Elimination of small cell carcinoma of the lung from human bone marrow by monoclonal antibodies and immunomagnetic beads

277

Radiotherapy The superior vena cava syndrome as energy case in radiotherapy Beck C. Be&rich W. BauknechtA, SchnabelK. Abteilungfur Strahlentherapie. Rudiulogisck Universttatsklinik. D-6650 HombwglSo~r. Strahlenther

Onkol

1990;166:798-802.

Between 1983 and 1988 90 patients with bronchial neopla.smS needed emergency irradiation to treat superior vena cava syndrome. Pathohistologicallyverified were 30 cases with squamouscell carcinoma, twelve with adenodarcinoma,live cases wtth large cell carcinoma, 30 with a small cell carcinoma, and non-differentiated in five others.No histologicalexaminationwas carried out in eight cases.In 30 patients distant metastaseswere evident at the initial diagnosis. The averagedurationoffollow-upwas 118&y~.Thesurvivalcourseproved to be independentof histopathologicalgrading,previoustreatmem and age. Similarly no influenceof the fractionationemployedcould be seen. Very importantto the prognosishowever, were the stageof disease,the Kamofsky index, and dependent on that+ the total reference dose applied. Patientswith a Kamofsky index of 50% or lower survived on averaged only 17 days Radiosensitivityofdifferenthuman tumorlinesgrownasxenografts determined from growth delay and survival data Schwacbofer JHM. Hcogenhout J, Kal HB. Koedam J, Van Wezel HPN.

Department

of Radiotherapy,

University

Hospttol.

P.O.

BOX

Vivo 1990.4:253-Ct. Four human tumor lines were grown as xenografts in nude mice to determine whether xenografts derived from dtfferent types of tumors would show tumor-type dependent differences in responseto singledose irradiation, and whether these differences, paralleled clinical behavior. Xenografts from a neuroblastoma,a squamouscell carcinoma,a melanomaand a lung adenccarcinomawere studiedin termsof growth delay and tumor control dose (TCD&. To exclude an immunoreaction of the hostin the radiationresponseof the tumorxenografts, the tumor lines were tested for their growth in immunosuppressed Wistar rats. No differences in growth of xenograftsin either immuncdelicient mice or immunosuppressedrats were observed. Both growth delay and local tumor control as expressedby cure correlated well with clinical behavior of the tumor types of origin. This studydemonstrates that radiosensittvityof different human tumor lines can be evaluatedin termsof growth delay and tumor control dose, when they are grown as xenografts. To exclude immune reactions, proper controls should be mcluded. The sensitivitiesestablishedfrom these evaluationsparallel clinical behavior, thus offering a tool for analysis of human tumor radiosensitivityof histologicallydifferent tumor types. YIOl,6SOO

HB Ni/megen.

In

The life table 5-year survivalof group 1was 34%. of group 2 was 75% andofgroup3 was53%.Themediansuivalsfor thethreegroups were group 1.38 months;gmup2,106months; andgroup3.71 months.The difference was significantat P = ,007 (Cox-Mantel test). Combined modality therapy for locally advanced non-small cell lung carcinoma Rccine D. Rowland K. Reddy S. Lee MS. Bonomi P. Taylor S et al. Department Medical

of Therapeutic Center.

Rush-Presbyterian-St. Parkway,

Chicago.

Luke’s IL

60612.

Other treatment modalities Nd-YAC laser resection and ‘endoxane’ endobronchial prosthesis in the palliative treatment of tracheobronchial malignant tumors Seitz B, Astoul Ph. Martin A, Fico JL, Boutin C. Service de Pneumologie. Hopital Cedex 5.

de la Conception.

147.5oulevard5aille.

13385 Marserlle

Acta Endox 1990;20: 123-9.

The authors report their expenence endoprostheses

disease from September

numberof laser be improved

Adjuvant, specific, active immunotherapy for resectabk squamous cell lung carcinoma: A 5.year survival analysis Takita H. HollinsheadAC, Adler RH, BhayauaJ. RamundoM, Modcowits R et al. Deportment of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, Rowe11 ParkConcerlnstiture.666EfmStreet.5u~lo.NY 14263.JSttrgOnCOl 1991;46:9-14. In 1976 Stewart et al. (Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 277:436-466) reported the effectiveness of adjuvant specific active immunotherapy of lung carcinoma in improving the postoperative survivalofstage I lungcarcinomapatientsin aphase studyusinglung carcinoma-associatedantigen (TAA) and complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA). A phase III study was then designedby the authors to see the effects of specificactive immunotherapycompared to the conventional management(no treatment) and IO nonspecifictmmunotherapy.From 1976to 1981.85 patientswtth resectabIe(stagesIand II) squamouscell lungcarcinomawereentered intoarandomized study: 1)controIgroup; 2) specific immunotherapy group-three monthly doses of 500 pg Of TAA emulsifiedwith CFA; 3) nonspecificimmunotherapygroup-three monthly dosesof CFA emulsitied m saline. All the patientsin the study receivedskintestswuh 1OOpgoCthesameTAAusedfortheimmunotherapy. Recently,a5-yearfollow-upofall the patients becameavailable:

Radiology,

W. Congress

Cancer 1990$6:2270-S. Multi-modality treatment consisting of ctsplatin, VP-16. and 5lluorouracil chemotherapy given concomitantly with external beam radiation was used to treat 64 patients with locally advanced Stage III non-smallcell lung carcinoma.This regimen was usedin a preoperative fashionfor four cycles in patientsconsideredsurgically resectableand with curative intent for six cycles in the remainder of patients. The clinical responserate for the entire group was 84% and the overall local control rate was 74%. The median survival was 13 months with a median follow-up for live patientsof 19 months.The actuarial 3-year survival and disease-free survival rates were 30% and 23%. respectively. Histologic complete responsewas 39% and appeared to predict for survival. The 3-year actuarial survival and disease-free survival rates for23 resected patientswere6946 and45%, respectively,with the complete histologic respondershaving disease-free survival of 78%. The pattern of lint recurrence did not appear to differ by histologyor presenceof lymph nodesin thts subsetof patients.The actuarial 3-year survivalanddisease-Creesurvtval ratesCorinoperablepatientsreceiving six cycles of treatment were 18% and 23%. respectively. The local control was 67% with the majority of these patientshaving Stage IIIB disease.The Mountain Internationalstagingsystemappearedto predict for operability, local recurrence, and survival. This concomitanttreatment regimen is feasible. with the major toxicities being leukopenia. nausea,and vomiting.

cheobronchial

Combined treatment modalities

1653

with

1988 to September

reseclions,

laser resecttons and tra-

for the palliative

treatment of neoplastic

1989. Patient comforL

and the total cost of palliative

the

treatment can

if the prosthests is Inserted as early as possible.

Elimination of small cell carcinoma of the lung from human bone marrow by monoclonal antibodies and immunomagnetic beads Vredenburg JJ. Ball ED. Department ofMedicine, Dartmouth Medical School. Hanover, NH 03756. Cancer Res 1990;50:7216-20. The majonty of patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung (SCCL) have bone marrow involvement detected by monoclonal anttbodies (mAb). High dose chemotherapyfollowed by autologousbone marrow transplantationmay improve treatmentresultsfor patients with SCCL, but the tone marrow may need to be purged of contaminating tumorceIls.ThisstudyinvestigatesIhereactivityoCapanelofmAbwith two SCCL cell lines and normal bone marrwow and the ability of the mAb and immunomagneticbeads to eliminate the SCCL cells from a mixture of 90% normal bone marrow cells and 10% SCCL cells. The mAb and immunomagnetx the model

system.

cantly adversely

The

colony-forming

and immunomagnetic following

cells in

did not signifi-

progenitor

cells, as deter-

units. The results suggest that

beads could

separate SCCL cells from the bone marrow transplantation

4 to 5 log of SCCL separation

affect normal hematopoietic

mined by bone marrow the mAb

beads removed immunomagnetic

safely

and effectively

Corautologous

high dose chemotherapy.

bone marrow