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Effects of Ibuprofen on mice heart tissue: A histological study
Abstracts / Journal of the Anatomical Society of India 66S (2017) S1–S78
167 Effects of Ibuprofen on mice heart tissue: A histological study S.S. Talhar ∗ , B.R. Sontakke, J.E. Waghmare, A.M. Tarnekar, M.R. Shende MGIMS, Sevagram, Maharashtra, India Background: Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug used widely to provide analgesic, antipyretic and antiinflammatory effects. Adverse effects of Ibuprofen on gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, liver are well documented. The present study was carried out with the aim to investigate the effect of Ibuprofen on mice heart tissue. Materials and methods: We used fifty adult Swiss albino mice for the experimental purpose. These mice were divided into two groups as 25 controls and 25 experimental. Control group was treated with distilled water whereas experimental group was treated with Ibuprofen suspension given orally in the dose of 40 mg/kg of body weight for 6 weeks. After that mice were sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Following careful dissection of mice, heart were removed and fixed in 10% formal saline. After routine histological procedures, paraffin blocks were prepared, sectioned and stained with haemotoxylin and eosin and examined histologically. Results: There occurred significant loss of body weight in experimental mice as compared to controls. Increased weight of heart was observed in experimental mice. Diameter of cardiac myocyte in experimental mice was found to be significantly increased than that of the control mice. Conclusion: Ibuprofen is most widely administered NSAID in painful disorders. Its use should minimal and in low dose in patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disorders because of its association with cardiovascular events. Conflicts of interest The authors have none to declare. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasi.2017.08.174 168 Light induced outer retinal degeneration and its consequences in inner retina C.L. Gupta ∗ , V. Polisetty, K.A. Jha, T.C. Nag AIIMS, New Delhi, India Introduction: Constant white light causes damage to photoreceptor cells in rodent and chick retina. However, it is unknown if inner retinal cells alter simultaneously in this event. We examined the effects of moderate light intensity on inner retinal organization in rats. Materials and methods: After an initial acclimatization at 300 lx for 7 days in a 12 h light:12 h dark cycle (12L:12D), rats were exposed to 3000 lx at 12L:12D for 7 days, followed by exposure at 24L:0D (constant light) for 2 days and then brought to initial intensity of 300 lx. They were sacrificed at day 1, 4, 9 and 15 to see the mode of recovery at different time intervals. After eyeball processing, retinal morphology was studied by light and transmission electron microscopy. Expression of protein kinase C-alpha, recoverin, LXR-alpha, beta and Iba-1 proteins were assessed by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Results: Rearing in 24L:0D condition caused thinning of the retina, disarray of photoreceptor outer segment discs, death of
S55
photoreceptor cells and significant alteration in the morphology of inner nuclear layer cells (bipolar and horizontal cells). Microglial migration from the optic nerve to different retinal layers was clearly seen till 9th day of damage, after which their number in the retina declined. Expression of PKC-alpha and recoverin in rod- and cone bipolar cells, respectively, increased significantly during the recovery phase as compared to that in baseline level. Conclusions: Our data indicate that the damage to the outer retina initiates significant ultrastructural alterations in the inner nuclear cells. During recovery, certain proteins of bipolar cells upregulate in an attempt to maintain the compromised retinal circuitry. Conflicts of interest The authors have none to declare. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasi.2017.08.175 169 Effect of gestational diabetes on morphological features of human placentae and birth weight of newborn with its clinical relevance Pankaj Saini ∗ , G.C. Agarwal JNU Institute for Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Jaipur, India Background: The placenta being the bridge between maternal and foetal activities, considered as a window through which maternal dysfunctions and their impacts on foetal wellbeing can be understood. When pregnancy is complicated by a medical problem like, diabetes mellitus which affects maternal health, may also affect the architecture and functions of the placenta. Therefore, placental examination is of critical value in gathering knowledge about aetiologies, outcome and management of the pathological processes affecting pregnancy. Material and methods: A prospective case control study was undertaken from April 2012 to September 2014 in S. M. S. Medical College and Attached Group of Hospital, Jaipur. After obtaining approval from institutional ethics committee a total of 40 pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus and equal control were taken. Serial sampling technique was used to obtain sample size. The placentae were collected soon after delivery and examined for morphological characteristics. Birth weight of newborn was taken within 24 h. Results were analysed using 2 test, Z-test and correlation coefficient. Results: In this study, gestational diabetes showed no effect on shape and site of insertion of umbilical cord in normal and diabetic placentae whereas significant increase (p < 0.05) was observed in placental weight, number of cotyledons, central thickness, placental diameter and surface area. Birth weight of newborn was also significantly high (p < 0.05) in gestational diabetic group. When correlation was applied, it was found that placental weight, number of cotyledons, diameter and surface area of placenta were positively correlated, while central thickness of placenta was negatively correlated with birth weight of newborn in control and diabetic groups. Conclusion: In this study, significant changes in the morphological features had been observed between normal and gestational diabetic placentae that revealed that good glycaemic control is necessary to maintain the normal architecture of placentae and optimum birth weight of newborn.
167 Effects of Ibuprofen on mice heart tissue: A histological study S.S. Talhar ∗ , B.R. Sontakke, J.E. Waghmare, A.M. Tarnekar, M.R. Shende MGIMS, Sevagram, Maharashtra, India Background: Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug used widely to provide analgesic, antipyretic and antiinflammatory effects. Adverse effects of Ibuprofen on gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, liver are well documented. The present study was carried out with the aim to investigate the effect of Ibuprofen on mice heart tissue. Materials and methods: We used fifty adult Swiss albino mice for the experimental purpose. These mice were divided into two groups as 25 controls and 25 experimental. Control group was treated with distilled water whereas experimental group was treated with Ibuprofen suspension given orally in the dose of 40 mg/kg of body weight for 6 weeks. After that mice were sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Following careful dissection of mice, heart were removed and fixed in 10% formal saline. After routine histological procedures, paraffin blocks were prepared, sectioned and stained with haemotoxylin and eosin and examined histologically. Results: There occurred significant loss of body weight in experimental mice as compared to controls. Increased weight of heart was observed in experimental mice. Diameter of cardiac myocyte in experimental mice was found to be significantly increased than that of the control mice. Conclusion: Ibuprofen is most widely administered NSAID in painful disorders. Its use should minimal and in low dose in patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disorders because of its association with cardiovascular events. Conflicts of interest The authors have none to declare. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasi.2017.08.174 168 Light induced outer retinal degeneration and its consequences in inner retina C.L. Gupta ∗ , V. Polisetty, K.A. Jha, T.C. Nag AIIMS, New Delhi, India Introduction: Constant white light causes damage to photoreceptor cells in rodent and chick retina. However, it is unknown if inner retinal cells alter simultaneously in this event. We examined the effects of moderate light intensity on inner retinal organization in rats. Materials and methods: After an initial acclimatization at 300 lx for 7 days in a 12 h light:12 h dark cycle (12L:12D), rats were exposed to 3000 lx at 12L:12D for 7 days, followed by exposure at 24L:0D (constant light) for 2 days and then brought to initial intensity of 300 lx. They were sacrificed at day 1, 4, 9 and 15 to see the mode of recovery at different time intervals. After eyeball processing, retinal morphology was studied by light and transmission electron microscopy. Expression of protein kinase C-alpha, recoverin, LXR-alpha, beta and Iba-1 proteins were assessed by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Results: Rearing in 24L:0D condition caused thinning of the retina, disarray of photoreceptor outer segment discs, death of
S55
photoreceptor cells and significant alteration in the morphology of inner nuclear layer cells (bipolar and horizontal cells). Microglial migration from the optic nerve to different retinal layers was clearly seen till 9th day of damage, after which their number in the retina declined. Expression of PKC-alpha and recoverin in rod- and cone bipolar cells, respectively, increased significantly during the recovery phase as compared to that in baseline level. Conclusions: Our data indicate that the damage to the outer retina initiates significant ultrastructural alterations in the inner nuclear cells. During recovery, certain proteins of bipolar cells upregulate in an attempt to maintain the compromised retinal circuitry. Conflicts of interest The authors have none to declare. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasi.2017.08.175 169 Effect of gestational diabetes on morphological features of human placentae and birth weight of newborn with its clinical relevance Pankaj Saini ∗ , G.C. Agarwal JNU Institute for Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Jaipur, India Background: The placenta being the bridge between maternal and foetal activities, considered as a window through which maternal dysfunctions and their impacts on foetal wellbeing can be understood. When pregnancy is complicated by a medical problem like, diabetes mellitus which affects maternal health, may also affect the architecture and functions of the placenta. Therefore, placental examination is of critical value in gathering knowledge about aetiologies, outcome and management of the pathological processes affecting pregnancy. Material and methods: A prospective case control study was undertaken from April 2012 to September 2014 in S. M. S. Medical College and Attached Group of Hospital, Jaipur. After obtaining approval from institutional ethics committee a total of 40 pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus and equal control were taken. Serial sampling technique was used to obtain sample size. The placentae were collected soon after delivery and examined for morphological characteristics. Birth weight of newborn was taken within 24 h. Results were analysed using 2 test, Z-test and correlation coefficient. Results: In this study, gestational diabetes showed no effect on shape and site of insertion of umbilical cord in normal and diabetic placentae whereas significant increase (p < 0.05) was observed in placental weight, number of cotyledons, central thickness, placental diameter and surface area. Birth weight of newborn was also significantly high (p < 0.05) in gestational diabetic group. When correlation was applied, it was found that placental weight, number of cotyledons, diameter and surface area of placenta were positively correlated, while central thickness of placenta was negatively correlated with birth weight of newborn in control and diabetic groups. Conclusion: In this study, significant changes in the morphological features had been observed between normal and gestational diabetic placentae that revealed that good glycaemic control is necessary to maintain the normal architecture of placentae and optimum birth weight of newborn.