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Electronmicroscopy and Analysis-1981
SolarEnergyVol.33, No. 6, pp. 000-000, 1984 Printedin the U.S.A.
0038--092)(/84 $3.00 + .00 © 1985PergamonPressLtd.
BOOK REVIEWS The Architecture of Energy, Dean Hawkes and Janet Owers (Editors). Construction Press, New York, 1981, 247 pp: Cost $35. The Martin Center for Architectural and Urban Studies at Cambridge organized a conference entitled The Architecture of Energy in September 1980. This book is a collection of essays based upon contributions made at that conference. It is arranged in 3 parts. The first, Theory and Analysis, contains eight papers, and the second brings together a group of case studies dealing with specific buildings. The third section is composed of 2 papers which review the preceeding material. The papers included in the first part are primarily analytical in approach and are aimed at developing an improved understanding of important technical and theoretical aspects of building design. The emphasis in the case study section is on non-domestic structures. The building designs illustrate different approaches to conserving energy utilizing both established and unconventional techniques. The papers in this 254 page volume are descriptive in nature and understandable to almost anyone. No background in engineerinjg or mathematics is required of the reader. The book appears to be aimed primarily at architects and others who are interested in specific applications of energy conservation techniques in buildings. Passive solar techniques are included in many of the designs. The book is recommended for anyone who has an interest in applying energy conserving and passive solar techniques to nonresidential buildings.
Electronmicroscopy and Analysis-1981, M. J. Goringe. The Institute o f Physics, Bristol, London, 1982, 563 pp. Cost $70.00.
ics. He uses it as a text for a graduate level heat transfer course at the University of Colorado entitled Second Law Analysis and suggests that Chaps. 5 12 dealing with heat transfer and thermal storage could be used for a graduate seminar on heat transfer or energy research. The first 2 chapters discuss the basic principles of thermodynamics and energy flows, and the following 2 chapters are concerned with turbulent flow and viscous dissipation. The next 5 chapters cover the topics of the convective heat transfer, heat transfer augmentation techniques, heat exchangers, thermal energy storage and insulation. The final 2 chapters apply the principles of thermodynamics to solar energy and energy policy. The book is at the level of an upper division engineering course in thermodynamics. Although it begins with basic principles, a previous course in thermodynamics is recommended for the reader. Having developed the basic theory in the first two chapters, Dr. Bejan proceeds with the development of turbulence and viscous dissipation. The chapter on heat transfer augmentation techniques includes a discussion of swirl flow, extended surfaces, and other techniques. The theory of heat exchangers is developed in Chap. 7. The following chapter (energy storage) considers both hot and cold storage. The chapter on solar energy describes the theory of the energy of sunlight. The book is recommended for senior level and graduate courses covering the topics of heat transfer, turbulent flow and thermodynamics. A prior understanding of advanced mathematics including calculus and partial differential equations is required. Problem sets are given at the end of most chapters, thereby enhancing its usefulness as a college text. The book will also be useful for researchers in the field who desire greater understanding of the links between thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, and heat transfer.
Evolution of Future Energy Demands Till 2030 in Different World Regions: An Assessment Made for the Two IIASA Scenarios, A r s h a d M. K a h n and Alois
The Institute of Physics Electronmicroscopy and Analysis group held a conference at the University of Cambridge from 7 10 September 1981. The proceedings of that meeting have been published as a 563 page hard-bound text with the papers reprinted from the original typed documents. The topics discussed cover the latest research on electronmicroscopy. The first paper describes damage to specimens caused by the electron beam. Other papers cover a range of topics including crystallographic microscopy, convergent electron beam diffraction, beam rocking modes, inelastically scattered electrons, beam-specimen interactions, applications of computer technology to electronmicroscopy, electron energy loss spectroscopy, cathodoluminescent techniques, image formation analysis, and the electron microscopy of semiconductors to examine electrically active defects. The papers are at a high technical level and are recommended for sophisticated readers with an adequate technical background who have an interest in keeping abreast of the latest developments in this field. Electronmicroscopy clearly is important to researchers in many areas of solar energy, and for these people this book is recommended.
Holzl. International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (Luxemberg, Austria), 137 pp. 1982, Cost $10.00. This 137 page paperback assesses the evolution of energy demand in different world regions over the next five decades using an energy model called MEDEE-2. The 1975 pattern of energy consumption in each region is analyzed in terms of useful and final energy requirements of a large number of activities in three broad sectors of the economy: industry, transportation, and households/services. Projections of useful and final energy demand to the years 2000 and 2030 are arrived at by considering a plausible evolution of these activities together with feasible improvements in technological factors and likely changes in lifestyles. The assumptions for the scenarios underlying these projections are presented and the rationale behind the assumptions is explained. The extent of energy conservation embodied in the projections is elaborated and the shares of various energy forms in the projected sectorial energy demand projections are discussed. The study concludes that energy demand in the developing regions will increase by a factor of 7-12 between 1975 and 2030. On the other hand, energy consumption in the industrialized nations is expected to increase by only 1.8-2.6 by that time. This book is highly recommended for energy planners who are interested in projections of energy use into the next century. Previous experience suggests that such long term projections are frequently thrown off by unexpected tech-
Entropy Generation through Heat and Fluid Flow, Adrian Bejan. J o h n Wiley, N e w York, 1982, £33.00 STG. Dr. Bejan wrote this book to bridge the gap between the fields of heat transfer, thermodynamics, and fluid mechan641
0038--092)(/84 $3.00 + .00 © 1985PergamonPressLtd.
BOOK REVIEWS The Architecture of Energy, Dean Hawkes and Janet Owers (Editors). Construction Press, New York, 1981, 247 pp: Cost $35. The Martin Center for Architectural and Urban Studies at Cambridge organized a conference entitled The Architecture of Energy in September 1980. This book is a collection of essays based upon contributions made at that conference. It is arranged in 3 parts. The first, Theory and Analysis, contains eight papers, and the second brings together a group of case studies dealing with specific buildings. The third section is composed of 2 papers which review the preceeding material. The papers included in the first part are primarily analytical in approach and are aimed at developing an improved understanding of important technical and theoretical aspects of building design. The emphasis in the case study section is on non-domestic structures. The building designs illustrate different approaches to conserving energy utilizing both established and unconventional techniques. The papers in this 254 page volume are descriptive in nature and understandable to almost anyone. No background in engineerinjg or mathematics is required of the reader. The book appears to be aimed primarily at architects and others who are interested in specific applications of energy conservation techniques in buildings. Passive solar techniques are included in many of the designs. The book is recommended for anyone who has an interest in applying energy conserving and passive solar techniques to nonresidential buildings.
Electronmicroscopy and Analysis-1981, M. J. Goringe. The Institute o f Physics, Bristol, London, 1982, 563 pp. Cost $70.00.
ics. He uses it as a text for a graduate level heat transfer course at the University of Colorado entitled Second Law Analysis and suggests that Chaps. 5 12 dealing with heat transfer and thermal storage could be used for a graduate seminar on heat transfer or energy research. The first 2 chapters discuss the basic principles of thermodynamics and energy flows, and the following 2 chapters are concerned with turbulent flow and viscous dissipation. The next 5 chapters cover the topics of the convective heat transfer, heat transfer augmentation techniques, heat exchangers, thermal energy storage and insulation. The final 2 chapters apply the principles of thermodynamics to solar energy and energy policy. The book is at the level of an upper division engineering course in thermodynamics. Although it begins with basic principles, a previous course in thermodynamics is recommended for the reader. Having developed the basic theory in the first two chapters, Dr. Bejan proceeds with the development of turbulence and viscous dissipation. The chapter on heat transfer augmentation techniques includes a discussion of swirl flow, extended surfaces, and other techniques. The theory of heat exchangers is developed in Chap. 7. The following chapter (energy storage) considers both hot and cold storage. The chapter on solar energy describes the theory of the energy of sunlight. The book is recommended for senior level and graduate courses covering the topics of heat transfer, turbulent flow and thermodynamics. A prior understanding of advanced mathematics including calculus and partial differential equations is required. Problem sets are given at the end of most chapters, thereby enhancing its usefulness as a college text. The book will also be useful for researchers in the field who desire greater understanding of the links between thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, and heat transfer.
Evolution of Future Energy Demands Till 2030 in Different World Regions: An Assessment Made for the Two IIASA Scenarios, A r s h a d M. K a h n and Alois
The Institute of Physics Electronmicroscopy and Analysis group held a conference at the University of Cambridge from 7 10 September 1981. The proceedings of that meeting have been published as a 563 page hard-bound text with the papers reprinted from the original typed documents. The topics discussed cover the latest research on electronmicroscopy. The first paper describes damage to specimens caused by the electron beam. Other papers cover a range of topics including crystallographic microscopy, convergent electron beam diffraction, beam rocking modes, inelastically scattered electrons, beam-specimen interactions, applications of computer technology to electronmicroscopy, electron energy loss spectroscopy, cathodoluminescent techniques, image formation analysis, and the electron microscopy of semiconductors to examine electrically active defects. The papers are at a high technical level and are recommended for sophisticated readers with an adequate technical background who have an interest in keeping abreast of the latest developments in this field. Electronmicroscopy clearly is important to researchers in many areas of solar energy, and for these people this book is recommended.
Holzl. International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (Luxemberg, Austria), 137 pp. 1982, Cost $10.00. This 137 page paperback assesses the evolution of energy demand in different world regions over the next five decades using an energy model called MEDEE-2. The 1975 pattern of energy consumption in each region is analyzed in terms of useful and final energy requirements of a large number of activities in three broad sectors of the economy: industry, transportation, and households/services. Projections of useful and final energy demand to the years 2000 and 2030 are arrived at by considering a plausible evolution of these activities together with feasible improvements in technological factors and likely changes in lifestyles. The assumptions for the scenarios underlying these projections are presented and the rationale behind the assumptions is explained. The extent of energy conservation embodied in the projections is elaborated and the shares of various energy forms in the projected sectorial energy demand projections are discussed. The study concludes that energy demand in the developing regions will increase by a factor of 7-12 between 1975 and 2030. On the other hand, energy consumption in the industrialized nations is expected to increase by only 1.8-2.6 by that time. This book is highly recommended for energy planners who are interested in projections of energy use into the next century. Previous experience suggests that such long term projections are frequently thrown off by unexpected tech-
Entropy Generation through Heat and Fluid Flow, Adrian Bejan. J o h n Wiley, N e w York, 1982, £33.00 STG. Dr. Bejan wrote this book to bridge the gap between the fields of heat transfer, thermodynamics, and fluid mechan641