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Enzyme nomenclature — Textbook errors
72 cancels in Eqn (3). Therefore as far as the calculation of molecular weights is concerned, it is not necessary to assume that the net force on a sedimenting particle in a centrifuge is zero or even close to zero. Acknowledgement The authors thank Rama Govender for some mathematical advice.
References 1Cantor, C R and Schimmel, P R (1980) 'Biophysical Chemistry Part II: Techniques for the Study of Biological Structure and Function', p 606, W H Freeman, San Francisco
Zvan Holde, K E (1985) 'Physical Biochemistry', second edition, p 111, Prentice-Hall, New Jersey 3Svedberg, T and Pedersen, K O (1940) 'The Ultracentrifuge', p 5, Clarendon Press, Oxford 4Mahler, H R and Cordes, E H (1966) 'Biological Chemistry', p 43, Harper and Row, New York ~Marshall, A G (1978) 'Biophysical Chemistry', Chapter 7, Wiley and Sons, New York ~Freifelder, D (1982) 'Physical Biochemistry', second edition, p 363, Freeman, San Francisco
E n z y m e N o m e n c l a t u r e m T e x t b o o k Errors S K SINGLA
Department of Biochemistry Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana 141004, India
The books by Stryer I and Martin et al 2 contain several mistakes in the names of enzymes. The commonest mistake is in the use of 'synthetase' and 'synthase'. According to Rules 23 and 29 framed by the Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature, 3 'synthetase' is not to be used for enzymes other than the iigases (Main Class 6). Section A of Table 1 shows these errors, the pages where they appear in the book and the correct names with EC numbers. Another very common mistake is the direct attachment of '-ase' to the name of substrate for enzymes other than the hydrolases (Main Class 3). In column 2, section B, Table 1 are listed the enzymes which are not hydrolases and accordingly, should not be named as substrate-plus-'ase' (Rule 10). The correct names are Table
Filmstrip: M o n o c l o n a l A n t i b o d i e s by R J Mayer. (Filmstrip £12.83 or Slides £14.74). Philip Harris Biological Ltd, Weston-super-Mare, UK. 1984 This is a set of 20 frames accompanied by a booklet containing a few lines describing each slide. Seven of the frames are colour photographs of various laboratory operations, understandable to anyone familiar with the techniques, but possibly not so clear to the uninitiated. There are a few schematic diagrams to illustrate the steps in producing antibodies as well as their possible applications (including curing cancer!). The rest are micrographs. The style of the text is too superficial for a university course. For schools or technical colleges it would have been beneficial to supplement the laboratory photographs with diagrams showing the essential features of the equipment being used. Some actual, rather than hypothetical, illustrations of the uses of monoclonal antibodies could also have been offered. Overall, I felt that a teacher with £15 to spend on a teaching aid might find this something of a disappointment. John Kenny
given in column 4 of the same section. Hydroxylating enzymes were earlier placed in sub-group 1.99.1. After a better understanding of their mechanism, these are now called oxygenases and are placed in sub-classes 1.13 and 1.14. Section C of Table 1 lists such enzymes with the correct recommended names. Section D is a list of enzymes with miscellaneous errors in their names along with the correct names. In this section, several of the names used in the book are really not the names of individual enzymes; these indicate the kind of reaction catalysed. References t Stryer, L (1981) Biochemistry, 2nd edition, W H Freeman and Co, San Francisco 2 Martin, D W, Mayes, P A and Rodwell, V W (1983) Harper's Review of Biochemistry, 19th edition, Lange Medical publications, Maruzen Asia ~Enzyme Nomenclature, Recommendations (1978) of the Nomenclature Committee of the IUB on the nomenclature and classification of the enzymes (1979). Academic Press, New York, cited by Dixon, M and Webb, E C (1979) The Enzymes, 3rd edition, Longman Group Limited, London
1 Enzyme nomenclature mistakes with corrections Name of enzyme
Section A Thymidylate synthetase Triacylglycerol synthetase complex 8-aminolaevulinate synthetase Glycogen synthetase Lactose synlhetase Geranyl-pyrophosphate synthetase Squalene synthetase Phosphoribosyl-l-pyrophosphate synthetase A T P synthetase
Hydroxymethyl glutaryI-CoA synthetase Citrate synthetase
B I O C H E M I C A L E D U C A T I O N 15(2) 1987
Page
527 ~ 3532 4581 506 ~ 365 I 377 l 2412 2412 51g I 3562 1352 393 I 2851
Correct Name
EC Number
Thymidylate synthase
2.1.1.45
(i) Glycerophosphate acyltransferase (ii) Diacylglycerol acyltransferase 8-aminolaevulinate synthase Glycogen (starch) synthase Lactose synthase Dimethylallyltransferase Farnesyltransferase Ribosephosphate pyrophosphokinasc
2.3.1.15 2.3.1.20 2.3.1.37 2.4.1.11 2.4.1.22 2.5.1.1 2.5.1.21 2.7.6.1
Adenosinetriphosphat ase Hydroxymethyl glutaryl-CoA synthase Citrate(si)-synthase
3.6.1.3 4.1.3.5 4.1.3.7
73 Name of enzyme
Page
EC Number
Tryptophan synthase Cystathionine 13-synthase Uroporphyrinogen I synthase Asparagine synthetase Glutamine synthetase Argininosuccinate synthetase Carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase (ammonia)
4.2.1.20 4.2.1.22 4.3.1.8 6.3.1.1 6.3.1.2 6.3.4.5 6.3.4.16
Urate oxidase Catechol oxidase Flavoprotein-linked monoxygenase Monophenol monooxygenase Guanine deaminase Fumarate hydratase Aconitate hydratase Urocanate hydratase Histidine ammonia-lyase Argininosuccinate-lyase Adenylsuccinate-lyase Cystathionine -/-lyase
1.7.3.3 1.10.3.1 1.14.14.1 1.14.18.1 3.5.4.3 4.2.1.2 4.2.1.3 4.2.1.49 4.3.1.3 4.3.2.1 4.3.2.2 4.4.1.1
2892 2892 1871 2692 187 I 2692 1182 1182 478 l 490 l 2702 3142 2112 478 I 4982 478 l 4982
Homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase Proline, 2-oxoglutarate dioxygenase
1.13.11.5 1.13.11.27 1.14.11.2
Lysine, 2 oxoglutarate dioxygenase
1.14.11.4
25-hydroxycholecalciferol 1-monooxygenase Flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase Steroid- 11[3-monooxygenase Phenylalanine 4-monooxygenase
1.14.13.13 1.14.14.1 1.14.15.4 1.14.16.1
Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase Acyl-CoA desaturase Steroid 17c~-monooxygenase
1.14.16.2 1.14.99.5 1.14.99.9
Steroid 21-monooxygenase
1.14.99.10
Malic enzyme
2092
1.1.1.40
Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase Dihydrofolate reductase
Glutathione disulphide reductase (NAD(P)H) Guanidinoacetate methyltransferase Glycine amidinotransferase [Acyl-carrier-protein] acetyltransferase [Acyl-carrier-protein] malonyltransferase 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase Glutaminyl-peptide 3,-glutamyltransferase UDP galactose-collagen galactosyl transferase UDP glucose-collagen glucosyltransferase Orotate phosphoribosyltransferase Amidophosphoribosyltransferase Galactose 1-phosphate uridylyl transferase Glutamine-synthetase adenylyltransferase Gluconolactonase Fructose-biphosphate aldolase Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA-lyase Citrate(si)-synthase Carbonate dehydratase
t.6.4.2 2.1.1.2 2.1.4.1 2.3.1.38 2.3.1.39 2.3.1.41 2.3.2.13 2.4.1.50 2.4.1.66 2.4.2.10 2.4.2.14 2.7.7.10 2.7.7.42 3.1.1.17 4.1.2.13 4.1.3.4 4.1.3.7 4.2.1.1
Threonine deaminase b-aminolaevulinatedehydrase Homoserine deaminase
520 ~ 527 l 1102 525 I 3152 3152 398 I 398 l 392 174j 1871 187 I 52(1t 519 I 3791 503 I 337 l 262 l 393 I 892 79 ~ 432 500 t 506 l 2962
Malate dehydrogenase (Oxaloacetate-decarboxylating) (NADP ÷) Orotate reductase Tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase
4.2.1.16 4.2.1.24 4.4.1.1
Cyclase Aminoimidazole ribosylphosphate synthetase Glycinamide kinosynthetase Formylglycinamide ribosephosphate synthetase
468 t 3442 3442 3442
Threonine dehydratase Porphobilinogen-synthase Cystathionine--,/-lyase (see also deleted entry, 4.2.1.151 2,3-oxidosqualene lanosterol-cyclase Phosphoribosylaminoimidazolesynthetase Phosphoribosylglycinamidesynthetase Phosphoribosylformylglycinamidinesynthetase
Tryptophan synthetase Cystathionine synthetase Synthetase Asparagine synthase Glutamine synthase Argininosuccinicacid synthase Carbamoyl-phosphate synthase
4981 495 ~ 505 ~ 2672 2672 2802 2792
Correct Name
Section B
Uricase Phenolase Desmolase Tyrosinase Guanase Fumarase Aconitase Urocanase Histidase Argininosuccinase Adenylosuccinase Cystathioninase
532 j, 3512 1262 4761 3142 3512 2881 2851 2862 2862 2802 3462 495 t
Section C
Homogentisate oxidase p-Hydroxyphenyl pyruvate hydroxylase Prolyl hydroxylase Lysyl hydroxylase la-hydroxylase 24-hydroxylase and 25-hydroxylase 11-hydroxylase Phenylalanine hydroxylase Tyrosine hydroxylase Stearyl hydroxylase 17-Hydroxylase 21-Hydroxylase Section D
Glutathione reductase Guanidoacetatemethylferase Arginine-glycinetransamidinase AcetyI-CoA transacylase Malonyl-CoA transacylase Liver fatty acid synthase Transamidase Galactosyl transferase Glucosyl transferase Orotidylate pyrophosphorylase Glutamine PRPP amidotransferase Galactose- l-phosphate uridyltransferase Adenylyl transferase Lactonase Aldolase HydroxymethylglutaryI-CoA cleaving enzyme Citrate cleavage enzyme Carbonic anhydrase
BIOCHEMICAL EDUCATION 15(2) 1987
1.3.1.14 1.5.1.3
5.4.99.7 6.3.3.1 6.3.4.13 6.3.5.3
References 1Cantor, C R and Schimmel, P R (1980) 'Biophysical Chemistry Part II: Techniques for the Study of Biological Structure and Function', p 606, W H Freeman, San Francisco
Zvan Holde, K E (1985) 'Physical Biochemistry', second edition, p 111, Prentice-Hall, New Jersey 3Svedberg, T and Pedersen, K O (1940) 'The Ultracentrifuge', p 5, Clarendon Press, Oxford 4Mahler, H R and Cordes, E H (1966) 'Biological Chemistry', p 43, Harper and Row, New York ~Marshall, A G (1978) 'Biophysical Chemistry', Chapter 7, Wiley and Sons, New York ~Freifelder, D (1982) 'Physical Biochemistry', second edition, p 363, Freeman, San Francisco
E n z y m e N o m e n c l a t u r e m T e x t b o o k Errors S K SINGLA
Department of Biochemistry Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana 141004, India
The books by Stryer I and Martin et al 2 contain several mistakes in the names of enzymes. The commonest mistake is in the use of 'synthetase' and 'synthase'. According to Rules 23 and 29 framed by the Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature, 3 'synthetase' is not to be used for enzymes other than the iigases (Main Class 6). Section A of Table 1 shows these errors, the pages where they appear in the book and the correct names with EC numbers. Another very common mistake is the direct attachment of '-ase' to the name of substrate for enzymes other than the hydrolases (Main Class 3). In column 2, section B, Table 1 are listed the enzymes which are not hydrolases and accordingly, should not be named as substrate-plus-'ase' (Rule 10). The correct names are Table
Filmstrip: M o n o c l o n a l A n t i b o d i e s by R J Mayer. (Filmstrip £12.83 or Slides £14.74). Philip Harris Biological Ltd, Weston-super-Mare, UK. 1984 This is a set of 20 frames accompanied by a booklet containing a few lines describing each slide. Seven of the frames are colour photographs of various laboratory operations, understandable to anyone familiar with the techniques, but possibly not so clear to the uninitiated. There are a few schematic diagrams to illustrate the steps in producing antibodies as well as their possible applications (including curing cancer!). The rest are micrographs. The style of the text is too superficial for a university course. For schools or technical colleges it would have been beneficial to supplement the laboratory photographs with diagrams showing the essential features of the equipment being used. Some actual, rather than hypothetical, illustrations of the uses of monoclonal antibodies could also have been offered. Overall, I felt that a teacher with £15 to spend on a teaching aid might find this something of a disappointment. John Kenny
given in column 4 of the same section. Hydroxylating enzymes were earlier placed in sub-group 1.99.1. After a better understanding of their mechanism, these are now called oxygenases and are placed in sub-classes 1.13 and 1.14. Section C of Table 1 lists such enzymes with the correct recommended names. Section D is a list of enzymes with miscellaneous errors in their names along with the correct names. In this section, several of the names used in the book are really not the names of individual enzymes; these indicate the kind of reaction catalysed. References t Stryer, L (1981) Biochemistry, 2nd edition, W H Freeman and Co, San Francisco 2 Martin, D W, Mayes, P A and Rodwell, V W (1983) Harper's Review of Biochemistry, 19th edition, Lange Medical publications, Maruzen Asia ~Enzyme Nomenclature, Recommendations (1978) of the Nomenclature Committee of the IUB on the nomenclature and classification of the enzymes (1979). Academic Press, New York, cited by Dixon, M and Webb, E C (1979) The Enzymes, 3rd edition, Longman Group Limited, London
1 Enzyme nomenclature mistakes with corrections Name of enzyme
Section A Thymidylate synthetase Triacylglycerol synthetase complex 8-aminolaevulinate synthetase Glycogen synthetase Lactose synlhetase Geranyl-pyrophosphate synthetase Squalene synthetase Phosphoribosyl-l-pyrophosphate synthetase A T P synthetase
Hydroxymethyl glutaryI-CoA synthetase Citrate synthetase
B I O C H E M I C A L E D U C A T I O N 15(2) 1987
Page
527 ~ 3532 4581 506 ~ 365 I 377 l 2412 2412 51g I 3562 1352 393 I 2851
Correct Name
EC Number
Thymidylate synthase
2.1.1.45
(i) Glycerophosphate acyltransferase (ii) Diacylglycerol acyltransferase 8-aminolaevulinate synthase Glycogen (starch) synthase Lactose synthase Dimethylallyltransferase Farnesyltransferase Ribosephosphate pyrophosphokinasc
2.3.1.15 2.3.1.20 2.3.1.37 2.4.1.11 2.4.1.22 2.5.1.1 2.5.1.21 2.7.6.1
Adenosinetriphosphat ase Hydroxymethyl glutaryl-CoA synthase Citrate(si)-synthase
3.6.1.3 4.1.3.5 4.1.3.7
73 Name of enzyme
Page
EC Number
Tryptophan synthase Cystathionine 13-synthase Uroporphyrinogen I synthase Asparagine synthetase Glutamine synthetase Argininosuccinate synthetase Carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase (ammonia)
4.2.1.20 4.2.1.22 4.3.1.8 6.3.1.1 6.3.1.2 6.3.4.5 6.3.4.16
Urate oxidase Catechol oxidase Flavoprotein-linked monoxygenase Monophenol monooxygenase Guanine deaminase Fumarate hydratase Aconitate hydratase Urocanate hydratase Histidine ammonia-lyase Argininosuccinate-lyase Adenylsuccinate-lyase Cystathionine -/-lyase
1.7.3.3 1.10.3.1 1.14.14.1 1.14.18.1 3.5.4.3 4.2.1.2 4.2.1.3 4.2.1.49 4.3.1.3 4.3.2.1 4.3.2.2 4.4.1.1
2892 2892 1871 2692 187 I 2692 1182 1182 478 l 490 l 2702 3142 2112 478 I 4982 478 l 4982
Homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase Proline, 2-oxoglutarate dioxygenase
1.13.11.5 1.13.11.27 1.14.11.2
Lysine, 2 oxoglutarate dioxygenase
1.14.11.4
25-hydroxycholecalciferol 1-monooxygenase Flavoprotein-linked monooxygenase Steroid- 11[3-monooxygenase Phenylalanine 4-monooxygenase
1.14.13.13 1.14.14.1 1.14.15.4 1.14.16.1
Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase Acyl-CoA desaturase Steroid 17c~-monooxygenase
1.14.16.2 1.14.99.5 1.14.99.9
Steroid 21-monooxygenase
1.14.99.10
Malic enzyme
2092
1.1.1.40
Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase Dihydrofolate reductase
Glutathione disulphide reductase (NAD(P)H) Guanidinoacetate methyltransferase Glycine amidinotransferase [Acyl-carrier-protein] acetyltransferase [Acyl-carrier-protein] malonyltransferase 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase Glutaminyl-peptide 3,-glutamyltransferase UDP galactose-collagen galactosyl transferase UDP glucose-collagen glucosyltransferase Orotate phosphoribosyltransferase Amidophosphoribosyltransferase Galactose 1-phosphate uridylyl transferase Glutamine-synthetase adenylyltransferase Gluconolactonase Fructose-biphosphate aldolase Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA-lyase Citrate(si)-synthase Carbonate dehydratase
t.6.4.2 2.1.1.2 2.1.4.1 2.3.1.38 2.3.1.39 2.3.1.41 2.3.2.13 2.4.1.50 2.4.1.66 2.4.2.10 2.4.2.14 2.7.7.10 2.7.7.42 3.1.1.17 4.1.2.13 4.1.3.4 4.1.3.7 4.2.1.1
Threonine deaminase b-aminolaevulinatedehydrase Homoserine deaminase
520 ~ 527 l 1102 525 I 3152 3152 398 I 398 l 392 174j 1871 187 I 52(1t 519 I 3791 503 I 337 l 262 l 393 I 892 79 ~ 432 500 t 506 l 2962
Malate dehydrogenase (Oxaloacetate-decarboxylating) (NADP ÷) Orotate reductase Tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase
4.2.1.16 4.2.1.24 4.4.1.1
Cyclase Aminoimidazole ribosylphosphate synthetase Glycinamide kinosynthetase Formylglycinamide ribosephosphate synthetase
468 t 3442 3442 3442
Threonine dehydratase Porphobilinogen-synthase Cystathionine--,/-lyase (see also deleted entry, 4.2.1.151 2,3-oxidosqualene lanosterol-cyclase Phosphoribosylaminoimidazolesynthetase Phosphoribosylglycinamidesynthetase Phosphoribosylformylglycinamidinesynthetase
Tryptophan synthetase Cystathionine synthetase Synthetase Asparagine synthase Glutamine synthase Argininosuccinicacid synthase Carbamoyl-phosphate synthase
4981 495 ~ 505 ~ 2672 2672 2802 2792
Correct Name
Section B
Uricase Phenolase Desmolase Tyrosinase Guanase Fumarase Aconitase Urocanase Histidase Argininosuccinase Adenylosuccinase Cystathioninase
532 j, 3512 1262 4761 3142 3512 2881 2851 2862 2862 2802 3462 495 t
Section C
Homogentisate oxidase p-Hydroxyphenyl pyruvate hydroxylase Prolyl hydroxylase Lysyl hydroxylase la-hydroxylase 24-hydroxylase and 25-hydroxylase 11-hydroxylase Phenylalanine hydroxylase Tyrosine hydroxylase Stearyl hydroxylase 17-Hydroxylase 21-Hydroxylase Section D
Glutathione reductase Guanidoacetatemethylferase Arginine-glycinetransamidinase AcetyI-CoA transacylase Malonyl-CoA transacylase Liver fatty acid synthase Transamidase Galactosyl transferase Glucosyl transferase Orotidylate pyrophosphorylase Glutamine PRPP amidotransferase Galactose- l-phosphate uridyltransferase Adenylyl transferase Lactonase Aldolase HydroxymethylglutaryI-CoA cleaving enzyme Citrate cleavage enzyme Carbonic anhydrase
BIOCHEMICAL EDUCATION 15(2) 1987
1.3.1.14 1.5.1.3
5.4.99.7 6.3.3.1 6.3.4.13 6.3.5.3