Environmental deterioration in the hill-country of Sri Lanka

Selected Abstracts growing on private land, agroforestry, etc); 2) farmer leasehold; 3) village woodlots on common tree/fodder growing property resources; 4) strip plantations along roads, canals, railways, ete; and 5) reforestation or rehabilitation of degraded forest area. -from Author

92Z/00088

A preliminary ecological survey of Alguai

Spring, Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan W. A. Rodgers, Journal - Bombay Natural History Society, 87(2), 1990, pp 201-209. The valley and spring provide water, evergreen shade and cover, and fi'uit and fodder resources to a wide variety of mammals and birds. Plant species diversity is much higher than in the surrounding forest. Riverine vegetation cover is diminishing as seedlings fail to survive due to pressure from people and livestock. Management options are suggested. -from Author 92Z/00089

Environmental deterioration in the hill-

country of Sri Lanka A. Wickramasinghe, Malaysian Journal of Tropical Geography, 19, 1989, pp 44-51. Examines a range of agroecological systems in the central highlands of Sri Lanka. The patterns of land utilization and the dominant features of the agm-ecological systems are examined, the conditions of resources and rate of environmental deterioration compared, and the most appropriate strategies and practices identified to control this deterioration and to rehabilitate the environment. -from Author 92Z/00090 The forest and urban greening in Shanghai Shen Zhang, in: Urban ecology, ed H. Sukopp & S. Hejny, (SPB Academic Publishing), 1990, pp 141-153. Small patches of regenerated primary forests are only distributed over a limited area and consist of subropical evergreen broadieaf forests. The artificial forests mostly consist of Metusequoia glyptostroboides. -from Author 92Z/00091 Vegetational changes in response to drainage at Sarobetsu Mire, N Hokkaido, Japan H. Ito & L. Woiejko, in: Wetland ecology and management, ed D.F. Whigham & others, (Kluwer; Tasks for Vegetation Science, 25), 1990, pp 131-134. Oligotrophic wetlands in Hokkaido are still sufficiently preserved in the mountainous areas, but rare elements of mesotruphic fens and bogs in lowlands are on the verge of extermination. -from Authors 92Z/00092 A conservational review of Sarobetsu Mire, northern Hokkaido K. Ito & L. Wolejko, Environmental Science, Hokkaido, 13(1), 1990, pp 75-92. Discusses the consequences of a drastic decrease of the mire area, an extension of canal and road networks, and short cutting of the Teshio River. The Sasa conununity has been encouraged by a decrease of soil humidity resulting from drainage. Channel digging has caused an increase of endangered species. -from Authors 92Z/00093 Selecting nature reserves C. R. Margules, R. L. Pressey & A. O. Nicholls, in: Nature conservation: cost effective biological surveys and data analysis, ed C.R. Margules & M.P. Austin, (CSIRO Australia), 1991, pp 90-97. A method for selecting a network of reserves to encompass maximum biotic diversity is described and illustrated with examples of wetlands from the Macleay Valley floodplain and remnant vegetation patches on the W Eyre Peninsula. A comparison with multivariate scoring and ranking selection procedures, using land system data from the semi-arid rangelends of the Westem Division of New South Wales, shows that scoring and ranking procedures are much less efficient in that much more of the land area is needed ff all land systems are to be represented in the reserve network. -Authors

279

92Z/00094 Tal~a for granted: the bn#hland of Sydney and its suburbs D.H. Benson & J. Howell, (Kangaroo Press, Kenthurst, NSW, in association with the Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney), ISBIq (hardback) 0 86417 331 8, price A$35.00, 1990, 160 pp, index. Describes the impact over the last 200 years of Sydney's urban growth on its natural vegetation. -M.Dean 92Z/00095 Antarctica: ice under pressure M.W. Holdgate, Environment, 32(8), 1990, pp 4-9,30-33. The need for an effective conservation strategy to give protection to Antarctica was debated in the special Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting, held in Chile, and in the IUCN Meeting held in Western Australia, both November 1990. Reviews history of exploitation of the continent: seal and whale hunting, early scientific expeditions, territorial claims. Describes the establishment of the Antarctic Treaty, devised to regulate activities and illustrates several exames where the treaty has ~proved to be an effective tool. iscusses the need for an international agreement to identify primary objectives for Antarctica, an issue addressed by the IUCN in its draft Antarctica conservation strategy. -N.Davey

~

Restoration ecology 92Z/00096 Wetland creation and restoration: description and summary of the literature K. Schneller-McDonald, L. S. Ischinger & G. T. Auble, Biological Report - US Fish & Wildlife Service, 90(3), 1990, 198 pp. Provides a hard copy of the bibliographic information contalned in the US Wetland Creation/Restoration data base. -from Authors 92Z/00097 Biological concepts for reclamation of mined areas P. S. Ramakrishnan, International Journal of Ecology & Environmental Sciences, 16(1), 1990, pp 1-14. A consideration of both spatial and temporal patterns of plant adaptation and distribution are important for developmg a meaningful strategy for mined areas. -from Author 92Z/00098 Role of ecotype in vegetation restoration U. Goel, International Journal of Ecology & Environmental Sciences, 16(1), 1990, pp 45-55. Some species are successful in nature because they have the abillty to form races adapted to different environmental factors. Tolerant populations plus proper nutrition may be a solution for restoring spoiled areas. -from Author 92Z/00099 Coastal sage scrub restoration - I: the challenge of mitigation P. A. Bowler, Restoration & Management Notes, 8(2), 1990, pp 78-82. Discusses concern over the magnitude of habitat loss, disturbanee and isolation of remnant fragments of coastal sage scrub (a drought-deciduous shrubland) characterised by soft-leaved, shallow-rooted subshrubs such as California sagebrush Artemisia california. Replacement and restoration are becoming important components of a strategy for conservation of sage scrub in Orange County and elsewhere. This paper reviews possible restoration goals and some means to achieve these. -P.J.Jaxvis 92Z/00100 Rejuvenation of mountain big sagebrush on mule deer winter ranges using onsite plants as a seed source F.J. Wagstaff & B. L. Welch, General Technical Report US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, INT-276, 1990, pp 171-174. In fall 1987 three tillage treatments were applied to Artemisis tridentata ssp. vaseyana plants: early tilling, late tilling, and no tillage. Half of the treated and control plants had been protected from browsing the previous winter to enhance seed production. In late May and late September 1988pints that had received the late tillage treatment had significantly greater numbers of seedlings. Plots receiving the early tillage traetment and the control plots produced