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Electrical Stimulation of the Antagonist Muscle Added to Ergometer Training Improves Oxygen Uptake and Muscle Strength
Research Posters Interventions: They underwent brain MRI within 2wks after onset and videofluoroscopic swallowing study 1 month after onset. Main Outcome Measure(s): Voxel based lesion-symptom brain mapping (VLSM) using Functional dysphagia scale measured by Video fluoroscopic swallowing study. Results: Post stroke dysphagia measured by functional dysphagia scale 1month after onset showed positive correlation with deep gray matter injury (basal ganglia and thalamus). Conclusions: Post stroke dysphagia after 1 month correlated with deep gray matter injury. Key Words: Dysphagia, Stroke, Brain mapping Disclosures: None disclosed. Research Poster 398 Electrical Stimulation of the Antagonist Muscle Added to Ergometer Training Improves Oxygen Uptake and Muscle Strength Ryuki Hashida (Kurume University), Hiroo Matsuse, Masayuki Omoto, Natsuko Shinozaki, Takeshi Nago, Yoshio Takano, Naoto Shiba Research Objectives: The hybrid training system (HTS) is a resistance exercise method that combines voluntary concentric muscle contractions and electrically stimulated eccentric muscle contractions. We have devised a new exercise technique that combines aerobic and resistance exercise simultaneously using HTS during cycle ergometer exercise (HER).The purpose of this study is to compare cardiorespiratory function and muscle strength when cycling exercise is combined with electrical stimulation over an extended period. Design: Non-randomized controlled study. Setting: Rural and suburban communities. Participants: Twenty-seven healthy young men (aged 21.31.26 yr) volunteered to participate. They were divided into two groups consisting of an HER group (nZ14) and a VER group (a volitional cycle ergometer alone) (nZ15). Interventions: All the subjects of both groups performed 30-min cycling exercise interval training sessions 3 times a week for 6 weeks. The exercise intensity was at 60, 70, 80, 90, and 80% of the individual’s peak oxygen uptake, with each set separated by 2-mins at 40% of peak oxygen uptake. The HER group used added electrical stimulation for each interval. Main Outcome Measure(s): Peak oxygen uptake and knee extension strength were assessed before and after the training period. The Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to check changes from the baseline in each training group. The Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to compare the changes from the baseline between the two training groups. Results: In the HER group, peak oxygen uptake increased 21% (p < 0.001) and knee extension torques increased 11% (p < 0.001). Change in the knee extension torque was bigger for the HER group than for the VER group. (p< 0.05). Conclusions: HTS might increase not only cardiorespiratory function capacity but also muscle strength. Key Words: Cycling exercise, electrical stimulation, resistance exercise, eccentric muscle contraction Disclosures: None disclosed. Research Poster 399 Patterns of Exercise Participation in Individuals with Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Andrew Fedor (Mount Sinai Medical Center), Lisa Spielman, Jason Krellman, Kristen Dams-O’Connor, Marcel Dijkers, Wayne Gordon Research Objectives: To determine patterns of exercise participation in a sample of individuals with moderate to severe TBI.
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e57 Design: Secondary analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial. Setting: Academic medical center in an urban city. Participants: 96 individuals who sustained a TBI was recruited and randomized to begin a structured exercise program. Mean age of participants was 49.0 (+/- 11.6) and mean years of education was 14.2 (+/- 2.8). Participants were 51% female, 54% Caucasian, 33% African American. Interventions: Participants were enrolled in an 8-week exercise program of 1 hour of treadmill exercise per day, 3 times per week. During exercise, 70% (+/- 5 Beats per Minute (BPM)) of maximum heart rate was the targeted range for each participant. Main Outcome Measure(s): Main outcome measure was the weekly number of exercise sessions attended (max Z 3). Results: Participants attended 1.6 (+/- 1.2) exercise sessions per week on average. Hierarchical cluster analysis (Ward’s Method, Squared Euclidean distance) revealed 3 clusters of participants labelled as “Maintainer” (NZ37; averaged 2.89 sessions per week), “Early Dropout” (NZ40; averaged 0.37 sessions per week), and “Late Dropout” (NZ19; averaged 1.78 sessions per week). Maintainers demonstrated better baseline cognitive functioning on measures of attention, executive function, and memory than those in the other groups. Conclusions: Analyses revealed 3 clusters of exercise participation in individuals with TBI. Further, only 39% of participants were able to achieve full compliance. These results are considered in the context of a treatment study in which supervised exercise opportunities were provided free of charge and common barriers to participation (e.g. lack of transportation) were removed to maximize study compliance. Key Words: Traumatic brain injury, aerobic exercise, cluster analysis Disclosures: None disclosed.
Research Poster 402 Exploring the Psychosocial Impact of Ekso Bionics Technology Young Susan Cho (NYU School of Medicine), McKay Sohlberg, Joseph Rath, Leonard Diller Research Objectives: To investigate the efficacy of a group treatment protocol called NICE (Noticing you have a problem, Identifying the information you need for help, Compensatory strategies, Evaluating progress) to train helpseeking for adults with acquired brain injury (ABI) when lost Design: Single Subject Multiple Baseline. Setting: Outpatient Rehabilitation Department of University Medical Center. Participants: Individuals with ABI (NZ7; 4 TBI, 2 CVA, 1 Brain Tumor). Interventions: Participants completed the 6-week NICE Group treatment. Main Outcome Measure(s): Social Behavior Rating Scale (Cho & Sohlberg, 2014; 2015) to measure help-seeking, Executive Function RouteFinding Task- Revised (EFRT-R; Cho, Sohlberg & Boyd, 2012) to measure wayfinding, Social Problem Solving Inventory-Revised Short Form (SPSIR:S; D’Zurilla, Nezu & Maydeu-Olivares, 2007) and Problem Solving Inventory (PSI; Heppner & Petersen, 1981) to measure problem solving, The Awareness of Social Inference Test Revised (TASIT-R; Flanagan, McDonald, & Rollins, 2011) to measure social cognition. Results: Data evaluating the efficacy of NICE group treatment are presented for seven adults with ABI. All participants improved on the EFRT-R and help-seeking behaviors when wayfinding. Both the SPSI-R and PSI showed sensitivity to the effects of treatment but no improvement was noted on the TASIT-R social cognition measure. This pattern of improvement and implications for rehabilitation are discussed. Conclusions: Help-seeking is a constitutive factor in the wayfinding process capable of improvement. Preliminary evidence supports further investigation of the NICE group treatment protocol. Key Words: Help-seeking behavior, brain injury, cognition Disclosures: None disclosed.
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e57 Design: Secondary analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial. Setting: Academic medical center in an urban city. Participants: 96 individuals who sustained a TBI was recruited and randomized to begin a structured exercise program. Mean age of participants was 49.0 (+/- 11.6) and mean years of education was 14.2 (+/- 2.8). Participants were 51% female, 54% Caucasian, 33% African American. Interventions: Participants were enrolled in an 8-week exercise program of 1 hour of treadmill exercise per day, 3 times per week. During exercise, 70% (+/- 5 Beats per Minute (BPM)) of maximum heart rate was the targeted range for each participant. Main Outcome Measure(s): Main outcome measure was the weekly number of exercise sessions attended (max Z 3). Results: Participants attended 1.6 (+/- 1.2) exercise sessions per week on average. Hierarchical cluster analysis (Ward’s Method, Squared Euclidean distance) revealed 3 clusters of participants labelled as “Maintainer” (NZ37; averaged 2.89 sessions per week), “Early Dropout” (NZ40; averaged 0.37 sessions per week), and “Late Dropout” (NZ19; averaged 1.78 sessions per week). Maintainers demonstrated better baseline cognitive functioning on measures of attention, executive function, and memory than those in the other groups. Conclusions: Analyses revealed 3 clusters of exercise participation in individuals with TBI. Further, only 39% of participants were able to achieve full compliance. These results are considered in the context of a treatment study in which supervised exercise opportunities were provided free of charge and common barriers to participation (e.g. lack of transportation) were removed to maximize study compliance. Key Words: Traumatic brain injury, aerobic exercise, cluster analysis Disclosures: None disclosed.
Research Poster 402 Exploring the Psychosocial Impact of Ekso Bionics Technology Young Susan Cho (NYU School of Medicine), McKay Sohlberg, Joseph Rath, Leonard Diller Research Objectives: To investigate the efficacy of a group treatment protocol called NICE (Noticing you have a problem, Identifying the information you need for help, Compensatory strategies, Evaluating progress) to train helpseeking for adults with acquired brain injury (ABI) when lost Design: Single Subject Multiple Baseline. Setting: Outpatient Rehabilitation Department of University Medical Center. Participants: Individuals with ABI (NZ7; 4 TBI, 2 CVA, 1 Brain Tumor). Interventions: Participants completed the 6-week NICE Group treatment. Main Outcome Measure(s): Social Behavior Rating Scale (Cho & Sohlberg, 2014; 2015) to measure help-seeking, Executive Function RouteFinding Task- Revised (EFRT-R; Cho, Sohlberg & Boyd, 2012) to measure wayfinding, Social Problem Solving Inventory-Revised Short Form (SPSIR:S; D’Zurilla, Nezu & Maydeu-Olivares, 2007) and Problem Solving Inventory (PSI; Heppner & Petersen, 1981) to measure problem solving, The Awareness of Social Inference Test Revised (TASIT-R; Flanagan, McDonald, & Rollins, 2011) to measure social cognition. Results: Data evaluating the efficacy of NICE group treatment are presented for seven adults with ABI. All participants improved on the EFRT-R and help-seeking behaviors when wayfinding. Both the SPSI-R and PSI showed sensitivity to the effects of treatment but no improvement was noted on the TASIT-R social cognition measure. This pattern of improvement and implications for rehabilitation are discussed. Conclusions: Help-seeking is a constitutive factor in the wayfinding process capable of improvement. Preliminary evidence supports further investigation of the NICE group treatment protocol. Key Words: Help-seeking behavior, brain injury, cognition Disclosures: None disclosed.