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Effects of permeability and loading rate on the dynamic stiffness of saturated soil
163A 933187
Effect~ of lamaut~ity ~ 1 1 0 n d i ~ rate on tl~ e'ynmic of saturated soil K azama, M; Nogami, T
Pro¢ lmternatiomd Conference oR Geoteelmical for Coastal Deeelopmem, GEO-COAST'91, Yokakama, 3-6 September 1991 1'459-462.Publ Japan: Coastal Development Institute of Technology, 1991 Extension is presented to earlier work which examined the dynamic stiffness of a layered ground or half space using thin layer elements, in which only the solid phase was considered. The saturated soil is dealt with using the generalized formulation of Biot theory. Effects of the drainage condition (permeability) and loading rate (frequency) on dynamic stiffness are evaluated. Results are compared to those for a dry soil.
under liquefaction conditions were examined. An empirical means to predict liquefaction potential using results of CFTs was also developed. 933191 Evaluation of ilquefaction susceptibility Ansal, A M
Proc Fifth IntermUiomd Conference on Soil Dymunics and F.artlulm~e F.~ff~eriq, Karlsr~e, 23-26 September 1991 P303-312. Publ Southampton: Computational Mechanics Publications, 1991
Prevost, J H; Keane, C M; Obho, N; Kayashi, K
Liquefaction susceptibility at a site in Western Anatolia with silty sand and sandy silt layers has been investigated. Peak seismic events for various return times were assessed and site response analysis carried out. A parametric study using seven semi-empirical methods based on SPT N count and grain size distribution gave large scatter in results but suggested only marginal liquefaction susceptibility. Cyclic simple shear tests support this conclusion. Pile foundations will be suitable for factory buildings at this site.
Pro¢ F~fli~laternational Conferemce on Soil Dynamics and Eart~ake Ea~Jeeriq, Karlsmke, 23-26 September 1991 P263-276. Publ Southampton: Computational Mechanics Publications, 1991
933192 Post initial liquefaction behavionr of soils Talagonov, K
933188
Validation of precednres for analysis of Ikleefaetion of sandy soil depmits
The one dimensional finite element code DYNAID is presented for seismic site response analysis. It is based on three dimensional multi-surface plasticity theory, and required material parameters can be obtained from standard laboratory tests. The procedure and its validation are illustrated. DYNAID is first used in simulation of liquefaction tests cartied out on a shaking table. Finally, it is used to simulate the Superstition Hills (California) earthquake of 1987. Computed and recorded excess pore pressures are compared and discussed. 933189 Llqwfactim of sands under u a d r a b ~ and non-uadralned conditions Chn, J
Proe F~it lmer~'ionai Coafereaee on Soil Dy~mies and Eutkqm~e F~giaeeriq, Karlsml~, 23-26 September 1991 P277-291. Publ Southampton: Computational Mechanics Publications, 1991 Liquefaction studies for granular materials under drained conditions are summarized and the influence of initial effective confining StresS on flow strength is emphasised. This results in dependence of the steady state line on both void ratio and initial effective stress. A new procedure for interpretation of undrained tests is proposed to consider these influences. A type of liquefaction which can occur under non-undrained conditions is then examined. Laboratory tests show liquefaction of dense (dilative) sands is possible under non-undrained conditions at stress states well below that for static failure, 933190 C"uaracteri~es of Bqmfaction of silt soft Fei, H C
Pro¢ F~it Immmtional Conference oR Soil Dynamics mul Eartlquake Emgbwerl~, Karlsr~e, 23-26 September 1991 P293-302. Publ Southampton: Computational Mechanics Publications, 1991 The Tangshan earthquake of July 1976 caused extensive d~mage to the city of Tianjin, primarily as a result of liquefaction of silt soils. To characterise the dynamic properties of Chinese silts, dynamic triaxial shear tests were carried out. Effects of fines content on liquefaction potential and residual strength
Proc Fiflit latermm'mud Conference on Soil Dynamics and Eartluluke EHgiaeeri~, Karlsruke, 23-26 September 1991 P313-324. Publ Southampton: Computational Mechanics Publications, 1991 Cyclic stress tests, conventionally used to study liquefaction in the laboratory, are limited to investigation only until the occurrence of initial liquefaction. Cyclic strain tests, however, allow study of both pre- and post-initial liquefaction stages. Dynamic strain tests on sands are described. On the basis of the test results, constitutive laws are developed for pore pressure buildup, shear stress decrease, and transformation of the shear stress-shear strain relation. Post-initial liquefaction behaviour is seen to be an important part of the liquefaction phenomenon. 933193 Conntermeamres agalmt the permanent ground dl~dlac~ment due to Iklmfaction Yasuda, S; Nagase, H; Kiku, H; Uchida, Y
Proc Fifth latermltiomd Comference on Soil Dynamics and Eartluptake Eqi~eri~, Karbruke, 23-26 September 1991 P341-350. Publ Southampton: Computational Mechanics Publications, 1991 Permanent ground displacements due to earthquakes in Japan can be large, up to several meters. To prevent this, countermeasures against permanent displacement due to liquefaction were studied using shaking table tests and numerical analysis. Rows of sand or steel piles, a continuous underground concrete or steel wall, or a wall of compacted materials were the chosen measures. In all cases, displacement of some area close to the countermeasure was decreased. The continuous wall was the most effective measure. Maximum effectiveness in all cases requires the countermeasure to reach through the bottom of the liquefied layer. 933194 F_J~tic wave propeption in compoeite media Lamb, W J; Zhu, X; McMechan, G A; Greenberg, M L; Castagna, J P
Geopkysies V57, N9, Sept 1992, P1155-1165 The effective medium theory of Kuster and Toksoz (1974) can be used to predict elastic response of a composite medium provided properties of each constituent are known. A
© 1993 Pergamon Press Ltd. Reproduction not permitted RMMS 30/3--L
Effect~ of lamaut~ity ~ 1 1 0 n d i ~ rate on tl~ e'ynmic of saturated soil K azama, M; Nogami, T
Pro¢ lmternatiomd Conference oR Geoteelmical for Coastal Deeelopmem, GEO-COAST'91, Yokakama, 3-6 September 1991 1'459-462.Publ Japan: Coastal Development Institute of Technology, 1991 Extension is presented to earlier work which examined the dynamic stiffness of a layered ground or half space using thin layer elements, in which only the solid phase was considered. The saturated soil is dealt with using the generalized formulation of Biot theory. Effects of the drainage condition (permeability) and loading rate (frequency) on dynamic stiffness are evaluated. Results are compared to those for a dry soil.
under liquefaction conditions were examined. An empirical means to predict liquefaction potential using results of CFTs was also developed. 933191 Evaluation of ilquefaction susceptibility Ansal, A M
Proc Fifth IntermUiomd Conference on Soil Dymunics and F.artlulm~e F.~ff~eriq, Karlsr~e, 23-26 September 1991 P303-312. Publ Southampton: Computational Mechanics Publications, 1991
Prevost, J H; Keane, C M; Obho, N; Kayashi, K
Liquefaction susceptibility at a site in Western Anatolia with silty sand and sandy silt layers has been investigated. Peak seismic events for various return times were assessed and site response analysis carried out. A parametric study using seven semi-empirical methods based on SPT N count and grain size distribution gave large scatter in results but suggested only marginal liquefaction susceptibility. Cyclic simple shear tests support this conclusion. Pile foundations will be suitable for factory buildings at this site.
Pro¢ F~fli~laternational Conferemce on Soil Dynamics and Eart~ake Ea~Jeeriq, Karlsmke, 23-26 September 1991 P263-276. Publ Southampton: Computational Mechanics Publications, 1991
933192 Post initial liquefaction behavionr of soils Talagonov, K
933188
Validation of precednres for analysis of Ikleefaetion of sandy soil depmits
The one dimensional finite element code DYNAID is presented for seismic site response analysis. It is based on three dimensional multi-surface plasticity theory, and required material parameters can be obtained from standard laboratory tests. The procedure and its validation are illustrated. DYNAID is first used in simulation of liquefaction tests cartied out on a shaking table. Finally, it is used to simulate the Superstition Hills (California) earthquake of 1987. Computed and recorded excess pore pressures are compared and discussed. 933189 Llqwfactim of sands under u a d r a b ~ and non-uadralned conditions Chn, J
Proe F~it lmer~'ionai Coafereaee on Soil Dy~mies and Eutkqm~e F~giaeeriq, Karlsml~, 23-26 September 1991 P277-291. Publ Southampton: Computational Mechanics Publications, 1991 Liquefaction studies for granular materials under drained conditions are summarized and the influence of initial effective confining StresS on flow strength is emphasised. This results in dependence of the steady state line on both void ratio and initial effective stress. A new procedure for interpretation of undrained tests is proposed to consider these influences. A type of liquefaction which can occur under non-undrained conditions is then examined. Laboratory tests show liquefaction of dense (dilative) sands is possible under non-undrained conditions at stress states well below that for static failure, 933190 C"uaracteri~es of Bqmfaction of silt soft Fei, H C
Pro¢ F~it Immmtional Conference oR Soil Dynamics mul Eartlquake Emgbwerl~, Karlsr~e, 23-26 September 1991 P293-302. Publ Southampton: Computational Mechanics Publications, 1991 The Tangshan earthquake of July 1976 caused extensive d~mage to the city of Tianjin, primarily as a result of liquefaction of silt soils. To characterise the dynamic properties of Chinese silts, dynamic triaxial shear tests were carried out. Effects of fines content on liquefaction potential and residual strength
Proc Fiflit latermm'mud Conference on Soil Dynamics and Eartluluke EHgiaeeri~, Karlsruke, 23-26 September 1991 P313-324. Publ Southampton: Computational Mechanics Publications, 1991 Cyclic stress tests, conventionally used to study liquefaction in the laboratory, are limited to investigation only until the occurrence of initial liquefaction. Cyclic strain tests, however, allow study of both pre- and post-initial liquefaction stages. Dynamic strain tests on sands are described. On the basis of the test results, constitutive laws are developed for pore pressure buildup, shear stress decrease, and transformation of the shear stress-shear strain relation. Post-initial liquefaction behaviour is seen to be an important part of the liquefaction phenomenon. 933193 Conntermeamres agalmt the permanent ground dl~dlac~ment due to Iklmfaction Yasuda, S; Nagase, H; Kiku, H; Uchida, Y
Proc Fifth latermltiomd Comference on Soil Dynamics and Eartluptake Eqi~eri~, Karbruke, 23-26 September 1991 P341-350. Publ Southampton: Computational Mechanics Publications, 1991 Permanent ground displacements due to earthquakes in Japan can be large, up to several meters. To prevent this, countermeasures against permanent displacement due to liquefaction were studied using shaking table tests and numerical analysis. Rows of sand or steel piles, a continuous underground concrete or steel wall, or a wall of compacted materials were the chosen measures. In all cases, displacement of some area close to the countermeasure was decreased. The continuous wall was the most effective measure. Maximum effectiveness in all cases requires the countermeasure to reach through the bottom of the liquefied layer. 933194 F_J~tic wave propeption in compoeite media Lamb, W J; Zhu, X; McMechan, G A; Greenberg, M L; Castagna, J P
Geopkysies V57, N9, Sept 1992, P1155-1165 The effective medium theory of Kuster and Toksoz (1974) can be used to predict elastic response of a composite medium provided properties of each constituent are known. A
© 1993 Pergamon Press Ltd. Reproduction not permitted RMMS 30/3--L