- Email: [email protected]
Electromagnetic accelerating mechanisms for cosmic rays
NOTES
FROM
THE BARTOL W.
ELECTROMAGNETIC
F. G.
RESEARCH
SWANN,
ACCELERATING
FOUNDATION
DIRECTOR
MECHANISMS
FOR
COSMIC
RAYS *
RY W. F. G. SWANN
In a report presented at the International Cosmic Ray Congress, Guanajuato, Mexico, the writer has taken occasion to summarize the essential features of the accelerating mechanism first proposed by him in 1933, and extended in a series of papers of later dates. Further extension is now realized by a proof to the effect that if E is the electric and H the magnetic field, the condition, (E ( > IN’ at all points as a sufficient criterion for continual increase of energy, applies not only to the case of axial symmetry but with perfect generality to all fields, with the exclusion of cases where the field passes through a zero value and there reverses its sign. The considerations developed in former papers and pertaining to the condition where a particle starts from rest at the instant when the currents generating magnetic fields are zero has been extended to the case where the currents are finite when the particle starts to acquire energy. Criteria have been established which enable one, in certain cases, to calculate lower limits to the energy acquired. Interesting examples are afforded by a case where the currents flow inyan infinite solenoid and where they flow as in an anchor ring winding. In both of these cases, the external magnetic field is extremely small, unless the rate of change of current is large, but, nevertheless, significantelectromotive force can be generated in typical cases and cosmic-r-a>, energies acquired. *Assistedin part by the joint program of the I-. S. Office of Naval Research and the U. S. Atomic
Energy Commission.
COSMIC-RAY
OBSERVATIONS AT VERY HIGH ALTITUDES PERIODS OF INTENSE SOLAR ACTIVITY t”
DURING
BY
M. A. POMERANTZ A detailed study of the records of balloon flights which were at very high altitudes during periods of important solar disturbances has been conducted. Nine interesting events have been examined and subjected to extensive statistical analysis. Four of these indicated enhanced cosmic-ray intensity associated with outstanding activity on the sun as manifested either by the occurrence of Ha flares or 547
FROM
THE BARTOL W.
ELECTROMAGNETIC
F. G.
RESEARCH
SWANN,
ACCELERATING
FOUNDATION
DIRECTOR
MECHANISMS
FOR
COSMIC
RAYS *
RY W. F. G. SWANN
In a report presented at the International Cosmic Ray Congress, Guanajuato, Mexico, the writer has taken occasion to summarize the essential features of the accelerating mechanism first proposed by him in 1933, and extended in a series of papers of later dates. Further extension is now realized by a proof to the effect that if E is the electric and H the magnetic field, the condition, (E ( > IN’ at all points as a sufficient criterion for continual increase of energy, applies not only to the case of axial symmetry but with perfect generality to all fields, with the exclusion of cases where the field passes through a zero value and there reverses its sign. The considerations developed in former papers and pertaining to the condition where a particle starts from rest at the instant when the currents generating magnetic fields are zero has been extended to the case where the currents are finite when the particle starts to acquire energy. Criteria have been established which enable one, in certain cases, to calculate lower limits to the energy acquired. Interesting examples are afforded by a case where the currents flow inyan infinite solenoid and where they flow as in an anchor ring winding. In both of these cases, the external magnetic field is extremely small, unless the rate of change of current is large, but, nevertheless, significantelectromotive force can be generated in typical cases and cosmic-r-a>, energies acquired. *Assistedin part by the joint program of the I-. S. Office of Naval Research and the U. S. Atomic
Energy Commission.
COSMIC-RAY
OBSERVATIONS AT VERY HIGH ALTITUDES PERIODS OF INTENSE SOLAR ACTIVITY t”
DURING
BY
M. A. POMERANTZ A detailed study of the records of balloon flights which were at very high altitudes during periods of important solar disturbances has been conducted. Nine interesting events have been examined and subjected to extensive statistical analysis. Four of these indicated enhanced cosmic-ray intensity associated with outstanding activity on the sun as manifested either by the occurrence of Ha flares or 547