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Effect of lateral hypothalamic lesion on serotonin and somatostatin-containing endocrine cells in rat duodenum
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15. Hypothalamus DISTRIBUTION OF FIg,IALE S P E C I F I C CYTO(]4R(L4E P - 4 5 0 ( F - I ) IN THE RAT PREOPTIC AREA Alq9 ~ T H A L A M U S . K a z u k i Hagihar~tSadao Sbiosakal,Yasuhide L,e e l , M i k a k o Ikedatt J u n z o K a t o 2 and M a s a y a T o h y a m a ~ r D e p a r t m e n t o if N e u r o a n a t o m y , B i o m e d i c a l Research Center,Osaka University Medical School~,Department of O b s t e t r i c s and Gynecology, Yamanashi Medical C o l l e g e ' Z ~ D e p a r t m e n t o__[f A n a t o m y II~Osaka University Medical School~ Localization of f e m a l e t y p e c y t o c h r o m e P - 4 5 0 ( F - 1 ) in t h e p r e o p t i c area and h y p o t h a l a m u s of t h e r a t was e x a m i n e d i m m u n o c y t o c h e m i c a l l y using antiserum against purified hepatic P-450(F-l).Western immunoblotting using the antiserum demonstrated that female rat brain cotains P-450(F-1).Immunocytocbemical analysis further demonstrated the detailed cellular localization of t h i s P - 4 5 0 - L I s in the preoptie a r e a and h y p o t h a l a m u s of f e m a l e rats.Magnocellular neurosecretory neurons in t h e p a r a v e n t r i c u l a r n u c l e u s and s u p r a o p t i c nucleus were labeled a nd were found to contain oxytocin but lacked vasopressin when s e r i a l sections of these areas were analysed.ln addition,groups of i m m u n o r e a c t i v e c e l l s w e r e s e e n in the median preoptie nucleus,medial and l a t e r a l preoptic area,caudal position of the b e d n u c l e u s of t h e s t r i a terminalis,lateral hypothalamus at the level of the paraventrieular nucleus,periventricular zone from the preoptic area to the paraventricular nucleus,and parvocellular position of the paraventricular nucleus.
EI,~I,'I~IC''I ()F I,h'l'l,il~h], IIYI)O'I'IIM,AMICI,ESION ON SEROTONIN ^NI)ISOMATOS'rATIN-COI~TAINING ENI)OCI(INE CELLS IN RAT DUODENUM. F4INEI(O FUJI~IIYA1, TOSIIIltII(OoM/~EI)A AND IIIROSIII I(IMURA2, Department of Anatomy 1, Molecular Neurobiology Research Center z, Shiga U n i v e r s i t y of Medical S c i e n c e , S e t a , Otsu, 520-21, Japan. To examine tile r e g u l a t o r y mechanism of the b r a i n on the i n t e s t i n e , the e f f e c t of l a t e r a l hypotl~alamic(Lll) l e s i o n on s e r o t o n i n ( 5 W r ) and s o m a t o s t a t i n ( S L I ) l e v e l s in tile duodenal e n d o c r i n e c e ] i s was i n v e s t i g a t e d . Male W l s t a r (250-290g) r a t s r e c e i v e d b i l a t e r a I kainic a c J d ( l u g / O . 5 u l ) or sham l e s i o n s in the LII a r e a . S t a rve d and normal a n l m a i s were used for controls. On tile 5th clay a f t e r tile t r e a t m e n t , a n i m a l s were s a c r i f i c e d for immunohistochemical s t u d y as w e l l as b i o c h e m i c a l measurement for 51IT and SLI. IWLC and RIA a s s a y s were performed in the i s o l a t e d e p i t h e l i u m from u n d e r l i n i n g lamin a p r o p r i a . Body weight l o s s in L l l - i e s i o n e d a n i m a l s ( 2 O g / d a y ) w~s twice t h a t in s t a r v e d a n l m a l s ( i O g / d a ~ ) . 5lIT c e l l d c n s i t y ill L l l - l e s i o n e d (2890±170 cells/ram u e p i t h e l i u m ) and s t a r v e d ( 2 9 1 0 ! 2 3 2 ) a ni ma l s were s i g n i f i c a n t l y h i g l m r than t h a t in normal a n i m a l s ( ] 8 8 3 i 1 0 9 ) . E p i t h e l i a l 5lIT c o n c e n t r a t i o n i n L I l - l e s i o n e d ( 3 . i i O . 3 n g / m g w.w.) a n i m a l s was s i g n i f i c a n t l y h i g h e r than t h a t in s t a r v e d ( 2 . 2 i O . 3 ) or norrnal(2.3tO.2) a n i m a l s . 5tIT c o n t e n t per EC c e l l in s t a r v e d ( O . 7 p g / c e l l ) a n i m a l s was lower than t h a t in L I l - l c s i o n e d ( l . 1 ) or n o r m a l ( 1 . 2 ) a n i m a l s . E p i t h e l i a l SLI c o n c e n t r a t i o n in s t a r v e d ( 7 . 6 / O . 6 p g / m g w.w.) a n i m a l s was significantly h i g h e r than t h a t in Lit-lesioned(5.9+_0.7) or n o r m a l ( 5 . 4 i O . 4 ) a n i m a l s . Such alterations of tile 5lIT and SLI c o n t e n t in L i t - l e s i o n e d and s t a r v e d a n i m a l s s u g g e s t s t h a t the b r a i n has a c o n t r o l mechanism on i n t e s t i n a l e n d o c r i n e s e c r e t i o n .
CENTRAL NEURAL CONTROL OF BLOOD CALCIUM. SHUJI AOU *1,2, ATSUSI Takakl*l, 2 AND Y U T A K A O O M U R A 3 x iNatlonal I n s t i t u t e for P h y s i o l o g i c a l Sciences, Okazakl 444; ZDepartment of Physiology, F a c u l t y of Medicine, Kyushu U n i v e r s i t y 60, Maidashl, Fukuoka 812; ~Wakan-yaku Institute, T o y a m a M e d i c a l and P h a r m a c e u t i c a l University, Sugltanl, Toyama 930-01, Japan. All endocrine systems except calcium (Ca) regulation (parathyroid hormone, PTH and caleltonln, CT) have been known to have control mechanisms executed by the central nervous system. In 1987, Goltzman and T a n n e n b a u m d e m o n s t r a t e d that central a d m i n i s t r a t i o n of CT caused h y p o c a l c e m i a In a n e s t h e t i z e d rats. They hypothesized the central m e c h a n i s m of peripheral Ca regulation. In the 1950s, Ban et al and Takahashl et al had found that electrical stimulation of the h y p o t h a l a m u s and the amygdala elicited changes In blood Ca level. In the present study, we examined the effects of electrical stimulation (0.2 ms, 50 Hz, 300 uA, 30 sec) of the medial h y p o t h a l a m u s on blood Ca, PTH and CT levels In a n e s t h e t i z e d monkeys (pentobarbltal 35 mg/kg, im). Seven macaque monkeys were used in accordance wlth NIH guidelines. Blood was taken 5 min before and 2, 5, i0, 80, 60 and 120 mln after stimulation. Blood Ca level s l g n l f l e a n t l y decreased i0, 30 and 60 mln after the stimulation. CT level dld not show a significant change, however, a decrease In PTH level was found 2 and S mln after the stimulation. Hypoealeemla elicited by medial h y p o t h a l a m l c stimulation may be caused by a decrease In PTH level.
15. Hypothalamus DISTRIBUTION OF FIg,IALE S P E C I F I C CYTO(]4R(L4E P - 4 5 0 ( F - I ) IN THE RAT PREOPTIC AREA Alq9 ~ T H A L A M U S . K a z u k i Hagihar~tSadao Sbiosakal,Yasuhide L,e e l , M i k a k o Ikedatt J u n z o K a t o 2 and M a s a y a T o h y a m a ~ r D e p a r t m e n t o if N e u r o a n a t o m y , B i o m e d i c a l Research Center,Osaka University Medical School~,Department of O b s t e t r i c s and Gynecology, Yamanashi Medical C o l l e g e ' Z ~ D e p a r t m e n t o__[f A n a t o m y II~Osaka University Medical School~ Localization of f e m a l e t y p e c y t o c h r o m e P - 4 5 0 ( F - 1 ) in t h e p r e o p t i c area and h y p o t h a l a m u s of t h e r a t was e x a m i n e d i m m u n o c y t o c h e m i c a l l y using antiserum against purified hepatic P-450(F-l).Western immunoblotting using the antiserum demonstrated that female rat brain cotains P-450(F-1).Immunocytocbemical analysis further demonstrated the detailed cellular localization of t h i s P - 4 5 0 - L I s in the preoptie a r e a and h y p o t h a l a m u s of f e m a l e rats.Magnocellular neurosecretory neurons in t h e p a r a v e n t r i c u l a r n u c l e u s and s u p r a o p t i c nucleus were labeled a nd were found to contain oxytocin but lacked vasopressin when s e r i a l sections of these areas were analysed.ln addition,groups of i m m u n o r e a c t i v e c e l l s w e r e s e e n in the median preoptie nucleus,medial and l a t e r a l preoptic area,caudal position of the b e d n u c l e u s of t h e s t r i a terminalis,lateral hypothalamus at the level of the paraventrieular nucleus,periventricular zone from the preoptic area to the paraventricular nucleus,and parvocellular position of the paraventricular nucleus.
EI,~I,'I~IC''I ()F I,h'l'l,il~h], IIYI)O'I'IIM,AMICI,ESION ON SEROTONIN ^NI)ISOMATOS'rATIN-COI~TAINING ENI)OCI(INE CELLS IN RAT DUODENUM. F4INEI(O FUJI~IIYA1, TOSIIIltII(OoM/~EI)A AND IIIROSIII I(IMURA2, Department of Anatomy 1, Molecular Neurobiology Research Center z, Shiga U n i v e r s i t y of Medical S c i e n c e , S e t a , Otsu, 520-21, Japan. To examine tile r e g u l a t o r y mechanism of the b r a i n on the i n t e s t i n e , the e f f e c t of l a t e r a l hypotl~alamic(Lll) l e s i o n on s e r o t o n i n ( 5 W r ) and s o m a t o s t a t i n ( S L I ) l e v e l s in tile duodenal e n d o c r i n e c e ] i s was i n v e s t i g a t e d . Male W l s t a r (250-290g) r a t s r e c e i v e d b i l a t e r a I kainic a c J d ( l u g / O . 5 u l ) or sham l e s i o n s in the LII a r e a . S t a rve d and normal a n l m a i s were used for controls. On tile 5th clay a f t e r tile t r e a t m e n t , a n i m a l s were s a c r i f i c e d for immunohistochemical s t u d y as w e l l as b i o c h e m i c a l measurement for 51IT and SLI. IWLC and RIA a s s a y s were performed in the i s o l a t e d e p i t h e l i u m from u n d e r l i n i n g lamin a p r o p r i a . Body weight l o s s in L l l - i e s i o n e d a n i m a l s ( 2 O g / d a y ) w~s twice t h a t in s t a r v e d a n l m a l s ( i O g / d a ~ ) . 5lIT c e l l d c n s i t y ill L l l - l e s i o n e d (2890±170 cells/ram u e p i t h e l i u m ) and s t a r v e d ( 2 9 1 0 ! 2 3 2 ) a ni ma l s were s i g n i f i c a n t l y h i g l m r than t h a t in normal a n i m a l s ( ] 8 8 3 i 1 0 9 ) . E p i t h e l i a l 5lIT c o n c e n t r a t i o n i n L I l - l e s i o n e d ( 3 . i i O . 3 n g / m g w.w.) a n i m a l s was s i g n i f i c a n t l y h i g h e r than t h a t in s t a r v e d ( 2 . 2 i O . 3 ) or norrnal(2.3tO.2) a n i m a l s . 5tIT c o n t e n t per EC c e l l in s t a r v e d ( O . 7 p g / c e l l ) a n i m a l s was lower than t h a t in L I l - l c s i o n e d ( l . 1 ) or n o r m a l ( 1 . 2 ) a n i m a l s . E p i t h e l i a l SLI c o n c e n t r a t i o n in s t a r v e d ( 7 . 6 / O . 6 p g / m g w.w.) a n i m a l s was significantly h i g h e r than t h a t in Lit-lesioned(5.9+_0.7) or n o r m a l ( 5 . 4 i O . 4 ) a n i m a l s . Such alterations of tile 5lIT and SLI c o n t e n t in L i t - l e s i o n e d and s t a r v e d a n i m a l s s u g g e s t s t h a t the b r a i n has a c o n t r o l mechanism on i n t e s t i n a l e n d o c r i n e s e c r e t i o n .
CENTRAL NEURAL CONTROL OF BLOOD CALCIUM. SHUJI AOU *1,2, ATSUSI Takakl*l, 2 AND Y U T A K A O O M U R A 3 x iNatlonal I n s t i t u t e for P h y s i o l o g i c a l Sciences, Okazakl 444; ZDepartment of Physiology, F a c u l t y of Medicine, Kyushu U n i v e r s i t y 60, Maidashl, Fukuoka 812; ~Wakan-yaku Institute, T o y a m a M e d i c a l and P h a r m a c e u t i c a l University, Sugltanl, Toyama 930-01, Japan. All endocrine systems except calcium (Ca) regulation (parathyroid hormone, PTH and caleltonln, CT) have been known to have control mechanisms executed by the central nervous system. In 1987, Goltzman and T a n n e n b a u m d e m o n s t r a t e d that central a d m i n i s t r a t i o n of CT caused h y p o c a l c e m i a In a n e s t h e t i z e d rats. They hypothesized the central m e c h a n i s m of peripheral Ca regulation. In the 1950s, Ban et al and Takahashl et al had found that electrical stimulation of the h y p o t h a l a m u s and the amygdala elicited changes In blood Ca level. In the present study, we examined the effects of electrical stimulation (0.2 ms, 50 Hz, 300 uA, 30 sec) of the medial h y p o t h a l a m u s on blood Ca, PTH and CT levels In a n e s t h e t i z e d monkeys (pentobarbltal 35 mg/kg, im). Seven macaque monkeys were used in accordance wlth NIH guidelines. Blood was taken 5 min before and 2, 5, i0, 80, 60 and 120 mln after stimulation. Blood Ca level s l g n l f l e a n t l y decreased i0, 30 and 60 mln after the stimulation. CT level dld not show a significant change, however, a decrease In PTH level was found 2 and S mln after the stimulation. Hypoealeemla elicited by medial h y p o t h a l a m l c stimulation may be caused by a decrease In PTH level.