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Effects of biological sediment mixing on the 210Pb chronology and trace metal distribution in a long Island Sound sediment core
772
B. Chemical Oceanography
OLR( 1979)26(12)
water contamination of the central North Atlantic by atmospheric fallout of strontium-90. (In Russian; English abstract.) Meteorologiva Gidrol.. 1979(3): 67-72.
13. Geochemistry and biogeochemistry
Neglecting advection, temporal changes in the mean annual strontium-90 concentrations of the quasihomogeneous layer are derived from 1954-1976 fallout data. The dependence of strontium-90 concentrations ,,m the power of nuclear explosions, and changes in total versus upper layer concentrations are discussed. (rio)
79:5948 Benninger, L. K., R. C. Aller, J. K. Cochran and K. K. Turekian, 1979. Effects of biological sediment mixing on the 21Upb chronology and trace metal distribution in a Long Island Sound sediment core. Earth planet. Sci. Letts, 43(2): 241-259.
79:5945 Raisbeck, G. M., F. Yiou, M. Fruneau, J. M. Loiseaux and M. Lieuvin, 1979. t')Be concentration and residence time in the ocean surface layer. Earth planet. Sci. Letts. 43(2): 237-240. Beryllium concentration in Pacific Ocean surface water, measured by nuclear accelerator spectrometry, is ~ 740 atoms/cm :~. It is suggested that particle scavenging of 1"Be in the surface layer is important and that this may modify previous ocean residence time calculations. Laboratoire Rene Bernas, Centre de Spectrometrie Nucl6aire et de Spectrometrie de Masse, 91406 Orsay, France. (bwt) 79:5946 Reid, D. F., W. S. Moore and W. M. Sackett, 1979. Temporal variation of 2~SRa in the near-surface Gulf of Mexico. Earth planet Sci. Letts, 43(2): 227-236. The marine geochemistry of ~2"Ra and the application of its surface water distribution to ocean circulation investigations were studied using the Mn-fiber extraction technique. The observed distribution of 2~Ra can be explained by known circulation patterns and, in turn, the distribution can help to elucidate local surface currents in less well-studied areas. The radium activity ratio (228/226) increased between 1968 and 1973; this unstable, naturally variable temporal distribution limits the usefulness of e~"Ra for calculations of eddy diffusion coefficients in the Gulf of Mexico-Caribbean Sea region. Code 334, Naval Ocean Research and Development Activity, NSTL Station, Miss. 39529, U.S.A. (bwt) 79:5947 Vinogradov, A. S., 1979. Vertical diffusion of radioactive fallout in the ocean. (In Russian; English abstract.) Okeanologiia, 19(2): 239-245. Based on the five-series classification of nuclear tests and an estimated eleven month stratospheric half residence time, nonstationary vertical diffusion is characterized by a growing upper layer of constant nuclide concentrations. The vertical turbulent diffusion coefficient is derived from comparisons of calculated and observed distributions. (rio)
(see also under Submarine Geology and Geo-
physics)
Processes affecting the vertical distribution of 't~'Pb and stable trace metals in a Long Island Sound sediment core were examined in detail to resolve the apparent discrepancy in sediment accumulation rates as determined by geochemical and geophysical methods. Sampling and analysis, guided by Xradiography, show z"Pb homogeneous in the top 2-4 cm, then decreasing quasi-exponentially to zero at 15 4~ cm. BeloW l_cm, excess 210 PbandexcessZn, Cu, and Pb are found only in identifiable burrow fillings, indicating that burrowing infauna act as an important mechanism for transferring surficial material to depth in sediments. In areas of slow sediment accumulation, a low rate of bioturbation below the surficial zone of rapid mixing causes an increase of at least a factor of two in the apparent accumulation rate. Department of Geology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, N.C. 27514, U.S.A. (bwt) 79:5949 Jeng, Woei-Lih, 1978. Hydrocarbons in the surface sediments of northern Taiwan Strait. Aeta oceanogr. Taiwan., 8: 80-86. Twenty-two sediment samples have been analyzed for aliphatic and aromatic concentrations, the distribution of n-alkanes, correlations between sediment type and hydrocarbon content, and possible sources of input. Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China. (rio) 79:5950 Karelskaya, A. G. and I. Ya. Agarova, 1979. Seasonal variability of some hydrological-hydrochemical parameters in the interstitial water of the Barents Sea littoral sediment. (In Russian: English abstract.) Okeanologiia, 19(2): 250-257. Interstitial waters from the oxidized surface laver of sediment taken from three different tidal marshes were sampled monthly and analyzed for several parameters (nutrients, salinity, temperature). These parameters vary with season and bottom type and this variability is discussed. (bwt) 79:5951 Moore, R. M., J. D. Burton, P. J. leB. Williams and M. L. Young, 1979. The behaviour of dissolved organic material, iron and manganese in estuarine
B. Chemical Oceanography
OLR( 1979)26(12)
water contamination of the central North Atlantic by atmospheric fallout of strontium-90. (In Russian; English abstract.) Meteorologiva Gidrol.. 1979(3): 67-72.
13. Geochemistry and biogeochemistry
Neglecting advection, temporal changes in the mean annual strontium-90 concentrations of the quasihomogeneous layer are derived from 1954-1976 fallout data. The dependence of strontium-90 concentrations ,,m the power of nuclear explosions, and changes in total versus upper layer concentrations are discussed. (rio)
79:5948 Benninger, L. K., R. C. Aller, J. K. Cochran and K. K. Turekian, 1979. Effects of biological sediment mixing on the 21Upb chronology and trace metal distribution in a Long Island Sound sediment core. Earth planet. Sci. Letts, 43(2): 241-259.
79:5945 Raisbeck, G. M., F. Yiou, M. Fruneau, J. M. Loiseaux and M. Lieuvin, 1979. t')Be concentration and residence time in the ocean surface layer. Earth planet. Sci. Letts. 43(2): 237-240. Beryllium concentration in Pacific Ocean surface water, measured by nuclear accelerator spectrometry, is ~ 740 atoms/cm :~. It is suggested that particle scavenging of 1"Be in the surface layer is important and that this may modify previous ocean residence time calculations. Laboratoire Rene Bernas, Centre de Spectrometrie Nucl6aire et de Spectrometrie de Masse, 91406 Orsay, France. (bwt) 79:5946 Reid, D. F., W. S. Moore and W. M. Sackett, 1979. Temporal variation of 2~SRa in the near-surface Gulf of Mexico. Earth planet Sci. Letts, 43(2): 227-236. The marine geochemistry of ~2"Ra and the application of its surface water distribution to ocean circulation investigations were studied using the Mn-fiber extraction technique. The observed distribution of 2~Ra can be explained by known circulation patterns and, in turn, the distribution can help to elucidate local surface currents in less well-studied areas. The radium activity ratio (228/226) increased between 1968 and 1973; this unstable, naturally variable temporal distribution limits the usefulness of e~"Ra for calculations of eddy diffusion coefficients in the Gulf of Mexico-Caribbean Sea region. Code 334, Naval Ocean Research and Development Activity, NSTL Station, Miss. 39529, U.S.A. (bwt) 79:5947 Vinogradov, A. S., 1979. Vertical diffusion of radioactive fallout in the ocean. (In Russian; English abstract.) Okeanologiia, 19(2): 239-245. Based on the five-series classification of nuclear tests and an estimated eleven month stratospheric half residence time, nonstationary vertical diffusion is characterized by a growing upper layer of constant nuclide concentrations. The vertical turbulent diffusion coefficient is derived from comparisons of calculated and observed distributions. (rio)
(see also under Submarine Geology and Geo-
physics)
Processes affecting the vertical distribution of 't~'Pb and stable trace metals in a Long Island Sound sediment core were examined in detail to resolve the apparent discrepancy in sediment accumulation rates as determined by geochemical and geophysical methods. Sampling and analysis, guided by Xradiography, show z"Pb homogeneous in the top 2-4 cm, then decreasing quasi-exponentially to zero at 15 4~ cm. BeloW l_cm, excess 210 PbandexcessZn, Cu, and Pb are found only in identifiable burrow fillings, indicating that burrowing infauna act as an important mechanism for transferring surficial material to depth in sediments. In areas of slow sediment accumulation, a low rate of bioturbation below the surficial zone of rapid mixing causes an increase of at least a factor of two in the apparent accumulation rate. Department of Geology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, N.C. 27514, U.S.A. (bwt) 79:5949 Jeng, Woei-Lih, 1978. Hydrocarbons in the surface sediments of northern Taiwan Strait. Aeta oceanogr. Taiwan., 8: 80-86. Twenty-two sediment samples have been analyzed for aliphatic and aromatic concentrations, the distribution of n-alkanes, correlations between sediment type and hydrocarbon content, and possible sources of input. Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China. (rio) 79:5950 Karelskaya, A. G. and I. Ya. Agarova, 1979. Seasonal variability of some hydrological-hydrochemical parameters in the interstitial water of the Barents Sea littoral sediment. (In Russian: English abstract.) Okeanologiia, 19(2): 250-257. Interstitial waters from the oxidized surface laver of sediment taken from three different tidal marshes were sampled monthly and analyzed for several parameters (nutrients, salinity, temperature). These parameters vary with season and bottom type and this variability is discussed. (bwt) 79:5951 Moore, R. M., J. D. Burton, P. J. leB. Williams and M. L. Young, 1979. The behaviour of dissolved organic material, iron and manganese in estuarine