c et hant ha te s t ima t edbyt he ybe [ ] add i t i veru l e１０－１５ ．Pr ev i ousr e s e a r ch wo rksons e Ｇ l e c t i on o fcoa l s ba s ed on compos i t e cok i ng i ndex ( CCI)ha sbe enr epo r t edf o ra s s e s s i ngt hesu i t ab i l i t y
B i o r aphy: H．P．Tiwa r i,Ma s t e r; E Ｇma i l: hp t iwa r i＠t a t a s t e e l c om; Re c e i v e dDa t e: Ma r ch４,２０１３ g
J ou r na lo fI r onandS t e e lRe s e a r ch,I n t e r na t i ona l Vo l ２１
６７４
o fcoa landc oa lb l endf o r mak i ng c okeo fde s i r ed [ １６] l i t qua y ． I nt h i ss t udy,c oa lb l endwa sde s i s edon gnedba ( ) compo s i t ec ok i ngpo t en t i a l CCP mode lt oop t imi z e t hepr opo r t i ono fh i shI nd i anc ok i ngc oa l sand gha che ape rimpo r t edc oa l si nt hec oa lb l end,ands imu l Ｇ t aneous l op r oduc egoodqua l i t oke． yt yc
１ Exp e r imen t a l
Theexpe r imen t a l wo rk wa sc a r r i ed ou ti na non Ｇ r e c ove r okep l an t．Theen t i r e wo rk wa spe r Ｇ yc f o rmedwi t hc oa lb l endsc on t a i n i ngtwoi nd i genous
coa l s( name l lGandCoa lS)andn i ne t e enimＧ y,Coa r t edcoa l swi t hd i f f e r en tcok i ngp r ope r t i e s．The s e po , coa ls amp l e swe r ef i r s tana l z e db a s e do nc h e m i c a l y , rheo l og i c a land pe t r og r aph i cp r ope r t i e s a sp r e s en Ｇ t edi nTab l e１．Towi dent hespe c t rumo ft hes t udy, twod i f f e r en ts e t so fcoa lb l ends,onewi t h１００％imＧ r t edcoa landt heo t he r wi t hi nd i po genousandimＧ r t edcoa l,we r eus ed．Twen t lb l endswe r ede Ｇ po ycoa , s i n e df o re a c hc a s e h a v i n s a m eC C Pv a l u eo f c o a l g g ( ) b l ends Tab l e２ ．Theb l endswe r et hensub e c t edt o j h i empe r a t ur ec a rbon i z a t i ont e s t sunde ra g i ven ght s e to fcond i t i ons．
Tab l e１ De t a i l so fp r op e r t i e so fc o a l s S l．
Coa l ID
Ash/ ％
１
Coa lA
９ １０
２ ３
Coa lB
Coa lC
４
Coa lD
６
Coa lF
５
７ ８ ９
１０
１６
２７ ９０
５ ５
G
８ ００
３１ ５０
０ ６１
５０ ５０
３７ ００
９ ０
１０ ４９
Coa lN
１３ １０
Coa lP
８ ９５
１７ ５０
２６ ８５ ２６ １５
２３ ５０
０ ５９
０ ６３ ０ ４３
０ ６９
５４ ５０
６５ ６０ ６１ ５６
４７ ４３
２８ ５０
２６ ２８ ２２ ８４
３７ ２７
７ ５ ５ ５ ７ ０
５ ０
G６
ddpm
Ave r age r e f l e c t i ono f /％ v i t r i n i t e
To t a l / r e a c t i ve ％
Vi t r i n i t e d i s t r i bu t i on ( /％ V９－１２)
１５０
０ ７２
７２ ０
２５
４００
０ ９８
５３ ２
６８
６６ ６
９６
Max imum f l u i d i t y/ NA
８１７４
１ ４４
０ ７９
４２ ０
６２ ５
０
１３
２０
１ ６０
７１ ０
G１
２３４９
１ ０３
５１ ２
G２
５０６
０ ９５
７７ ８
８５ ２
２５
１ １２
４８ ５
９８
G１０ G
２００
７０００ ５４８
１ ０４
０ ９２ １ １０
７９ ０ ５７ ０
０
９６
６２
７５
８ ９８
２２ １５
０ ４０
４９ ８３
３９ ４５
７ ０
G４
９ ２０
２５ ００
０ ６０
５０ １４
３２ ７８
８ ０
G４
２５０
１ １７
７０ ６
９６
７ ５２
２０ ５２
０ ６０
５２ ２６
２０ ５９
７ ５
G４
６５
１ １７
５９ ８
６２
G７
１７３８
１ １１
５７ ５
９８
G２
８７８
１９
Coa lS
１７ ２３
Coa lU
８ １０
２１
G４
５０ ９０
Coa lL
Coa lT
７ ５
G
０ ４１
Coa lQ
２０
３３ １５
５ ５
２４ ５０
１０ ５０
Coa lR
５４ ７５
２０ ３０
E
９ ５０
１７ １８
６２ ９２
２ ５
G１
Coa lJ
Coa lO
３２ ２７
５ ０
９ ２２
１５
０ ６９
５０ ４３
３１ ４４
Coa lI
Coa lM
３４ ５７
０ ５５
％
LTGK
６０ ０２
１５ ２３
１３
３３ ５０
０ ５８
％
CSN
０ ５５
Coa lG
Coa lH
２３ ０１
S iO２/ Al２O３/
２７ ５０
１０ ５０
Coa lK
１４
７ ６６
％
S/ ％
８ ５０
Coa lE
１１ １２
９ ５０
Vo l a t i l e / ma t t e r
９ ３５ ９ ００
９ ５０
２６ ２０
２６ １０ ２０ ９５ ２４ ０３ ２０ １０ ２０ ３０
２２ ００ ２２ １０
１ １０
０ ５７ ０ ４４ ０ ５０ ０ ５０ ０ ４８
０ ５４ ０ ４７
６１ ９９
６４ ６９ ５１ ４２ ５９ ３４ ６２ ５８ ６３ ３４
６２ ６２ ５８ ００
３１ ４２
２７ ４６ ３４ ４６ ３２ ５０ ２８ ０６ ３０ ０７
２９ ５６ ３２ ５０
６ ０
９ ０ ７ ５ ８ ０ ７ ５ ６ ５
７ ５ ８ ０
G１
G６ G２ G５ G５ G４
５８８
５１８ ２６２ ４４６
５００
１１００
１ ００
１ ０４ １ １５ １ １１ １ ２４
１ １６
１ １７
５４ ６
８９ ３ ６６ ８ ６２ ５ ５２ ４
７３ ８
５９ ０
８１
９６ ５２ ８０ ５５
９８
１００
/ No t e:１)LTGKi sl owt empe r a t ur eg r ay Ｇk i nga s s ay;２)To t a lr e a c t i vei sac omb i na t i ono fv i t r i n i t e,s emi Ｇ v i t r i n i t eandex i n i t e l i t i n i t e; p ３)ddpmi st hed i a ld i v i s i onpe rmi nu t e．
１ １ P l an tt r i a l s ens, i nwh i cht heexpe r imen t swe r edone,we r ec a r e Ｇ I np l an tt r i a l s,t heope r a t i ng pa r ame t e r sl i ke f u l l e l e c t edt oensur es e t t i ngt e s tcond i t i ons． ys c rush i ngf i nene s s,bu l kdens i t i s t u r ec on t en t yandmo we r ema i n t a i nedf o ra l lt e s t si nt her angeo f９０％ ± １ ２ Cokequa l i t y /m３ and１０％ －１２％ ,r amp l e sf r omt hep l an twe r eco l l e c t ed ２％ ,１ ０５t e spe c t i ve l y．The Thecokes u s h i n a n dc h a r i n s c h e d u l e sw e r em a i n t a i n e da s e r f r o m a u t os a m l e r ． E a c hs a m l e w a ss u b e c t e dt o p g gg p p p j , , , , no rma lop e r a t i on．Th ef o l l ow i ngp r e c a u t i on swe r et ake n s c r e en i ngana l i sus i ng１００ ８０ ５０ ４０ ２０and１０ ys i z es c r e ens．As t ab i l i z a t i ont e s ta spe rs t anda rd t oma i n t a i ns t anda r dt e s tc ond i t i on:( １)t heb l end i ng mms [ : ( ) ] , r a t i o wa sc on t i nuous l m o n i t o r e dt h r o u h P L C t o I S ７ １ ８ ９ １ ９ ７ ４ w a sc a r r i e do u t ． T h u s t h e l y g pus ;( ) ensur et hea c cu r a t epe r c en t ageo fe a chc oa l ２ t he ５０ mm s i z e coke ob t a i ned wa st e s t ed f o r co l d t r eng t hp r ope r t i e sus i ng mi cumd rum．Thecoker e Ｇ coa lt owe r( wh i chr e c e i ve sb l endedc oa l)wa semp Ｇ s ;( ) ( ) t i edandc l e anedbe f o r ee a chexpe r imen t ３t heov Ｇ a c t i v i t ndex CRI andcokes t r eng t ha f t e rr e a c t i on yi
I s sue７ Ef f e c to fI nd i an Med i um Cok i ngCoa lonCokeQua l i t nNon Ｇ r e c ove r t ampCha r yi yS gedCokeOven
６７５
Tab l e２ Compo s i t i ono fc o a lb l end
S l．
Coa lb l endwi t h( ２０％ －６５％ )I nd i ai nd i oa land genousc ( ３５％ －８０％ )impo r t edc oa l
Coa l Coa l Coa l Coa l Coa l Coa l Coa l Coa l Coa l Coa l Coa l Coa l Coa l Coa l Coa l Coa l Coa l Coa l Coa l Coa l Coa l G
S
R
O
P
K
N
１
２３
２０
－
－
－
３６
－
３
３５
１６
－
－
４３
－
－
－
２９
－
３６
－
３０
２ ４ ５ ６ ７ ８ ９
１０ １１ １２ １３ １４ １５ １６ １７ １８ １９ ２０
Coa lb l endwi t h１００％ impo r t edc oa l
２５ ３８ ３５ ３３ ２３ ２７ ３０
４０ ２５ ２５ ２３ ２３ ３３ ２８ － －
２０ ２０
２２ ２７
－
－
－
０
２０
－
３７
１６
１１
－
２０
－
４０
－
－
３８
３８
－
１５
１０
２０
０
２０
２０
２０ ２５ ２０ ２９ ２９
１０ － －
４８
－
３８
－
２０
１０
４０
－
４０ ３０ ３８
２５
－
３４ － － － －
－ － － － － －
－
－
－
－
５０ ４２
６５
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
３５
－
－
－
２５
３５
－
－
１０
１０
－
－
３０
３０
－
１０
１０
－ －
１０ －
１１
－
９
１２
１０
－
９
－
－
－
－
３３
－
６
－
－
－
－ －
１２
－ －
１０
－
－
－
－
４５
－
－
－ －
４５
－
－
－ － － －
６０
２５ －
４０ ５０ －
５５
－
－
－ － －
－
４０
１０
－
３５
２５
３５
－
４０
－ － －
４５ ３０ －
－
４０ －
－ － － － －
－
３０
３０
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－ －
－
３５ ５０
－
４０ －
－
－
－
－
－
２５
－
－
４５
５０
－
－
－
－
１５ １５
３０
－
１５ １２
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
A
－
－
－
B
１７ ５
－
－
－
D
－
１２
４２
３０
E
２０
－
－
F
１７ ５
１０
－
H
１５
１０
－
I
－
２０
－
J
－
－
－
M
－
－ －
Q
３０
１５
－
R
－
－
－
T
－
１０
－
L
１２
－
－
－
－
－
３３
C
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( CSR)t e s twa sde t e rmi nedus i ng Ni t e e lCo r Ｇ ２ １ De v e l opmen to fCCP mode l pponS r a t i on ( NSC)me t hod． CCPi sacomb i na t i ono fs t a t i s t i c a land ma t he Ｇ po ma t i c a lme t hodst ha ti sus e f u lf o rs e l e c t i ono fcoa l s． ２ CCP Mod e l Thec a l cu l a t i ono fCCPi sba s edont hei n t e r l a t i on po ft her angeo fs e l e c t edp r ope r t i e swh i cha r eus edi n Cok i ngpo t en t i a l( CP)o fc oa ldependsoni t si n Ｇ o h i smode l．Expe r imen t sa r epe r f o rmedwi t ht heva Ｇ d i v i dua lpr ope r t i e swh i chi simpo r t an tf o rc okemak Ｇ t i e t fcoa landsubs equen tcha r t shavebe en p r e Ｇ i ngt op r oduc egoodc oke．CCP mode lwa sus edf o r r yo r eddep i c t i ng va r i ous p r ope r t i e so ft hecoa l．Fo r s e l e c t i ngche apc oa lb l endst ha t wou l ds t i l lc omp l y pa a chp r ope r t i ngpo t en t i a lr angei sa l l oc a t ed wi t ht hemi n imumc okequa l i t equ i r emen t so fb l a s t e y,acok yr oape rmi s s i b l er ange．Cok i ngpo t en t i a lo fi nd i v i dua l f urna c e s．TheCCPi ndext ake si n t oa c c oun tt heva r i Ｇ t r ope r t fe a c hc o a li nac o a lb l e ndi sf oundbyu s i ng ouspr ope r t i e so ft hec oa l sandt he i rp r opo r t i onsi na p yo r r e spond i ngi n t e r l a t i oncha r t．We i t agei sa s Ｇ i ven c oa lb l end．Th i s me t hodo l ogy i s ne c e s s a r po gh g y co , i oe a chp r ope r t he r e a f t e r CPi sc a l cu Ｇ s i nc ee a ch o ft he s e pa r ame t e r sr ep r e s en t sd i f f e r en t s gnedt yandt a t edf o re a chcoa l．Ma t hema t i c a l l h i sc anbeex Ｇ yt a spe c t so ft hec ok i ngphenomenawi t hi t sva r i ngimＧ l y : r e s s e da s o r t a n c e ． S o m eo ft h e s e a r a m e t e r sa l s oh a v ei n t e r Ｇ p p p [ , ] ( Rpmi －Rpmj )( xpm －xpmj ) dependenc i e s１６ １７ ． The g r aph i c a l us e ri n t e r f a c e ( １) Rpm ＝Rpmj ＋ ( xpmi －xpmj GUI)f o rCCPc ompu t a t i onmode li sg i veni nF i １． g whe r e,Rpm i st hecok i ngpo t en t i a lo fmt hp r ope r t y ; o fpt hs amp l eo fcoa lunde rexpe r imen t Rpmji st he hobs e r vedva l ueo fmt hp r ope r t fpt hs amp l eo f yo jt coa l;Rpmii st heit hobs e r vedva l ueo fmt hpr ope r t y o fpt hs amp l eo fcoa l;xpm r ep r e s en t st heexpe r imen Ｇ t a lva l ueo ft hemt hp r ope r t fpt hs amp l eo fcoa l yo unde rexpe r imen t;xpmii st heit hobs e r vedva l ueo f mt h pr ope r t fpt hs amp l eo fcoa lunde rexpe r i Ｇ yo ; men t and xpmj i st hejt h obs e r ved va l ueo f mt h r ope r t fpt hs amp l eo fcoa lunde rexpe r imen t． p yo VM—Vo l a t i l ema t t e r; Ro—Re f l e c t i ono fv i t r i n i t e; GK—Gr ayk i ng．
F i １ GUIf o rCCPc ompu t a t i onmod e l g
２ ２ I npu ts he e t CCPcons i s t so ft eni npu t sva r i ab l e swh i cha r e
６７６
J ou r na lo fI r onandS t e e lRe s e a r ch,I n t e r na t i ona l Vo l ２１
de t e rmi ned f r om chemi c a l,rheo l og i c a land pe t r o Ｇ r aph i cana l i s．Thef unc t i ona lr e l a t i onsh i twe en g ys pbe t hei npu tva r i ab l e sl i ke a sh, VM,CSN,LTGK, , max imumf l u i d i t r ager e f l e c t anc eo fv i t r i n i t e, y ave r a t i oo fr e a c t i vet oi ne r t( R/ I),v i t r i n i t ed i s t r i bu t i on ( V１１ ＋V１２),r a t i oo fS iO２t oAl２O３anda l ka l i n i t i Ｇ yn ( ) dex AI andt hec o r r e spond i ngc okeCSR ha sbe en mappedus i nganadap t i veCCP mode l． ２ ３ Ou t ts he e t pu Theou t tshe e tp r e s en t st hec oa lb l endqua l i t pu y , , , , wi t hr e spe c tt oa sh VM CSN LTGK max imum f l u i d i t r ager e f l e c t anc eo fv i t r i n i t e,r a t i oo fr e Ｇ y,ave a c t i vet oi ne r t,v i t r i n i t ed i s t r i bu t i on ( V１１ ＋V１２),r a Ｇ t i oo fS iO２ t oAl２O３ anda l ka l i n i t ndexa l ong wi t h yi /c t hee s t ima t edCCPva l ueo fc oa l oa lb l endandcoke l i t nt e rmso fCSR． qua yi
２ ４ Va l i da t i ono fmode l Themode lha sbe enva l i da t edwi t hnon Ｇ r e cove r y cokep l an tcoa lb l ends．Thep r ed i c t edcokeCSRva l Ｇ ue shavebe enva l i da t edaga i ns tt hea c t ua lCSRva l ue s o fcoke．
３ Re s u l t sandDi s c u s s i on
Thet i c a lqua l i t ft hei nd i r Ｇ yp yo genousandimpo t edcoa l sbe i ngus edi nt h i ss t udyi sg i veni nTab l e１． I t may beno t edt ha tt hes e l e c t edcoa l shaveve r y wi ded i f f e r enc ei nt he i rqua l i t spe c i a l l shcon Ｇ y;e y,a ( t en to fi nd i l s １５ ５％ and１７ ２％f o rCoa l genouscoa Gand Coa lS,r e spe c t i ve l sh i rcompa r edt o y)i ghe t ha to fimpo r t ed coa l s ( ７ ３％ － １０ ０％ )．The s e r ope r t i e swe r eus edt oc a l cu l a t et heCCPva l ue so f p t hecoa l s,a sshowni nF i ２．Re su l t sshowt ha tt he g c a l cu l a t edmi n imumandmax imumCCPva l ue so ft he
F i ２ CCPo fi nd i v i dua lc ok i ngc o a l s g
coa l swe r e２ １６ ( Coa lA)and６ ５９ ( Coa lU)． Ther e l a t i onsh i twe enCCPo fc oa lb l endand pbe cokeCSRi sshowni nF i ３． I tha sbe enobs e r ved g t ha tt he r ei sagoodr e l a t i onsh i twe enc oa lb l end pbe CCPandCSR．Re su l t sshowt ha tt heCSRi nc r e a s e s wi t hani nc r e a s ei nc oa lb l endCCPva l ue． I tmaya l so beno t edt ha tt hec o r r e l a t i oni ss t r ongf o rt hec a s eo f １００％ impo r t edc oa lc ompa r edt ot heo t he rc a s e s． Th i si spr ima r i l ot hef a c tt ha tt heva r i ab i l i t yduet y o fcoa lb l endsp r ope r t i e si sl owe rf o r１００％impo r t ed coa l sa sc ompa r edt ot hec a s eo fc oa lb l endsc on t a i Ｇ n i ngimpo r t edandi nd i oa l s．Ther e l a t i onsh i genousc p i sa lmo s tl i ne a rwi t hc o r r e l a t i onc oe f f i c i en to f０ ９５ and０ ８９,r e spe c t i ve l y． Ac t ua land pr ed i c t ed CSR va l ue s have be en
showni nF i ４f o rcoa lb l end wi t h１００％ impo r t ed g coa landcoa lb l endwi t h２０％ －６５％i nd i genousand ３５％ －８０％ impo r t edcoa l s．Theco r r e l a t i oncoe f f i Ｇ c i en t( R２)v a l u e so f０ ８４and０ ８９e s t ab l i s ht hev a l i d i t y
F i ３ Re l a t i on s h i fCCPo fc o a lb l endwi t h g po c ok eCSR ( f o rbo t hs e r i e s)
I s sue７ Ef f e c to fI nd i an Med i um Cok i ngCoa lonCokeQua l i t nNon Ｇ r e c ove r t ampCha r yi yS gedCokeOven
６７７
F i ６ Re l a t i on s h i fCCPo fc o a lb l endwi t h M４０i nd e x g po
４ Conc l u s i on s ( a)Coa lb l endwi t h１００％impo r t edc oa l; ( b)Coa lb l endwi t h ２０％－６５％ I nd i ai nd i r t edc oa l s． genousand３５％－８０％impo
F i ４ Re l a t i onb e twe enp r e d i c t e danda c t ua lc ok eCSR g
o ft heCCP mode l． F i ５showst ha tt her e s i dua lva l ueo fe s t ima t ed g CSRa tani ndus t r i a ls c a l ef o rbo t hc a s e．Thee s t i Ｇ ma t edCSRi si ngoodag r e emen twi t hi ndus t r i a lCSR va l ue ( f r omc okep l an t)．Ther e s i dua le r r o ro fe s t i Ｇ ma t edCSR andi ndus t r i a lCSRi sno tve r i i f i Ｇ ys gn c an t．TheCSRva r i a t i oni son l nt her angeo f－０ ８ yi t o１ ４f o rbo t hc a s e s( F i ５)．Th i s maybeduet o g t heope r a t i ngpa r ame t e r so ft heovens．
Thepur eo ft hes t udyi st op r oduc ede s i r ab l e pos cokef o rb l a s tf urna c e sbyop t imi z i ngt hecoa lb l end r ope r t i e s．Ther i tcoa lb l endf o rpr oduc i ngcoke p gh l ueo f８１－８９ hav i ngCSRva l ueo f６３－６８andM４０va wa si den t i f i ed andimp l emen t ed suc c e s s f u l l na yi non Ｇ r e cove r l an t． I twa sconc l udedt ha tt he ycokep a c c ep t edr angeo fCCPo fcoa lb l endf o rp r oduc i ng cokewi t hCSR mo r et han６３ ０i nt henon Ｇ r e cove r y cokep l an ti sabove４ ５．Th i st e chn i ed quemaybeus suc c e s s f u l l l emen t edi np l an tf o rs e l e c t i ngnew yimp coa l sandop t imi z i ngt heb l endcompos i t i on． CCPva l uei sus e f u lf o reva l ua t i ngt hemi n imum and max imum cok i ngpo t en t i a l so fcoa l sa swe l la s coa lb l ends．TheCSRand M４０ o fcokea r eimp r oved s imu l t aneous l t hi nc r e a s i ngt heCCPva l ueo fcoa l y wi b l ends．Us i ng I nd i an med i um cok i ng coa li n coa l l ueo fcoke ( upt o６５％ )． b l endenhanc e st he M４０ va TheCCP mode lmayr educ et hecoa lb l endcos tby s e l e c t i ngche ape rcoa li nt heb l end． Re f e r enc e s:
F i ５ Re l a t i on s h i fCCPo fc o a lb l endwi t hr e s i dua l g po e r r o ro fp r e d i c t e danda c t ua lCSRo fc o a lb l end
F i ６showst her e l a t i onsh i twe en CCPo f g p be coa lb l endandM４０va l ueo fc oke． I tmaybeobs e r ved t ha tt heM４０ andCCPo fc oa lb l endshowapo s i t i ve co r r e l a t i on．Thec o r r e l a t i onc oe f f i c i en twa sf oundt o be０ ８４and０ ８９f o rb l endsc on t a i n i ng１００％impo r Ｇ t edcoa landc oa lb l endc on t a i n i ngbo t himpo r t edand i nd i oa l s．I ti si n t e r e s t i ngt o no t et ha tt he genousc coa lb l endhav i ng upt o６５％ i nd i oa lg i ve s genousc h i rM４０ va l uec ompa r edt oc oa lb l endsc on t a i n i ng ghe １００％ impo r t ed c oa l．Howeve r,a s no t i c ed f r om , F i ２ t he r ewa snos i i f i c an td i f f e r enc ei nCSRf o r g gn bo t hc a s e s．Th i s phenomenon may beduet o be s t compa t i b i l i t o fi n d i e n o u sc o a lw i t ht h ei m o r t e d y g p s emi Ｇ s o f tc oa lf o rimp r ov i ngt heM４０ o fc oke．
[ １] S G．Chaudhur i,AK．Mukhe r e e,KK．Roychoudhur n: j y,i Pr o c e ed i ngs o f Na t i ona lSemi na ron Coa lf o rB l a s t Fur na c e Cokeandf o rI n e c t i on,Pub l i c a t i onsandI n f o rma t i on Di r e c t o Ｇ j r a t e,New Deh l i,I amshedpur,I nd i a,１９９０,pp． ６５ Ｇ ７６． [ ２] R．Z imme rman,Eva l ua t i ngandTe s t i ngt heCok i ngPr ope r t i e s ,SanFr o fCoa l,Mi l l e randFr e emanPub l i c a t i onsI nc． anc i s c o, １９７９． [ ３] M．Kema l,V．Ar s l an,Coa lTe chno l ogy,Dokuz ey l u lUn i ve r s i Ｇ t zmi r,Turkey,２００５． y,I [ ４] T G．Ca l l c o t t,Pr i nc i l e sf o rB l end i ngCoa l s,BHP Te chn i c a l p Bu l l e t i n２３ ( １９７９)No ２,４９ Ｇ ５３． [ ５] F．Anzu,i n:Pr o c e ed i ngso ft he３９ t hI r onmak i ngCon f e r enc e, TheSo c i e t sh i ng t on,１９８０,pp． １９２ Ｇ ２００． y,Wa [ ６] WH．Va nNi e k e r k,R J．D i e n a a r,J． S．Af r． I n s t．Mi n．Me t a l l． pp ９１ ( １９９１)５３ Ｇ ６１． [ ７] P P．Kuma r,S．Ba rman,M．Ran an,S．Gho sh,VVS．Ra Ｇ j u,I r onmak． S t e e lmak． ３５ ( ２００８)３３ Ｇ ３７． j [ ８] A．Gup t a,AK．Da s,GI S． Chauhan,I n t． J． Coa lPr ep．Ut i l． ２７ ( ２００７)２８ Ｇ ３８． [ ９] A．Su r e s h,T．Ra S．Da s h,P K．Ba n e r e e,I r onmak．S t e e l Ｇ y,P j mak． ３９ ( ２０１２)３６３ Ｇ ３６９．
６７８
J ou r na lo fI r onandS t e e lRe s e a r ch,I n t e r na t i ona l Vo l ２１
[ １０] J P．Gr aham,HC．Wi l k i ns on,CokeQua l i t t sRe l a t i on yandI t o Coa l Pr ope r t i e s．Cha r epa r a t i on and Ca r bon i z a t i on ge Pr Pr a c t i c e s,TheCokeOven Manage r s,１９８０． [ １１] B．Duchene,J．S t e i l e r,B．Rouz aud,i n:F i f t hI n t． I r onand S t e e lCong r e s s,I r onmak i ngPr o c．Vo l ４５,PTD,Wa sh i ng t on DC,１９８６,pp． ２１１ Ｇ ２１９． [ １２] R J．Gr a E．Ch amp a e,i n:Pr o c e e d i ng so ft h e４７ t hI r on Ｇ y,P gn mak i ngCon f e r enc e,I r onandS t e e lSo c i e t y,USA,１９８８,pp． ３１３ Ｇ ３２４． [ １３] J T．Pr i c e,J F．Gr ans den,MA．Khan,i n:Pr o c e ed i ngso f
t he ４７ t hI r onmak i ng Con f e r enc e,I r on and S t e e l So c i e t y, USA,１９８８,pp． １５４２ Ｇ １５６２． [ １４] AH．C l emen t s,T W．Ma t he s on,Fue l７４ ( １９９５)５７ Ｇ ６２． [ １５] P．Pr a che t han Kuma r,S C．Ba rman,S．S i ngh,M．Ran an, j I r onmak． S t e e lmak． ３５ ( ２００８)４１６ Ｇ ４２０． [ １６] HP．T iwa r i,S．Su r i,P K．Ba n e r e e,S K．Ha l d a r,P．S a r k a r, j R．Ag a rwa l,ECIC,Dus s e l do r f,Ge rmany,Se c t i on２２,２０１１, １ Ｇ ７． pp． [ １７] HP．Tiwa r i,P K． Bane r e e,VK． Saxena,Fue l１０７ ( ２０１３) j ６１５ Ｇ ６２２．
JOURNALOFIRON ANDSTEELRESEARCH,INTERNATIONAL２ ０ １ ４,２ １( ７):６ ７ ３ Ｇ ６ ７ ８
Ef f e c to fI nd i an Me d i um Cok i ngCo a lonCokeQua l i t n yi Non Ｇ r e c o v e r t ampCha r e dCokeOv e n yS g H．P．Tiwa r i１ , P．K．Bane r e e１ , V．K． Saxena２ , S．K．Ha l da r３ j
( １．Raw Ma t e r i a landCokeMak i ngRe s e a r chGr oup,Re s e a r chandDe ve l opmen tDi v i s i on,Ta t aS t e e lLt d , J amshedpu r８３１００１,Jha r khand,I nd i a; ２．Depa r tmen to fChemi c a lEng i ne e r i ng,I nd i anSchoo lo fMi ne s, Dhanbad８２６００４,Jha r khand,I nd i a; ３．CokeP l an t s,Ta t aS t e e lLt d ,J amshedpu r８３１００１,Jha r khand,I nd i a) Ab s t r a c t:Themax imumpo s s i b i l i t fu t i l i z i ngt heI nd i anc ok i ngc oa l sandi n f e r i o rg r adec ok i ngc oa lf o rp r oduc i ng yo me t a l l u r i c a lc oket hr oughnon Ｇ r e c ove r t ampcha r i ngt e chno l ogy wa si nve s t i t ed． I nd i ani nd i oa l sc on Ｇ g ys g ga genousc t a i nedl ow pe r c en to fv i t r i n i t e (＜５０％ )andh i rc on t en to fa sh (＞１５％ )c ompa r edt oimpo r t edc ok i ngc oa l． ghe The r e f o r e,t hes e l e c t i ono fapp r op r i a t ep r opo r t i ono fd i f f e r en tt so fc oa l swa sama o rcha l l engef o rc okemake r s． ype j Coa lb l ends e l e c t i onc r i t e r i onba s edonas i ng l ec oe f f i c i en t,nameda sc ompo s i t ec ok i ngpo t en t i a l( CCP),wa sde ve l Ｇ oped．Theus eo fi nc r e a s edp r opo r t i ono fs emi Ｇ s o f tc oa l( c r uc i b l eswe l l i ngnumbe ro f２ ５)andh i sh (≥１５％ )i n Ｇ gha d i oa li nt her angeo f２０％－３５％ and２０％－６５％ r e spe c t i ve l nt heb l endsr e su l t edi ngoodqua l i t fc oke． genousc yi yo P l an tda t ao fanon Ｇ r e c ove r okeovenwe r eus edf o rde ve l op i ngandva l i da t i ngt hemode l．Ther e su l t sshowedt ha t yc t hec okes t r eng t ha f t e rr e a c t i on ( CSR)va r i edi nt her angeo f６３ ７％ －６７ ７％ andt heM４０ va l uewa sbe twe en８１ ８ and８９ ３i nbo t ht hec a s e s． Ke r d s:I nd i anc ok i ngc oa l;impo r t edc ok i ngc oa l;CCP;CSR;M４０ ;non Ｇ r e c ove r t ampcha r okemak i ng ys gedc ywo
AtTa t aS t e e l,t hei nc r emen t a li nc r e a s ei ncoke r oduc t i onf o rs e l f Ｇ su f f i c i enc nc okef o rho tme t a l p yi r oduc t i oni s me tt hr ough impo r t ed c ok i ng coa l． p Th i si sbe c aus eo ft hel imi t ed c apa c i t fc ap t i ve yo , , coa l．Th i s howeve r l e adst o ani nc r e a s ei n ho t me t a lc o s t． I nI nd i a,t heus eo fapp r opr i a t eimpo r t ed coa l st osupp l emen tt hei nhe r en tde f i c i enc i e so fI nd i Ｇ ani nd i oa l sf o rc okemak i ngi si nvogue．The genousc I nd i ani nd i oa l sc on t a i nl ow pe r c en to fv i t Ｇ genousc ( ) ( r i n i t e ＜５０％ andh i rc on t en to fa sh ＞１５％ ) ghe compa r edt oimpo r t edc ok i ngc oa l．Howeve r,d r i ve t or educ et hec o s to fc oa li npu tha sl edt hei n t eg r a t ed s t e e lc ompan i e st ot akeaf r e shl ooka tt het so f ype coa l sbe i ngus ed．At t en t i oni sbe i ngpa i dt ot heus age o fl e s sexpens i vec oa l s,sucha ss emi Ｇ s o f tc oa l s,i n b l endst op r oduc ec okewi t hde s i r edqua l i t y． I nd i anc ok i ngc oa l s,byandl a r r ec ompa r a Ｇ ge,a “ ” t i ve l i che ri nbo t ho r i candi no r i ci ne r t s． yr gan gan Thegene r a lcha r a c t e r i s t i c so ft heI nd i anc ok i ngcoa l s showt ha tt heave r ager e f l e c t anc eo ft he i rv i t r i n i t e va r i e sf r om ０ ７％ t o１ ８％ and c ruc i b l eswe l l i ng [] numbe r( CSN)change sf r om ４ ０t o５ ５１ ．Duet o
h i shi ncoa l,wh i cht r ans l a t e si n t ot heope r a t i ng gha r ob l emsno rma l l s soc i a t ed wi t hh i shcoke s, p ya gha b l a s tf urna c eope r a t e s wi t hh i l ag vo l umeand gh s h i a t e． ghcoker S i i f i c an tr e s e a r che f f o r tha sf ocus edon max i Ｇ gn mi z i ngt hei n f e r i o rcok i ngcoa landnon Ｇ cok i ngcoa l i ncoa lb l endt op r oduc eh i h u a l i t c o k e ．M a n g q y y co r r e l a t i onshavebe endeve l opedt op r ed i c tt hecoke l i t s edont hep l a s t i cp r ope r t i e s,p r e Ｇ c a rbon i Ｇ qua yba z a t i ont e chno l ogy,t he i r pe t r og r aph i c compos i t i on andv i t r i n i t er e f l e c t anc e．Howeve r,f o r mos to ft he coa l s,t he s e pr ed i c t i onscou l d no t be gene r a l i z ed． Theco r r e l a t i onsf oundt hr oughspe c i f i cr e s e a r cho f i den t i f i edcoa l sc anbeus edf o rt hos es amecoa l si n [ ] t he p l an t whe r et he r e s e a r ch wa s conduc t ed２－９ ． Ano t he rl i t e r a t ur eshowst ha tf o rb l endcon t a i n i nga i ng coa l wi t hh i l a s t i cp r ope r t i e sand goodcok gh p l ow/h i ankcoa l s,t hecokecha r a c t e r i s t i ci sgen Ｇ ghr e r a l l t t e ri np r a c t i c et hant ha te s t ima t edbyt he ybe [ ] add i t i veru l e１０－１５ ．Pr ev i ousr e s e a r ch wo rksons e Ｇ l e c t i on o fcoa l s ba s ed on compos i t e cok i ng i ndex ( CCI)ha sbe enr epo r t edf o ra s s e s s i ngt hesu i t ab i l i t y
B i o r aphy: H．P．Tiwa r i,Ma s t e r; E Ｇma i l: hp t iwa r i＠t a t a s t e e l c om; Re c e i v e dDa t e: Ma r ch４,２０１３ g
J ou r na lo fI r onandS t e e lRe s e a r ch,I n t e r na t i ona l Vo l ２１
６７４
o fcoa landc oa lb l endf o r mak i ng c okeo fde s i r ed [ １６] l i t qua y ． I nt h i ss t udy,c oa lb l endwa sde s i s edon gnedba ( ) compo s i t ec ok i ngpo t en t i a l CCP mode lt oop t imi z e t hepr opo r t i ono fh i shI nd i anc ok i ngc oa l sand gha che ape rimpo r t edc oa l si nt hec oa lb l end,ands imu l Ｇ t aneous l op r oduc egoodqua l i t oke． yt yc
１ Exp e r imen t a l
Theexpe r imen t a l wo rk wa sc a r r i ed ou ti na non Ｇ r e c ove r okep l an t．Theen t i r e wo rk wa spe r Ｇ yc f o rmedwi t hc oa lb l endsc on t a i n i ngtwoi nd i genous
coa l s( name l lGandCoa lS)andn i ne t e enimＧ y,Coa r t edcoa l swi t hd i f f e r en tcok i ngp r ope r t i e s．The s e po , coa ls amp l e swe r ef i r s tana l z e db a s e do nc h e m i c a l y , rheo l og i c a land pe t r og r aph i cp r ope r t i e s a sp r e s en Ｇ t edi nTab l e１．Towi dent hespe c t rumo ft hes t udy, twod i f f e r en ts e t so fcoa lb l ends,onewi t h１００％imＧ r t edcoa landt heo t he r wi t hi nd i po genousandimＧ r t edcoa l,we r eus ed．Twen t lb l endswe r ede Ｇ po ycoa , s i n e df o re a c hc a s e h a v i n s a m eC C Pv a l u eo f c o a l g g ( ) b l ends Tab l e２ ．Theb l endswe r et hensub e c t edt o j h i empe r a t ur ec a rbon i z a t i ont e s t sunde ra g i ven ght s e to fcond i t i ons．
Tab l e１ De t a i l so fp r op e r t i e so fc o a l s S l．
Coa l ID
Ash/ ％
１
Coa lA
９ １０
２ ３
Coa lB
Coa lC
４
Coa lD
６
Coa lF
５
７ ８ ９
１０
１６
２７ ９０
５ ５
G
８ ００
３１ ５０
０ ６１
５０ ５０
３７ ００
９ ０
１０ ４９
Coa lN
１３ １０
Coa lP
８ ９５
１７ ５０
２６ ８５ ２６ １５
２３ ５０
０ ５９
０ ６３ ０ ４３
０ ６９
５４ ５０
６５ ６０ ６１ ５６
４７ ４３
２８ ５０
２６ ２８ ２２ ８４
３７ ２７
７ ５ ５ ５ ７ ０
５ ０
G６
ddpm
Ave r age r e f l e c t i ono f /％ v i t r i n i t e
To t a l / r e a c t i ve ％
Vi t r i n i t e d i s t r i bu t i on ( /％ V９－１２)
１５０
０ ７２
７２ ０
２５
４００
０ ９８
５３ ２
６８
６６ ６
９６
Max imum f l u i d i t y/ NA
８１７４
１ ４４
０ ７９
４２ ０
６２ ５
０
１３
２０
１ ６０
７１ ０
G１
２３４９
１ ０３
５１ ２
G２
５０６
０ ９５
７７ ８
８５ ２
２５
１ １２
４８ ５
９８
G１０ G
２００
７０００ ５４８
１ ０４
０ ９２ １ １０
７９ ０ ５７ ０
０
９６
６２
７５
８ ９８
２２ １５
０ ４０
４９ ８３
３９ ４５
７ ０
G４
９ ２０
２５ ００
０ ６０
５０ １４
３２ ７８
８ ０
G４
２５０
１ １７
７０ ６
９６
７ ５２
２０ ５２
０ ６０
５２ ２６
２０ ５９
７ ５
G４
６５
１ １７
５９ ８
６２
G７
１７３８
１ １１
５７ ５
９８
G２
８７８
１９
Coa lS
１７ ２３
Coa lU
８ １０
２１
G４
５０ ９０
Coa lL
Coa lT
７ ５
G
０ ４１
Coa lQ
２０
３３ １５
５ ５
２４ ５０
１０ ５０
Coa lR
５４ ７５
２０ ３０
E
９ ５０
１７ １８
６２ ９２
２ ５
G１
Coa lJ
Coa lO
３２ ２７
５ ０
９ ２２
１５
０ ６９
５０ ４３
３１ ４４
Coa lI
Coa lM
３４ ５７
０ ５５
％
LTGK
６０ ０２
１５ ２３
１３
３３ ５０
０ ５８
％
CSN
０ ５５
Coa lG
Coa lH
２３ ０１
S iO２/ Al２O３/
２７ ５０
１０ ５０
Coa lK
１４
７ ６６
％
S/ ％
８ ５０
Coa lE
１１ １２
９ ５０
Vo l a t i l e / ma t t e r
９ ３５ ９ ００
９ ５０
２６ ２０
２６ １０ ２０ ９５ ２４ ０３ ２０ １０ ２０ ３０
２２ ００ ２２ １０
１ １０
０ ５７ ０ ４４ ０ ５０ ０ ５０ ０ ４８
０ ５４ ０ ４７
６１ ９９
６４ ６９ ５１ ４２ ５９ ３４ ６２ ５８ ６３ ３４
６２ ６２ ５８ ００
３１ ４２
２７ ４６ ３４ ４６ ３２ ５０ ２８ ０６ ３０ ０７
２９ ５６ ３２ ５０
６ ０
９ ０ ７ ５ ８ ０ ７ ５ ６ ５
７ ５ ８ ０
G１
G６ G２ G５ G５ G４
５８８
５１８ ２６２ ４４６
５００
１１００
１ ００
１ ０４ １ １５ １ １１ １ ２４
１ １６
１ １７
５４ ６
８９ ３ ６６ ８ ６２ ５ ５２ ４
７３ ８
５９ ０
８１
９６ ５２ ８０ ５５
９８
１００
/ No t e:１)LTGKi sl owt empe r a t ur eg r ay Ｇk i nga s s ay;２)To t a lr e a c t i vei sac omb i na t i ono fv i t r i n i t e,s emi Ｇ v i t r i n i t eandex i n i t e l i t i n i t e; p ３)ddpmi st hed i a ld i v i s i onpe rmi nu t e．
１ １ P l an tt r i a l s ens, i nwh i cht heexpe r imen t swe r edone,we r ec a r e Ｇ I np l an tt r i a l s,t heope r a t i ng pa r ame t e r sl i ke f u l l e l e c t edt oensur es e t t i ngt e s tcond i t i ons． ys c rush i ngf i nene s s,bu l kdens i t i s t u r ec on t en t yandmo we r ema i n t a i nedf o ra l lt e s t si nt her angeo f９０％ ± １ ２ Cokequa l i t y /m３ and１０％ －１２％ ,r amp l e sf r omt hep l an twe r eco l l e c t ed ２％ ,１ ０５t e spe c t i ve l y．The Thecokes u s h i n a n dc h a r i n s c h e d u l e sw e r em a i n t a i n e da s e r f r o m a u t os a m l e r ． E a c hs a m l e w a ss u b e c t e dt o p g gg p p p j , , , , no rma lop e r a t i on．Th ef o l l ow i ngp r e c a u t i on swe r et ake n s c r e en i ngana l i sus i ng１００ ８０ ５０ ４０ ２０and１０ ys i z es c r e ens．As t ab i l i z a t i ont e s ta spe rs t anda rd t oma i n t a i ns t anda r dt e s tc ond i t i on:( １)t heb l end i ng mms [ : ( ) ] , r a t i o wa sc on t i nuous l m o n i t o r e dt h r o u h P L C t o I S ７ １ ８ ９ １ ９ ７ ４ w a sc a r r i e do u t ． T h u s t h e l y g pus ;( ) ensur et hea c cu r a t epe r c en t ageo fe a chc oa l ２ t he ５０ mm s i z e coke ob t a i ned wa st e s t ed f o r co l d t r eng t hp r ope r t i e sus i ng mi cumd rum．Thecoker e Ｇ coa lt owe r( wh i chr e c e i ve sb l endedc oa l)wa semp Ｇ s ;( ) ( ) t i edandc l e anedbe f o r ee a chexpe r imen t ３t heov Ｇ a c t i v i t ndex CRI andcokes t r eng t ha f t e rr e a c t i on yi
I s sue７ Ef f e c to fI nd i an Med i um Cok i ngCoa lonCokeQua l i t nNon Ｇ r e c ove r t ampCha r yi yS gedCokeOven
６７５
Tab l e２ Compo s i t i ono fc o a lb l end
S l．
Coa lb l endwi t h( ２０％ －６５％ )I nd i ai nd i oa land genousc ( ３５％ －８０％ )impo r t edc oa l
Coa l Coa l Coa l Coa l Coa l Coa l Coa l Coa l Coa l Coa l Coa l Coa l Coa l Coa l Coa l Coa l Coa l Coa l Coa l Coa l Coa l G
S
R
O
P
K
N
１
２３
２０
－
－
－
３６
－
３
３５
１６
－
－
４３
－
－
－
２９
－
３６
－
３０
２ ４ ５ ６ ７ ８ ９
１０ １１ １２ １３ １４ １５ １６ １７ １８ １９ ２０
Coa lb l endwi t h１００％ impo r t edc oa l
２５ ３８ ３５ ３３ ２３ ２７ ３０
４０ ２５ ２５ ２３ ２３ ３３ ２８ － －
２０ ２０
２２ ２７
－
－
－
０
２０
－
３７
１６
１１
－
２０
－
４０
－
－
３８
３８
－
１５
１０
２０
０
２０
２０
２０ ２５ ２０ ２９ ２９
１０ － －
４８
－
３８
－
２０
１０
４０
－
４０ ３０ ３８
２５
－
３４ － － － －
－ － － － － －
－
－
－
－
５０ ４２
６５
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
３５
－
－
－
２５
３５
－
－
１０
１０
－
－
３０
３０
－
１０
１０
－ －
１０ －
１１
－
９
１２
１０
－
９
－
－
－
－
３３
－
６
－
－
－
－ －
１２
－ －
１０
－
－
－
－
４５
－
－
－ －
４５
－
－
－ － － －
６０
２５ －
４０ ５０ －
５５
－
－
－ － －
－
４０
１０
－
３５
２５
３５
－
４０
－ － －
４５ ３０ －
－
４０ －
－ － － － －
－
３０
３０
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－ －
－
３５ ５０
－
４０ －
－
－
－
－
－
２５
－
－
４５
５０
－
－
－
－
１５ １５
３０
－
１５ １２
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
－
A
－
－
－
B
１７ ５
－
－
－
D
－
１２
４２
３０
E
２０
－
－
F
１７ ５
１０
－
H
１５
１０
－
I
－
２０
－
J
－
－
－
M
－
－ －
Q
３０
１５
－
R
－
－
－
T
－
１０
－
L
１２
－
－
－
－
－
３３
C
９
－ － － －
－ － － － － －
－
２０ －
－
２０
－
２０
－ －
１０ －
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( CSR)t e s twa sde t e rmi nedus i ng Ni t e e lCo r Ｇ ２ １ De v e l opmen to fCCP mode l pponS r a t i on ( NSC)me t hod． CCPi sacomb i na t i ono fs t a t i s t i c a land ma t he Ｇ po ma t i c a lme t hodst ha ti sus e f u lf o rs e l e c t i ono fcoa l s． ２ CCP Mod e l Thec a l cu l a t i ono fCCPi sba s edont hei n t e r l a t i on po ft her angeo fs e l e c t edp r ope r t i e swh i cha r eus edi n Cok i ngpo t en t i a l( CP)o fc oa ldependsoni t si n Ｇ o h i smode l．Expe r imen t sa r epe r f o rmedwi t ht heva Ｇ d i v i dua lpr ope r t i e swh i chi simpo r t an tf o rc okemak Ｇ t i e t fcoa landsubs equen tcha r t shavebe en p r e Ｇ i ngt op r oduc egoodc oke．CCP mode lwa sus edf o r r yo r eddep i c t i ng va r i ous p r ope r t i e so ft hecoa l．Fo r s e l e c t i ngche apc oa lb l endst ha t wou l ds t i l lc omp l y pa a chp r ope r t i ngpo t en t i a lr angei sa l l oc a t ed wi t ht hemi n imumc okequa l i t equ i r emen t so fb l a s t e y,acok yr oape rmi s s i b l er ange．Cok i ngpo t en t i a lo fi nd i v i dua l f urna c e s．TheCCPi ndext ake si n t oa c c oun tt heva r i Ｇ t r ope r t fe a c hc o a li nac o a lb l e ndi sf oundbyu s i ng ouspr ope r t i e so ft hec oa l sandt he i rp r opo r t i onsi na p yo r r e spond i ngi n t e r l a t i oncha r t．We i t agei sa s Ｇ i ven c oa lb l end．Th i s me t hodo l ogy i s ne c e s s a r po gh g y co , i oe a chp r ope r t he r e a f t e r CPi sc a l cu Ｇ s i nc ee a ch o ft he s e pa r ame t e r sr ep r e s en t sd i f f e r en t s gnedt yandt a t edf o re a chcoa l．Ma t hema t i c a l l h i sc anbeex Ｇ yt a spe c t so ft hec ok i ngphenomenawi t hi t sva r i ngimＧ l y : r e s s e da s o r t a n c e ． S o m eo ft h e s e a r a m e t e r sa l s oh a v ei n t e r Ｇ p p p [ , ] ( Rpmi －Rpmj )( xpm －xpmj ) dependenc i e s１６ １７ ． The g r aph i c a l us e ri n t e r f a c e ( １) Rpm ＝Rpmj ＋ ( xpmi －xpmj GUI)f o rCCPc ompu t a t i onmode li sg i veni nF i １． g whe r e,Rpm i st hecok i ngpo t en t i a lo fmt hp r ope r t y ; o fpt hs amp l eo fcoa lunde rexpe r imen t Rpmji st he hobs e r vedva l ueo fmt hp r ope r t fpt hs amp l eo f yo jt coa l;Rpmii st heit hobs e r vedva l ueo fmt hpr ope r t y o fpt hs amp l eo fcoa l;xpm r ep r e s en t st heexpe r imen Ｇ t a lva l ueo ft hemt hp r ope r t fpt hs amp l eo fcoa l yo unde rexpe r imen t;xpmii st heit hobs e r vedva l ueo f mt h pr ope r t fpt hs amp l eo fcoa lunde rexpe r i Ｇ yo ; men t and xpmj i st hejt h obs e r ved va l ueo f mt h r ope r t fpt hs amp l eo fcoa lunde rexpe r imen t． p yo VM—Vo l a t i l ema t t e r; Ro—Re f l e c t i ono fv i t r i n i t e; GK—Gr ayk i ng．
F i １ GUIf o rCCPc ompu t a t i onmod e l g
２ ２ I npu ts he e t CCPcons i s t so ft eni npu t sva r i ab l e swh i cha r e
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J ou r na lo fI r onandS t e e lRe s e a r ch,I n t e r na t i ona l Vo l ２１
de t e rmi ned f r om chemi c a l,rheo l og i c a land pe t r o Ｇ r aph i cana l i s．Thef unc t i ona lr e l a t i onsh i twe en g ys pbe t hei npu tva r i ab l e sl i ke a sh, VM,CSN,LTGK, , max imumf l u i d i t r ager e f l e c t anc eo fv i t r i n i t e, y ave r a t i oo fr e a c t i vet oi ne r t( R/ I),v i t r i n i t ed i s t r i bu t i on ( V１１ ＋V１２),r a t i oo fS iO２t oAl２O３anda l ka l i n i t i Ｇ yn ( ) dex AI andt hec o r r e spond i ngc okeCSR ha sbe en mappedus i nganadap t i veCCP mode l． ２ ３ Ou t ts he e t pu Theou t tshe e tp r e s en t st hec oa lb l endqua l i t pu y , , , , wi t hr e spe c tt oa sh VM CSN LTGK max imum f l u i d i t r ager e f l e c t anc eo fv i t r i n i t e,r a t i oo fr e Ｇ y,ave a c t i vet oi ne r t,v i t r i n i t ed i s t r i bu t i on ( V１１ ＋V１２),r a Ｇ t i oo fS iO２ t oAl２O３ anda l ka l i n i t ndexa l ong wi t h yi /c t hee s t ima t edCCPva l ueo fc oa l oa lb l endandcoke l i t nt e rmso fCSR． qua yi
２ ４ Va l i da t i ono fmode l Themode lha sbe enva l i da t edwi t hnon Ｇ r e cove r y cokep l an tcoa lb l ends．Thep r ed i c t edcokeCSRva l Ｇ ue shavebe enva l i da t edaga i ns tt hea c t ua lCSRva l ue s o fcoke．
３ Re s u l t sandDi s c u s s i on
Thet i c a lqua l i t ft hei nd i r Ｇ yp yo genousandimpo t edcoa l sbe i ngus edi nt h i ss t udyi sg i veni nTab l e１． I t may beno t edt ha tt hes e l e c t edcoa l shaveve r y wi ded i f f e r enc ei nt he i rqua l i t spe c i a l l shcon Ｇ y;e y,a ( t en to fi nd i l s １５ ５％ and１７ ２％f o rCoa l genouscoa Gand Coa lS,r e spe c t i ve l sh i rcompa r edt o y)i ghe t ha to fimpo r t ed coa l s ( ７ ３％ － １０ ０％ )．The s e r ope r t i e swe r eus edt oc a l cu l a t et heCCPva l ue so f p t hecoa l s,a sshowni nF i ２．Re su l t sshowt ha tt he g c a l cu l a t edmi n imumandmax imumCCPva l ue so ft he
F i ２ CCPo fi nd i v i dua lc ok i ngc o a l s g
coa l swe r e２ １６ ( Coa lA)and６ ５９ ( Coa lU)． Ther e l a t i onsh i twe enCCPo fc oa lb l endand pbe cokeCSRi sshowni nF i ３． I tha sbe enobs e r ved g t ha tt he r ei sagoodr e l a t i onsh i twe enc oa lb l end pbe CCPandCSR．Re su l t sshowt ha tt heCSRi nc r e a s e s wi t hani nc r e a s ei nc oa lb l endCCPva l ue． I tmaya l so beno t edt ha tt hec o r r e l a t i oni ss t r ongf o rt hec a s eo f １００％ impo r t edc oa lc ompa r edt ot heo t he rc a s e s． Th i si spr ima r i l ot hef a c tt ha tt heva r i ab i l i t yduet y o fcoa lb l endsp r ope r t i e si sl owe rf o r１００％impo r t ed coa l sa sc ompa r edt ot hec a s eo fc oa lb l endsc on t a i Ｇ n i ngimpo r t edandi nd i oa l s．Ther e l a t i onsh i genousc p i sa lmo s tl i ne a rwi t hc o r r e l a t i onc oe f f i c i en to f０ ９５ and０ ８９,r e spe c t i ve l y． Ac t ua land pr ed i c t ed CSR va l ue s have be en
showni nF i ４f o rcoa lb l end wi t h１００％ impo r t ed g coa landcoa lb l endwi t h２０％ －６５％i nd i genousand ３５％ －８０％ impo r t edcoa l s．Theco r r e l a t i oncoe f f i Ｇ c i en t( R２)v a l u e so f０ ８４and０ ８９e s t ab l i s ht hev a l i d i t y
F i ３ Re l a t i on s h i fCCPo fc o a lb l endwi t h g po c ok eCSR ( f o rbo t hs e r i e s)
I s sue７ Ef f e c to fI nd i an Med i um Cok i ngCoa lonCokeQua l i t nNon Ｇ r e c ove r t ampCha r yi yS gedCokeOven
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F i ６ Re l a t i on s h i fCCPo fc o a lb l endwi t h M４０i nd e x g po
４ Conc l u s i on s ( a)Coa lb l endwi t h１００％impo r t edc oa l; ( b)Coa lb l endwi t h ２０％－６５％ I nd i ai nd i r t edc oa l s． genousand３５％－８０％impo
F i ４ Re l a t i onb e twe enp r e d i c t e danda c t ua lc ok eCSR g
o ft heCCP mode l． F i ５showst ha tt her e s i dua lva l ueo fe s t ima t ed g CSRa tani ndus t r i a ls c a l ef o rbo t hc a s e．Thee s t i Ｇ ma t edCSRi si ngoodag r e emen twi t hi ndus t r i a lCSR va l ue ( f r omc okep l an t)．Ther e s i dua le r r o ro fe s t i Ｇ ma t edCSR andi ndus t r i a lCSRi sno tve r i i f i Ｇ ys gn c an t．TheCSRva r i a t i oni son l nt her angeo f－０ ８ yi t o１ ４f o rbo t hc a s e s( F i ５)．Th i s maybeduet o g t heope r a t i ngpa r ame t e r so ft heovens．
Thepur eo ft hes t udyi st op r oduc ede s i r ab l e pos cokef o rb l a s tf urna c e sbyop t imi z i ngt hecoa lb l end r ope r t i e s．Ther i tcoa lb l endf o rpr oduc i ngcoke p gh l ueo f８１－８９ hav i ngCSRva l ueo f６３－６８andM４０va wa si den t i f i ed andimp l emen t ed suc c e s s f u l l na yi non Ｇ r e cove r l an t． I twa sconc l udedt ha tt he ycokep a c c ep t edr angeo fCCPo fcoa lb l endf o rp r oduc i ng cokewi t hCSR mo r et han６３ ０i nt henon Ｇ r e cove r y cokep l an ti sabove４ ５．Th i st e chn i ed quemaybeus suc c e s s f u l l l emen t edi np l an tf o rs e l e c t i ngnew yimp coa l sandop t imi z i ngt heb l endcompos i t i on． CCPva l uei sus e f u lf o reva l ua t i ngt hemi n imum and max imum cok i ngpo t en t i a l so fcoa l sa swe l la s coa lb l ends．TheCSRand M４０ o fcokea r eimp r oved s imu l t aneous l t hi nc r e a s i ngt heCCPva l ueo fcoa l y wi b l ends．Us i ng I nd i an med i um cok i ng coa li n coa l l ueo fcoke ( upt o６５％ )． b l endenhanc e st he M４０ va TheCCP mode lmayr educ et hecoa lb l endcos tby s e l e c t i ngche ape rcoa li nt heb l end． Re f e r enc e s:
F i ５ Re l a t i on s h i fCCPo fc o a lb l endwi t hr e s i dua l g po e r r o ro fp r e d i c t e danda c t ua lCSRo fc o a lb l end
F i ６showst her e l a t i onsh i twe en CCPo f g p be coa lb l endandM４０va l ueo fc oke． I tmaybeobs e r ved t ha tt heM４０ andCCPo fc oa lb l endshowapo s i t i ve co r r e l a t i on．Thec o r r e l a t i onc oe f f i c i en twa sf oundt o be０ ８４and０ ８９f o rb l endsc on t a i n i ng１００％impo r Ｇ t edcoa landc oa lb l endc on t a i n i ngbo t himpo r t edand i nd i oa l s．I ti si n t e r e s t i ngt o no t et ha tt he genousc coa lb l endhav i ng upt o６５％ i nd i oa lg i ve s genousc h i rM４０ va l uec ompa r edt oc oa lb l endsc on t a i n i ng ghe １００％ impo r t ed c oa l．Howeve r,a s no t i c ed f r om , F i ２ t he r ewa snos i i f i c an td i f f e r enc ei nCSRf o r g gn bo t hc a s e s．Th i s phenomenon may beduet o be s t compa t i b i l i t o fi n d i e n o u sc o a lw i t ht h ei m o r t e d y g p s emi Ｇ s o f tc oa lf o rimp r ov i ngt heM４０ o fc oke．
[ １] S G．Chaudhur i,AK．Mukhe r e e,KK．Roychoudhur n: j y,i Pr o c e ed i ngs o f Na t i ona lSemi na ron Coa lf o rB l a s t Fur na c e Cokeandf o rI n e c t i on,Pub l i c a t i onsandI n f o rma t i on Di r e c t o Ｇ j r a t e,New Deh l i,I amshedpur,I nd i a,１９９０,pp． ６５ Ｇ ７６． [ ２] R．Z imme rman,Eva l ua t i ngandTe s t i ngt heCok i ngPr ope r t i e s ,SanFr o fCoa l,Mi l l e randFr e emanPub l i c a t i onsI nc． anc i s c o, １９７９． [ ３] M．Kema l,V．Ar s l an,Coa lTe chno l ogy,Dokuz ey l u lUn i ve r s i Ｇ t zmi r,Turkey,２００５． y,I [ ４] T G．Ca l l c o t t,Pr i nc i l e sf o rB l end i ngCoa l s,BHP Te chn i c a l p Bu l l e t i n２３ ( １９７９)No ２,４９ Ｇ ５３． [ ５] F．Anzu,i n:Pr o c e ed i ngso ft he３９ t hI r onmak i ngCon f e r enc e, TheSo c i e t sh i ng t on,１９８０,pp． １９２ Ｇ ２００． y,Wa [ ６] WH．Va nNi e k e r k,R J．D i e n a a r,J． S．Af r． I n s t．Mi n．Me t a l l． pp ９１ ( １９９１)５３ Ｇ ６１． [ ７] P P．Kuma r,S．Ba rman,M．Ran an,S．Gho sh,VVS．Ra Ｇ j u,I r onmak． S t e e lmak． ３５ ( ２００８)３３ Ｇ ３７． j [ ８] A．Gup t a,AK．Da s,GI S． Chauhan,I n t． J． Coa lPr ep．Ut i l． ２７ ( ２００７)２８ Ｇ ３８． [ ９] A．Su r e s h,T．Ra S．Da s h,P K．Ba n e r e e,I r onmak．S t e e l Ｇ y,P j mak． ３９ ( ２０１２)３６３ Ｇ ３６９．
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J ou r na lo fI r onandS t e e lRe s e a r ch,I n t e r na t i ona l Vo l ２１
[ １０] J P．Gr aham,HC．Wi l k i ns on,CokeQua l i t t sRe l a t i on yandI t o Coa l Pr ope r t i e s．Cha r epa r a t i on and Ca r bon i z a t i on ge Pr Pr a c t i c e s,TheCokeOven Manage r s,１９８０． [ １１] B．Duchene,J．S t e i l e r,B．Rouz aud,i n:F i f t hI n t． I r onand S t e e lCong r e s s,I r onmak i ngPr o c．Vo l ４５,PTD,Wa sh i ng t on DC,１９８６,pp． ２１１ Ｇ ２１９． [ １２] R J．Gr a E．Ch amp a e,i n:Pr o c e e d i ng so ft h e４７ t hI r on Ｇ y,P gn mak i ngCon f e r enc e,I r onandS t e e lSo c i e t y,USA,１９８８,pp． ３１３ Ｇ ３２４． [ １３] J T．Pr i c e,J F．Gr ans den,MA．Khan,i n:Pr o c e ed i ngso f
t he ４７ t hI r onmak i ng Con f e r enc e,I r on and S t e e l So c i e t y, USA,１９８８,pp． １５４２ Ｇ １５６２． [ １４] AH．C l emen t s,T W．Ma t he s on,Fue l７４ ( １９９５)５７ Ｇ ６２． [ １５] P．Pr a che t han Kuma r,S C．Ba rman,S．S i ngh,M．Ran an, j I r onmak． S t e e lmak． ３５ ( ２００８)４１６ Ｇ ４２０． [ １６] HP．T iwa r i,S．Su r i,P K．Ba n e r e e,S K．Ha l d a r,P．S a r k a r, j R．Ag a rwa l,ECIC,Dus s e l do r f,Ge rmany,Se c t i on２２,２０１１, １ Ｇ ７． pp． [ １７] HP．Tiwa r i,P K． Bane r e e,VK． Saxena,Fue l１０７ ( ２０１３) j ６１５ Ｇ ６２２．