- Email: [email protected]
Electronic clock
not less than 16 x 14 in or (if circular) not less than 16 in in diameter." In the report, the reader's attention was drawn on page 2 to the fact that, " F o r convenience of reference, sizes throughout this report are stated in imperial terms with a p p r o x i m a t e metric equivalents of 25 mm to 1 in shown in brackets." However, conversion from inches into the legal metric equivalent in millimetres should be calculated using a factor of 25"4, giving m i n i m u m dimensions for manhole openings of 458 m m if circular or 458 mm x 407 mm if oval; and, in the case of mobile plant or tank wagons, 407 mm if circular or 407 mm x 356 mm if oval.
Electronic clock The Fonadek KT-201 is a solid state electronic digital clock which is unusual in that the large orange digits on black background are 25 m m (1 in) high. It incorporates a buzzer alarm system
Primary identification of gases in cylinders is by labelling the name and chemical formula on the shoulder of the cylinder. The use of ground colours on the cylinder b o d y and colour bands on the shoulder to denote the gas provides a secondary means of identification. For the other gases and gas mixtures which do not have exclusive identification colours, cylinders have a pastel purple ground colour with further bands of colour on the shoulder to denote flammable and toxic hazards. As an additional aid these cylinders also have the name, formula and, in the case of mixtures, composition of the contents stencilled on the side of the body. A new series of gas data and safety sheets is also available detailing the composition, properties, hazards and safe storage and handling of the 160 gases and gas mixtures supplied by the company. Details from Air Products Ltd, St George's Square, New Malden, Surrey.
Leg protection for motor cyclists
The Fonadek KT 201 electronic clock which allows 5 min between the first buzz alarm and the second. Both the setting of the alarm and the setting of the time is by simple push b u t t o n operation. It is made by Fonadek International Limited, Albany Road, Harborne, Birmingham B17 9JS.
Gas cylinder identification and safety Air Products Ltd have issued a gas cylinder identification chart to aid all UK users of industrial gases to ensure their safe handling and use. The multicoloured chart, measuring a p p r o x i m a t e l y 60 cm x 42 cm (A2), features the exclusive colour identification of 30 standard gases and colour codes for all cylinders to denote flammable and toxic gases. In addition, the chart gives notes about other safety aspects and hazards. In the interests of safety and standardisation, Air Products has adopted for all gases and mixtures the principles of identification of cylinder contents r e c o m m e n d e d in BS 349: 1973.
248
The Transport and Road Research Laboratory r e c o m m e n d s that future motorcycles be built with some form of p r o t e c t i o n for riders' legs. An investigation of how this can best be done is being carried out by the Laboratory. Results from a survey in Berkshire and Buckinghamshire of 483 m o t o r c y c l e accidents have shown that legs were by far the most c o m m o n part of the body to be injured. The survey also found that most of the fatal and severe injuries were caused by riders hitting o t h e r vehicles after being thrown off their machines injuries from the motorcycles themselves were relatively few. These facts were given in a paper presented 8 September in A m s t e r d a m to the International Meeting on the Biomechanics of Injury to Pedestrians, Cyclists and Motorcyclists organised by the International Research C o m m i t t e e on the Biokinetics of hnpacts. Other results from the survey included: Motorcycle accidents happen mainly in towns during daylight. Most of the multi-vehicle accidents were at junctions and roundabouts with the motorcycle going ahead and the other vehicle manoeuvring. This highlights the importance of riders making themselves as conspicuous as possible and approaching junctions with caution. 73% of the riders had not passed the motorcycle test at the time of their accident. Chin cups were present on single strap helmets in only about half the sample yet 12 of the
AppliedErgonomics December 1976
14 hehnets that came off w h e n the strap was fastened were fitted with chin cups. T R R L r e c o m m e n d s that chin cups should be removed from older helmets and the strap fastened under the chin.
Predetermined motion time systems A guide to predetermined m o t i o n time systems (PMTS) has been published by the D e p a r t m e n t of E m p l o y m e n t . It is designed to introduce managers, supervisors and trade unionists to their use as a means of work measurement. It gives general guidance on PMTS and their application, and basic information about some systems now in use in the United Kingdom. PMTS is a work measurement technique used in work study to analyse jobs and measure the time required to complete a job to a specific standard. The systems are based on time values established, after extensive studies, as constant for each basic m o v e m e n t (of, eg, hand or arm) or combination of movements. Tasks are analysed and the times attached to each m o v e m e n t involved are built up to provide a time for the whole job. A tripartite group, including representatives of the TUC, CBI and EEF, as well as the Department of E m p l o y m e n t , was set up to produce the booklet. This was in response to growing concern about the increasing variety of systems available, and the new issues they were raising in comparison with more traditional work study techniques. Practical responsibility for the project was delegated to a technical c o m m i t t e e , which had discussions with organisations and consultants involved in the development and/or control of individual PMTS, and visited firms using them. The booklet A n i n t r o d u c t i o n to p r e d e t e r m i n e d m o t i o n time systems, (Department of E m p l o y m e n t HMSO, Price £1.10) is in two parts. Part 1 is divided into three sections, the first of which traces the origins of PMTS and describes the development of both basic and higher level systems and the distinctions between them. It looks at the purposes for which PMT systems can be used, suggesting that PMTS should be regarded as a versatile tool of method engineering, not just as a work measurement technique. Although PMTS are often used only to set standard times as a basis of incentive schemes, their value can lie
Electronic clock The Fonadek KT-201 is a solid state electronic digital clock which is unusual in that the large orange digits on black background are 25 m m (1 in) high. It incorporates a buzzer alarm system
Primary identification of gases in cylinders is by labelling the name and chemical formula on the shoulder of the cylinder. The use of ground colours on the cylinder b o d y and colour bands on the shoulder to denote the gas provides a secondary means of identification. For the other gases and gas mixtures which do not have exclusive identification colours, cylinders have a pastel purple ground colour with further bands of colour on the shoulder to denote flammable and toxic hazards. As an additional aid these cylinders also have the name, formula and, in the case of mixtures, composition of the contents stencilled on the side of the body. A new series of gas data and safety sheets is also available detailing the composition, properties, hazards and safe storage and handling of the 160 gases and gas mixtures supplied by the company. Details from Air Products Ltd, St George's Square, New Malden, Surrey.
Leg protection for motor cyclists
The Fonadek KT 201 electronic clock which allows 5 min between the first buzz alarm and the second. Both the setting of the alarm and the setting of the time is by simple push b u t t o n operation. It is made by Fonadek International Limited, Albany Road, Harborne, Birmingham B17 9JS.
Gas cylinder identification and safety Air Products Ltd have issued a gas cylinder identification chart to aid all UK users of industrial gases to ensure their safe handling and use. The multicoloured chart, measuring a p p r o x i m a t e l y 60 cm x 42 cm (A2), features the exclusive colour identification of 30 standard gases and colour codes for all cylinders to denote flammable and toxic gases. In addition, the chart gives notes about other safety aspects and hazards. In the interests of safety and standardisation, Air Products has adopted for all gases and mixtures the principles of identification of cylinder contents r e c o m m e n d e d in BS 349: 1973.
248
The Transport and Road Research Laboratory r e c o m m e n d s that future motorcycles be built with some form of p r o t e c t i o n for riders' legs. An investigation of how this can best be done is being carried out by the Laboratory. Results from a survey in Berkshire and Buckinghamshire of 483 m o t o r c y c l e accidents have shown that legs were by far the most c o m m o n part of the body to be injured. The survey also found that most of the fatal and severe injuries were caused by riders hitting o t h e r vehicles after being thrown off their machines injuries from the motorcycles themselves were relatively few. These facts were given in a paper presented 8 September in A m s t e r d a m to the International Meeting on the Biomechanics of Injury to Pedestrians, Cyclists and Motorcyclists organised by the International Research C o m m i t t e e on the Biokinetics of hnpacts. Other results from the survey included: Motorcycle accidents happen mainly in towns during daylight. Most of the multi-vehicle accidents were at junctions and roundabouts with the motorcycle going ahead and the other vehicle manoeuvring. This highlights the importance of riders making themselves as conspicuous as possible and approaching junctions with caution. 73% of the riders had not passed the motorcycle test at the time of their accident. Chin cups were present on single strap helmets in only about half the sample yet 12 of the
AppliedErgonomics December 1976
14 hehnets that came off w h e n the strap was fastened were fitted with chin cups. T R R L r e c o m m e n d s that chin cups should be removed from older helmets and the strap fastened under the chin.
Predetermined motion time systems A guide to predetermined m o t i o n time systems (PMTS) has been published by the D e p a r t m e n t of E m p l o y m e n t . It is designed to introduce managers, supervisors and trade unionists to their use as a means of work measurement. It gives general guidance on PMTS and their application, and basic information about some systems now in use in the United Kingdom. PMTS is a work measurement technique used in work study to analyse jobs and measure the time required to complete a job to a specific standard. The systems are based on time values established, after extensive studies, as constant for each basic m o v e m e n t (of, eg, hand or arm) or combination of movements. Tasks are analysed and the times attached to each m o v e m e n t involved are built up to provide a time for the whole job. A tripartite group, including representatives of the TUC, CBI and EEF, as well as the Department of E m p l o y m e n t , was set up to produce the booklet. This was in response to growing concern about the increasing variety of systems available, and the new issues they were raising in comparison with more traditional work study techniques. Practical responsibility for the project was delegated to a technical c o m m i t t e e , which had discussions with organisations and consultants involved in the development and/or control of individual PMTS, and visited firms using them. The booklet A n i n t r o d u c t i o n to p r e d e t e r m i n e d m o t i o n time systems, (Department of E m p l o y m e n t HMSO, Price £1.10) is in two parts. Part 1 is divided into three sections, the first of which traces the origins of PMTS and describes the development of both basic and higher level systems and the distinctions between them. It looks at the purposes for which PMT systems can be used, suggesting that PMTS should be regarded as a versatile tool of method engineering, not just as a work measurement technique. Although PMTS are often used only to set standard times as a basis of incentive schemes, their value can lie