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Effects of the D3 preferring dopamine agonist premipexole on sleep and waking, locomotor activity and striatum dopamine release in rats
234S
189-51
1991;42:1S-297S
The effects of different doses of ethanol on the circadian rhythms of locomotor activity In rats
H. Egaml, S. Tsujimaru. H. Mukasa, H. Fukuyama. H. Maeda Department of Neuropsychiatry Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka. Japan The present study was undertaken to examine the effects of ethanol (1 glkg or 3 glkg) on the circadian rhythms of locomotor activity in blinded rats. Locomotor activity was measured by running wheel activity cages. The animals wera exposed to acute lP treatmant with ethanol (1 glkg or 3 glkg) at 8 circadian time (Cn points. A dose of 3 g ethanol/kg produced maximum phase advance at CT11 and maximum phase delay at CT21 , but 1 g ethanol/kg produced an effect In the opposite direction. These results indicate that phase response curves for these two doses are mirror Images. The phase response curves (PRCs) of 1 g ethanol/kg are similar to those of light pulses and 3 g ethanoVkg are similar to those of dark pulses. Free-running periods were prolonged significantly after treatmant with both ethanol doses. These results suggest that higher and lower ethanol doses produce opposite phase-shifts In the circadian rhythms of locomotor activity and the direction Is dependent upon CT when the ethanol is given.
189-61
Successful treatment of non-24-hour sleep-wake syndrome with melatonin
T. Kitajlma, S. Tomita, T. Hayakawa. Y. Kayukawa, T. Ohta. Department of Psychiatry. Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan We report a case 01 35-year-old sighted male with non-24-hour sleep-wake syndrome. He had been treated with phototherapy, vitamin B12 and/or triazolam for several years, but the effect was not enough to be rehabilitated to his occupational life. At the ear1y stage of this trial, he was conducted to sleep whenever he felt sleepy without any treatment for 19 days. His sleep phase gradually delayed and reached to sleep onset In the earty aftemoon. Just at that time melatonin was administered 3 mg a day, and the sleep phase rapidly advanced and fixed at the more desirable time for 14 days. The polysornnographlc findings showed no remarkable change after the melatonin administration, but rtlythms of plasma melatonin and core tempereture were synchroniZed with his sleep phase. During the following 10 days when the placebo control study was Induced with double blind method. his sleep phase signifICantly delayed compared with the phase under the melatonin administration. His sleep phase was advanced and stabilized for the following 3 months under the treatment with 5 mg melatonin combined with vitamin B12 and zopiclone. Finally he succeeded to come back to his regUlar office work. This result suggested the effectiveness of melatonin on non-24-hour sleep-wake syndrome, and the role of melatonin seemed to be soporific agent.
189-71
Biological psychiatry IT
BIOL. PSYCHIATRY
Effects of the D3 preferring dopamine agonist pramlpexole on sleep and waking, locomotor activity and striatum dopamine release In rats
J.M. Monti, P. Lagos. C. Scorza, H. Jantos. M. Reyes. R. Silveira Institute 01 Biological Sciences and Clinics Hospital, Montevideo, Uruguay The Ca preferring DA agonist pramlpexole showed dose-dependent effects on sleep variables and locomotor activity In rats. The 0.030 mglkg dose increased slow wave sleep (SWS) and REM sleep and reduced wakefulness CNl and locomotor activity. In contrast, W and spontaneous activity were Increased while SWS and REM sleep were decreased after the 0.50 mglkg dose. Pramlpexole did not significantly affect striatum DA. DOPAC or HVA. The mixed 02' and 03 receptor antagonist YM-00151·2 prevented the effect
of 0.50 mglkg pramipexole on sleep variables. It Is tentatively suggested that presynaptic Ca· and postsynaptic 02 receptor could be Involved In pramipexole effects on sleep variables and locomotor actiVity.
\89-81
Modulation of lymphocyte peripheral benzodlazeplne receptors In patients with hyperthyroidism
M. Giubertonl. V. Fonzo. A. Balsamo 1 , G. Gallone' • A. Grassl' • P. Rocca. L RavIzza Department of Neuroscience. Psychiatric Clinic, University of Turin, Italy. , Endocrinology Division. Mauriziano Hospital, TUrin, Italy Peripheral benzodlazeplne receptors (PBR) are sensitive to hormonal changes and stress. The aim of our study was to evaluate the status of pBR In patients with hyperthyroidism and the potential relationship between pBR and anxiety. Methods: 14 patients (mean age 47.5 :t: 13.5 yrs.) were recruited and their pBR status was evaluated at two different times: 1) at the maximum of hyperthyroid condition 2) when both clinical and laboratory parameters were normalised. Ten healthy subjects were the control group. At each time patients were assessed with the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale. the Montgomery and Asberg Depression Rating Scale and the Spielberger State and Trait Anxiety Inventories. Kinetic properties of pBR were measured using 3H-PK 11195 as a ligand. Results: If compared with healthy controls hyperthyroid subjects showed a significant Increase both of the density (Bmax pmoVmg protein: 10.2 ::I: 1.3 vs 2.7 ::I: 0.2) and of the affinity (Kd nM: 38.0 :t: 4.8 vs 6.9::1: 1.6) of the binding sites. After antithyroid treatment we observed 8 retum of both parameters to the control values. Displacement experiments showed that thyrold hormones (L·T3, D-T4, L·T4) up to 104 M falled to inhibit 3H·PK 11195 binding. The modulation of pBR observed during hyperthyroidism could reflect a compensatory mechanism to a state of hypermetabolism, anxiety and stress.
189-9 1 Atypical lymphocytes In late phase activation of psychiatric patients M. Kokal. K. Ohara, Y. Morita. N. Hatotanl l . Dept. of Neuropsychiatry. Hyogo College of Medicine, Nlshlnomlya, Japan, ' Minakuchi Hospital, Shiga, Japan this study Is to Investigate the frequency and Immunophenotype of blast-type atypical lymphocytes (BTAL) found In psychiatric patients. Methods: Peripheral blood was taken and mononuclear cells were isolated from 24 schizophrenic patients. 16 patients with mood disorders and 14 healthy controls. By the use of phase-contrast microscopy combined with a fluorescent system, BTAL and their surface antigens were Identified In the sample stained with a panel of fluorescence conjugated MoAbs. Results: A significantly higher number of BTAL was found In the group of schizophrenic patients compared with those In healthy control SUbjects and mood disorder patients, and also found between the mood disorder patients and the healthy control subjects, but not between the schizophrenic patients treated with and without neuroleptic medication. BTAL were shown to consist of B. T. and nonBnonT cell popUlations. On the surfaces of BTAL, the late activation antigens 01 HLA·DR and CD38 were expressed (>70%). while the ear1y one of CD25 was rarely found «0.3%). Conclu8lons: These results may Indicate that certain populations of circulating lymphocytes In some psychiatric patients could be In the late phase of the activation process and that some chronic stimulation to their Immune systems consistently existed.
189-51
1991;42:1S-297S
The effects of different doses of ethanol on the circadian rhythms of locomotor activity In rats
H. Egaml, S. Tsujimaru. H. Mukasa, H. Fukuyama. H. Maeda Department of Neuropsychiatry Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka. Japan The present study was undertaken to examine the effects of ethanol (1 glkg or 3 glkg) on the circadian rhythms of locomotor activity in blinded rats. Locomotor activity was measured by running wheel activity cages. The animals wera exposed to acute lP treatmant with ethanol (1 glkg or 3 glkg) at 8 circadian time (Cn points. A dose of 3 g ethanol/kg produced maximum phase advance at CT11 and maximum phase delay at CT21 , but 1 g ethanol/kg produced an effect In the opposite direction. These results indicate that phase response curves for these two doses are mirror Images. The phase response curves (PRCs) of 1 g ethanol/kg are similar to those of light pulses and 3 g ethanoVkg are similar to those of dark pulses. Free-running periods were prolonged significantly after treatmant with both ethanol doses. These results suggest that higher and lower ethanol doses produce opposite phase-shifts In the circadian rhythms of locomotor activity and the direction Is dependent upon CT when the ethanol is given.
189-61
Successful treatment of non-24-hour sleep-wake syndrome with melatonin
T. Kitajlma, S. Tomita, T. Hayakawa. Y. Kayukawa, T. Ohta. Department of Psychiatry. Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan We report a case 01 35-year-old sighted male with non-24-hour sleep-wake syndrome. He had been treated with phototherapy, vitamin B12 and/or triazolam for several years, but the effect was not enough to be rehabilitated to his occupational life. At the ear1y stage of this trial, he was conducted to sleep whenever he felt sleepy without any treatment for 19 days. His sleep phase gradually delayed and reached to sleep onset In the earty aftemoon. Just at that time melatonin was administered 3 mg a day, and the sleep phase rapidly advanced and fixed at the more desirable time for 14 days. The polysornnographlc findings showed no remarkable change after the melatonin administration, but rtlythms of plasma melatonin and core tempereture were synchroniZed with his sleep phase. During the following 10 days when the placebo control study was Induced with double blind method. his sleep phase signifICantly delayed compared with the phase under the melatonin administration. His sleep phase was advanced and stabilized for the following 3 months under the treatment with 5 mg melatonin combined with vitamin B12 and zopiclone. Finally he succeeded to come back to his regUlar office work. This result suggested the effectiveness of melatonin on non-24-hour sleep-wake syndrome, and the role of melatonin seemed to be soporific agent.
189-71
Biological psychiatry IT
BIOL. PSYCHIATRY
Effects of the D3 preferring dopamine agonist pramlpexole on sleep and waking, locomotor activity and striatum dopamine release In rats
J.M. Monti, P. Lagos. C. Scorza, H. Jantos. M. Reyes. R. Silveira Institute 01 Biological Sciences and Clinics Hospital, Montevideo, Uruguay The Ca preferring DA agonist pramlpexole showed dose-dependent effects on sleep variables and locomotor activity In rats. The 0.030 mglkg dose increased slow wave sleep (SWS) and REM sleep and reduced wakefulness CNl and locomotor activity. In contrast, W and spontaneous activity were Increased while SWS and REM sleep were decreased after the 0.50 mglkg dose. Pramlpexole did not significantly affect striatum DA. DOPAC or HVA. The mixed 02' and 03 receptor antagonist YM-00151·2 prevented the effect
of 0.50 mglkg pramipexole on sleep variables. It Is tentatively suggested that presynaptic Ca· and postsynaptic 02 receptor could be Involved In pramipexole effects on sleep variables and locomotor actiVity.
\89-81
Modulation of lymphocyte peripheral benzodlazeplne receptors In patients with hyperthyroidism
M. Giubertonl. V. Fonzo. A. Balsamo 1 , G. Gallone' • A. Grassl' • P. Rocca. L RavIzza Department of Neuroscience. Psychiatric Clinic, University of Turin, Italy. , Endocrinology Division. Mauriziano Hospital, TUrin, Italy Peripheral benzodlazeplne receptors (PBR) are sensitive to hormonal changes and stress. The aim of our study was to evaluate the status of pBR In patients with hyperthyroidism and the potential relationship between pBR and anxiety. Methods: 14 patients (mean age 47.5 :t: 13.5 yrs.) were recruited and their pBR status was evaluated at two different times: 1) at the maximum of hyperthyroid condition 2) when both clinical and laboratory parameters were normalised. Ten healthy subjects were the control group. At each time patients were assessed with the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale. the Montgomery and Asberg Depression Rating Scale and the Spielberger State and Trait Anxiety Inventories. Kinetic properties of pBR were measured using 3H-PK 11195 as a ligand. Results: If compared with healthy controls hyperthyroid subjects showed a significant Increase both of the density (Bmax pmoVmg protein: 10.2 ::I: 1.3 vs 2.7 ::I: 0.2) and of the affinity (Kd nM: 38.0 :t: 4.8 vs 6.9::1: 1.6) of the binding sites. After antithyroid treatment we observed 8 retum of both parameters to the control values. Displacement experiments showed that thyrold hormones (L·T3, D-T4, L·T4) up to 104 M falled to inhibit 3H·PK 11195 binding. The modulation of pBR observed during hyperthyroidism could reflect a compensatory mechanism to a state of hypermetabolism, anxiety and stress.
189-9 1 Atypical lymphocytes In late phase activation of psychiatric patients M. Kokal. K. Ohara, Y. Morita. N. Hatotanl l . Dept. of Neuropsychiatry. Hyogo College of Medicine, Nlshlnomlya, Japan, ' Minakuchi Hospital, Shiga, Japan this study Is to Investigate the frequency and Immunophenotype of blast-type atypical lymphocytes (BTAL) found In psychiatric patients. Methods: Peripheral blood was taken and mononuclear cells were isolated from 24 schizophrenic patients. 16 patients with mood disorders and 14 healthy controls. By the use of phase-contrast microscopy combined with a fluorescent system, BTAL and their surface antigens were Identified In the sample stained with a panel of fluorescence conjugated MoAbs. Results: A significantly higher number of BTAL was found In the group of schizophrenic patients compared with those In healthy control SUbjects and mood disorder patients, and also found between the mood disorder patients and the healthy control subjects, but not between the schizophrenic patients treated with and without neuroleptic medication. BTAL were shown to consist of B. T. and nonBnonT cell popUlations. On the surfaces of BTAL, the late activation antigens 01 HLA·DR and CD38 were expressed (>70%). while the ear1y one of CD25 was rarely found «0.3%). Conclu8lons: These results may Indicate that certain populations of circulating lymphocytes In some psychiatric patients could be In the late phase of the activation process and that some chronic stimulation to their Immune systems consistently existed.