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Endorphin activity after burns
BW~S
(1984).
10.
303-304
Printed
in Great
Britain
Abstracts CLINICAL
STUDIES
Endorphin
activity
Lung water after
burns
Remarkable analgesic properties appear to be possessed by decapeptide cerulotide since when it was given to 22 burned patients many of them ceased to require any other analgesics, particularly opiates. Prolonged administration of the decapeptide cerulotide for up to 10 days maintained the analgesia without any substantial changes in the EEG records. The decapeptide cerulotide appears to act as an endorphin releaser without blocking the stress response to the injury, this latter being measured by the serum or plasma levels of cortisol, renin, testosterone, prolactin and tri-iodothyronine. Dolecek R., Jezek M., Adamkova M. et al. (1983) Endornhin releasers: a new oossible anoroach to the treatment of pain after burns-a preliminary report. Burns 10,41. I
Graftinn
1
of cultured
epidermal
rl
and inhalation
injury
cells
Epidermaicells from cadaver skin were grown in tissue culture into confluent sheets of stratified cells and then grafted on to deep partial thickness skin loss bums that had been tangentially excised. Compared with the healing time of similar wounds that had been tangentially excised and covered with split thickness autograft skin, the burn wounds grafted with cultured allografts healed within three days and remained healthy for the 9 months of observation. Hefton J. M., Madden M. R., Finkelstein J. L. et al. (1983) Grafting of burn patients with allografts of cultured epidermal cells. Lancer 2, 428.
Side effects
content
Extravascular lung water content was measured in 14 patients with severe bums complicated by severe inhalation injury (mean CO Hb level = 30 per cent). Five patients survived and their extravascular lung water volume remained within the expected normal range. Six patients had increases in extravascular lung water volume caused by either altered pulmonary capillary permeability or elevated hydrostatic pressures. The increase in permeability oedema was caused either by the direct early effect of inhalation injury (chemical pneumonitis in one patient only) or appeared later after the onset of sepsis. Almost three-quarters of the patients developed pneumonia but only in one patient did this particular complication induce an increase in extravascular lung water content; systemic sepsis was the much more common cause. Tranbaugh R. F., Elings V. B., Christensen 3. M. et al. (1983) Effect of inhalation injury on lung water accumulation. J. Trauma 23, 597.
of silver sulphadiazine
After the topical application of silver sulphadiazine to 650 children with bums or scalds four children developed neutropenia and two children showed an erythema multiforme rash. Both these side effects were atthbuted to sensitivity to sulphadiaxine. There was some absorption of sulphadiazine through the burned tissues because the mean urine content of this antibacterial agent was 31.8mg per litre during the period of its application. Lockhart S. P., Rushworth A., Azmy A. A. F. et al. (1983) Topical silver sulphadiazine: side effects and urinary excretion. Burns 10,9.
ANIMAL Induction healing
STUDIES of increased
rate of wound
Small full thickness skin loss burn wounds inflicted on guinea pigs were exposed to either ambient air or to the continuous application of 96 per cent oxygen and a relative humidity of 75 per cent using a plastic chamber fixed to the skin beyond the edges of the wound. Compared with the rate of healing of the control wounds the high oxygen, high relative humidity treated wounds had a much more rapid rate of wound healing. Kaufman T., Alexander J. W., Nathan P. et al. (1983) The micro climate chamber: The effect of continuous topical administration of 96 per cent oxygen and 75 per cent relative humidity on the healing rate of experimental deep bums. J. Trauma 23, 806.
LABORATORY Plasmids agents
STUDIES
and resistance
to antimicrobial
Plasmid pattern analysis was performed on strains of Enterobucter cloacae that were resistant to both silver sulphadiazine and Sulfamylon acetate. Isolates of the organisms over a 6 year period which included two
(1984).
10.
303-304
Printed
in Great
Britain
Abstracts CLINICAL
STUDIES
Endorphin
activity
Lung water after
burns
Remarkable analgesic properties appear to be possessed by decapeptide cerulotide since when it was given to 22 burned patients many of them ceased to require any other analgesics, particularly opiates. Prolonged administration of the decapeptide cerulotide for up to 10 days maintained the analgesia without any substantial changes in the EEG records. The decapeptide cerulotide appears to act as an endorphin releaser without blocking the stress response to the injury, this latter being measured by the serum or plasma levels of cortisol, renin, testosterone, prolactin and tri-iodothyronine. Dolecek R., Jezek M., Adamkova M. et al. (1983) Endornhin releasers: a new oossible anoroach to the treatment of pain after burns-a preliminary report. Burns 10,41. I
Graftinn
1
of cultured
epidermal
rl
and inhalation
injury
cells
Epidermaicells from cadaver skin were grown in tissue culture into confluent sheets of stratified cells and then grafted on to deep partial thickness skin loss bums that had been tangentially excised. Compared with the healing time of similar wounds that had been tangentially excised and covered with split thickness autograft skin, the burn wounds grafted with cultured allografts healed within three days and remained healthy for the 9 months of observation. Hefton J. M., Madden M. R., Finkelstein J. L. et al. (1983) Grafting of burn patients with allografts of cultured epidermal cells. Lancer 2, 428.
Side effects
content
Extravascular lung water content was measured in 14 patients with severe bums complicated by severe inhalation injury (mean CO Hb level = 30 per cent). Five patients survived and their extravascular lung water volume remained within the expected normal range. Six patients had increases in extravascular lung water volume caused by either altered pulmonary capillary permeability or elevated hydrostatic pressures. The increase in permeability oedema was caused either by the direct early effect of inhalation injury (chemical pneumonitis in one patient only) or appeared later after the onset of sepsis. Almost three-quarters of the patients developed pneumonia but only in one patient did this particular complication induce an increase in extravascular lung water content; systemic sepsis was the much more common cause. Tranbaugh R. F., Elings V. B., Christensen 3. M. et al. (1983) Effect of inhalation injury on lung water accumulation. J. Trauma 23, 597.
of silver sulphadiazine
After the topical application of silver sulphadiazine to 650 children with bums or scalds four children developed neutropenia and two children showed an erythema multiforme rash. Both these side effects were atthbuted to sensitivity to sulphadiaxine. There was some absorption of sulphadiazine through the burned tissues because the mean urine content of this antibacterial agent was 31.8mg per litre during the period of its application. Lockhart S. P., Rushworth A., Azmy A. A. F. et al. (1983) Topical silver sulphadiazine: side effects and urinary excretion. Burns 10,9.
ANIMAL Induction healing
STUDIES of increased
rate of wound
Small full thickness skin loss burn wounds inflicted on guinea pigs were exposed to either ambient air or to the continuous application of 96 per cent oxygen and a relative humidity of 75 per cent using a plastic chamber fixed to the skin beyond the edges of the wound. Compared with the rate of healing of the control wounds the high oxygen, high relative humidity treated wounds had a much more rapid rate of wound healing. Kaufman T., Alexander J. W., Nathan P. et al. (1983) The micro climate chamber: The effect of continuous topical administration of 96 per cent oxygen and 75 per cent relative humidity on the healing rate of experimental deep bums. J. Trauma 23, 806.
LABORATORY Plasmids agents
STUDIES
and resistance
to antimicrobial
Plasmid pattern analysis was performed on strains of Enterobucter cloacae that were resistant to both silver sulphadiazine and Sulfamylon acetate. Isolates of the organisms over a 6 year period which included two