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Electrolytic separation of tin
220
Notes a n d Comments :
[J. F. I.,
w h e n to use two or e v e n t h r e e of t h e s e arm s at t he s a m e time. Government Should Giz, e Soldier the Best A r m s . - - E v e r y gove r n m e n t s h o u ld seek to p r o v i d e t h o s e w h o m t h e y send forw a r d to b a t t l e w i t h t h e b e s t possible w e a p o n s for d e f e n s e or for attack. T o fail in this is a c r i m e of t h e first m a g n i t u d e . E s p e c i a l l y is it a c r i m e in a c o u n t r y like ours, w h e r e t h e b e s t blood of t he l and a l w a y s h a s t e n s to t h e c o u n t r y ' s s t a n d a r d w h e n its prestige, s a f e t y or h o n o r is i m p e r i l e d . All g o o d citizens desire peace w i t h all t h e world ; b u t t h e r e is no t r u e r s a y i n g t h a n t h a t to p r e s e r v e p e a c e is to be al w ays p r e p a r e d for war. W e do n o t n e e d and s h o u l d n o t h a v e a l a r g e arm y, b u t t h e a r m y an d n a v y we h a v e s h o u l d be t h e b e s t a r m e d and e q u i p p e d an d i n s t r u c t e d of a n y on e a r t h. E v e r y i n v e n t i o n of w a r w e a p o n s s h o u l d be t h o r o u g h l y t e s t e d b y skilful officers, a nd C o n g r e s s s houl d a p p r o p r i a t e l i b er ally for this purpose, a nd we s h o u l d see to it t h a t no n a t i o n has an a r m a m e n t in a n y r e s p e c t s u p e r i o r to o u r own. E L E C T R O L Y T I C S E P A R A T I O N OF TIN. A curious parallelism is presented between the well-known Hoepfner process for the extraction of copper from its ores and compounds, and a m e t h o d just patented to Paul Bergsoe, of Copenhagen, for the electrolytic recovery of tin from scrap and waste alloys. The H o e p f n e r process, it will be recalled, depends upon the varying valence of copper, and consists in bringing a salt of copper in its h i g h e r state of oxidation into contact with the ore, whereupon copper passes into solution and the solvent is reduced from the cupric to the cuprous condition ; this solution is then electrolyzed with insoluble anodes to deposit one-half of itl metal, restoring the remainder to its original valence and reconstituting the solvent. Bergsoe reacts upon tin-bearing materials with stannic chloride, and subjects the stannous salts formed to electrolytic treatment as above, restoring its valence and solvent power, and recovering an amount of metal equivalent to that dissolved. Both methods are simple, and indeed identical in theory. The Hoepfuer process has encountered in practice the very serious obstacle of a low-reaction velocity--a solvent action so slow as to render its application to the most commonly occurring ores of copper, the sulphides, of doubtful practicability. From this defect the new process is free, for the stannic salts are energetic solvents. The successful t r e a t m e n t of tin scrap, however, has proven in the past a difficult problem, not only on account of its very low tin content, but because of the t e n d e n c y of the iron to pass with the tin into solution. As applied to this purpose, therefore, the industrial value of the new process is yet to be d e m o n s t r a t e d . - Electrical World.
Notes a n d Comments :
[J. F. I.,
w h e n to use two or e v e n t h r e e of t h e s e arm s at t he s a m e time. Government Should Giz, e Soldier the Best A r m s . - - E v e r y gove r n m e n t s h o u ld seek to p r o v i d e t h o s e w h o m t h e y send forw a r d to b a t t l e w i t h t h e b e s t possible w e a p o n s for d e f e n s e or for attack. T o fail in this is a c r i m e of t h e first m a g n i t u d e . E s p e c i a l l y is it a c r i m e in a c o u n t r y like ours, w h e r e t h e b e s t blood of t he l and a l w a y s h a s t e n s to t h e c o u n t r y ' s s t a n d a r d w h e n its prestige, s a f e t y or h o n o r is i m p e r i l e d . All g o o d citizens desire peace w i t h all t h e world ; b u t t h e r e is no t r u e r s a y i n g t h a n t h a t to p r e s e r v e p e a c e is to be al w ays p r e p a r e d for war. W e do n o t n e e d and s h o u l d n o t h a v e a l a r g e arm y, b u t t h e a r m y an d n a v y we h a v e s h o u l d be t h e b e s t a r m e d and e q u i p p e d an d i n s t r u c t e d of a n y on e a r t h. E v e r y i n v e n t i o n of w a r w e a p o n s s h o u l d be t h o r o u g h l y t e s t e d b y skilful officers, a nd C o n g r e s s s houl d a p p r o p r i a t e l i b er ally for this purpose, a nd we s h o u l d see to it t h a t no n a t i o n has an a r m a m e n t in a n y r e s p e c t s u p e r i o r to o u r own. E L E C T R O L Y T I C S E P A R A T I O N OF TIN. A curious parallelism is presented between the well-known Hoepfner process for the extraction of copper from its ores and compounds, and a m e t h o d just patented to Paul Bergsoe, of Copenhagen, for the electrolytic recovery of tin from scrap and waste alloys. The H o e p f n e r process, it will be recalled, depends upon the varying valence of copper, and consists in bringing a salt of copper in its h i g h e r state of oxidation into contact with the ore, whereupon copper passes into solution and the solvent is reduced from the cupric to the cuprous condition ; this solution is then electrolyzed with insoluble anodes to deposit one-half of itl metal, restoring the remainder to its original valence and reconstituting the solvent. Bergsoe reacts upon tin-bearing materials with stannic chloride, and subjects the stannous salts formed to electrolytic treatment as above, restoring its valence and solvent power, and recovering an amount of metal equivalent to that dissolved. Both methods are simple, and indeed identical in theory. The Hoepfuer process has encountered in practice the very serious obstacle of a low-reaction velocity--a solvent action so slow as to render its application to the most commonly occurring ores of copper, the sulphides, of doubtful practicability. From this defect the new process is free, for the stannic salts are energetic solvents. The successful t r e a t m e n t of tin scrap, however, has proven in the past a difficult problem, not only on account of its very low tin content, but because of the t e n d e n c y of the iron to pass with the tin into solution. As applied to this purpose, therefore, the industrial value of the new process is yet to be d e m o n s t r a t e d . - Electrical World.