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EP 119. Neural correlates of attention allocation during episodic long-term memory encoding and retrieval
Abstracts / Clinical Neurophysiology 127 (2016) e210–e303 Turgeon M, Wing AM. Late onset of age-related difference in unpaced tapping with no age-related difference in phase-shift error detection and correction. Psychol Aging 2012;27:1152–63. Elbaz A et al. Motor function in the elderly: evidence for the reserve hypothesis. Neurology 2013;81:417–26. doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2016.05.160
EP 118. Can midday naps boost learning in older adults?— W. Backhaus *, H. Braaß, C. Gerloff, F. Hummel (Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Neurologie, Hamburg, Germany) ⇑
e291
Al-Sharman A, Siengsukon CF. Performance on a functional motor task is enhanced by sleep in middle-aged and older adults. J Neurol Phys Ther 2014;38:161–9. Tucker M, McKinley S, Stickgold R. Sleep optimizes motor skill in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 2011;59:603–9. Korman M, Dagan Y, Karni a. Nap it or leave it in the elderly: a nap after practice relaxes age-related limitations in procedural memory consolidation. Neurosci Lett 2015;606:173–6. Tamaki M, Shirota a, Tanaka H, Hayashi M, Hori T. Effects of a daytime nap in the aged. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 1999;53:273–5. Campbell SS, Stanchina MD, Schlang JR, Murphy PJ. Effects of a month-long napping regimen in older individuals. J Am Geriatr Soc 2011;59:224–32. doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2016.05.161
Corresponding author.
Background: Naps as well as a night of sleep were found to improve motor learning in young individuals (Doyon et al., 2009). The capacity of older adults to learn and stabilize motor memory traces (consolidation) during over-night sleep is limited (Pan and Rickard, 2015; Backhaus et al., 2015). However a small number of studies suggested sleep-dependent consolidation in healthy older adults, immediately after sleep (Gudberg et al., 2015; Al-Sharman and Siengsukon, 2014) or after a delayed period (Tucker et al., 2011; Korman et al., 2015). Research question: Can midday naps enhance motor learning in older adults? Methods: We evaluated the performance changes of a sample of thirty-three healthy older adults (60–82 years) by implementing a napping paradigm in a motor learning setup (sequence learning and motor adaption). The participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups; short nap group (a forty-five minutes nap opportunity, 10–20 min sleep), long nap group (ninety minutes nap opportunity, 50–80 min sleep) or a forty-five minutes period of wakefulness. Three learning sessions on two consecutive days were compared for both tasks with the repeated measures mixed model approach. Results: All older adults were able to improve their task performance in both tasks throughout all sessions. For sequence learning no differences between the nap groups could be found following the midday nap, nor after an extended period of consolidation, i.e. the following day. Similarly no significant differences between the groups could be found directly after the midday break when performing the motor adaptation task. However during the final block of the last session nappers performed significantly better (p = 0.023) than those adults staying awake. Conclusion: Although midday naps may have a great recuperative value (Tamaki et al., 1999; Campbell et al., 2011), these effects could not be projected on motor learning and subsequent motor performance directly after napping. Based on the current results we conclude that short daytime naps do not enhance the effects of motor learning and consolidation. Thus, deficits in consolidation apparent in older adults are not dependent of the duration of sleep but rather of the process of consolidation during sleep, which seems to be impaired in older adults. This work was supported by the Stiftung der Deutschen Wirtschaft providing a PhD Scholarship to W.B. W.B and F.C.H. hold a research grant from the Werner-Otto-Foundation (9/87). References Doyon J, Korman M, Morin A, et al. Contribution of night and day sleep vs. simple passage of time to the consolidation of motor sequence and visuomotor adaptation learning. Exp Brain Res 2009;195:15. Pan SC, Rickard TC. Sleep and motor learning: is there room for consolidation? Psychol Bull 2015. Backhaus W, Kempe S, Hummel F. The effect of sleep on motor learning in the aging and stroke population – A systematic review. Restor Neurol Neurosci 2015. Gudberg C, Wulff K, Johansen-Berg H. Sleep-dependent motor memory consolidation in older adults depends on task demands. Neurobiol Aging 2015;36:1409–16.
EP 119. Neural correlates of attention allocation during episodic long-term memory encoding and retrieval—T. Minarik *, B. Berger, P. Sauseng (Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Biological Psychology, Munich, Germany) ⇑
Corresponding author.
Directing mental resources, i.e. attention, to a relevant stimulus forms a critical part in the formation and retrieval of memory traces – be it in working memory (WM) or long-term memory (LTM). For the formation of episodic memories the relevant stimuli furthermore need to be processed in relation to each other and/or to their context. Research into the neural correlates of the allocation of attention in mnemonic processing has received increasing interest in the last few years. The EEG correlates of attention allocation to item and context information during episodic encoding, on the other hand, are not yet fully understood. We designed an episodic LTM EEG experiment where we examined the activity in and interactions of prefrontal and posterior cortical areas associated with WM and attention allocation as well as the binding of items and their context in episodic LTM encoding and retrieval. Participants saw a background picture of mountain scenes and a word in a central position on a computer screen and were instructed to memorise either the picture, the word, both individually or both and that they were presented together. Here, we will present evidence indicating that the manipulation of the distribution of attentional resources to the different stimuli and their relation led to differences in the performance on a later LTM recognition test. Furthermore, we will present EEG oscillatory correlates – on scalp as well as source level – for the different encoding strategies highlighting activity representing the binding of an item and its context in episodic memory encoding as well as retrieval. Interactions between various cortical areas will be discussed in terms of phase coupling within circumscribed frequency bands. doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2016.05.162
EP 121. Motor sequence learning in patients with limb apraxia – The effects of long-term training—S. Reitze a,*, M. Heisterüber a, A. Karni b, C. Gal b, J. Doyon c, B.R. King c,d, J. Classen e, J.- J. Rumpf e, G. Buccino f, J. Klann a, F. Binkofski a (a University Hospital – RWTH Aachen University, Department of Neurology – Section Clinical Cognition Sciences, Aachen, Germany, b University of Haifa, Department of Neurobiology, Haifa, Israel, c Université de Montréal, Unité de Neuroimagerie Fonctionnelle, Montreal, Canada, d KU Leuven, Department of Kinesiology, Leuven, Belgium, e University of Leipzig, Department of Neurology, Leipzig, Germany, f Universita Magna Graecia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Catanzaro, Italy) ⇑
Corresponding author.
EP 118. Can midday naps boost learning in older adults?— W. Backhaus *, H. Braaß, C. Gerloff, F. Hummel (Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Neurologie, Hamburg, Germany) ⇑
e291
Al-Sharman A, Siengsukon CF. Performance on a functional motor task is enhanced by sleep in middle-aged and older adults. J Neurol Phys Ther 2014;38:161–9. Tucker M, McKinley S, Stickgold R. Sleep optimizes motor skill in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 2011;59:603–9. Korman M, Dagan Y, Karni a. Nap it or leave it in the elderly: a nap after practice relaxes age-related limitations in procedural memory consolidation. Neurosci Lett 2015;606:173–6. Tamaki M, Shirota a, Tanaka H, Hayashi M, Hori T. Effects of a daytime nap in the aged. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 1999;53:273–5. Campbell SS, Stanchina MD, Schlang JR, Murphy PJ. Effects of a month-long napping regimen in older individuals. J Am Geriatr Soc 2011;59:224–32. doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2016.05.161
Corresponding author.
Background: Naps as well as a night of sleep were found to improve motor learning in young individuals (Doyon et al., 2009). The capacity of older adults to learn and stabilize motor memory traces (consolidation) during over-night sleep is limited (Pan and Rickard, 2015; Backhaus et al., 2015). However a small number of studies suggested sleep-dependent consolidation in healthy older adults, immediately after sleep (Gudberg et al., 2015; Al-Sharman and Siengsukon, 2014) or after a delayed period (Tucker et al., 2011; Korman et al., 2015). Research question: Can midday naps enhance motor learning in older adults? Methods: We evaluated the performance changes of a sample of thirty-three healthy older adults (60–82 years) by implementing a napping paradigm in a motor learning setup (sequence learning and motor adaption). The participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups; short nap group (a forty-five minutes nap opportunity, 10–20 min sleep), long nap group (ninety minutes nap opportunity, 50–80 min sleep) or a forty-five minutes period of wakefulness. Three learning sessions on two consecutive days were compared for both tasks with the repeated measures mixed model approach. Results: All older adults were able to improve their task performance in both tasks throughout all sessions. For sequence learning no differences between the nap groups could be found following the midday nap, nor after an extended period of consolidation, i.e. the following day. Similarly no significant differences between the groups could be found directly after the midday break when performing the motor adaptation task. However during the final block of the last session nappers performed significantly better (p = 0.023) than those adults staying awake. Conclusion: Although midday naps may have a great recuperative value (Tamaki et al., 1999; Campbell et al., 2011), these effects could not be projected on motor learning and subsequent motor performance directly after napping. Based on the current results we conclude that short daytime naps do not enhance the effects of motor learning and consolidation. Thus, deficits in consolidation apparent in older adults are not dependent of the duration of sleep but rather of the process of consolidation during sleep, which seems to be impaired in older adults. This work was supported by the Stiftung der Deutschen Wirtschaft providing a PhD Scholarship to W.B. W.B and F.C.H. hold a research grant from the Werner-Otto-Foundation (9/87). References Doyon J, Korman M, Morin A, et al. Contribution of night and day sleep vs. simple passage of time to the consolidation of motor sequence and visuomotor adaptation learning. Exp Brain Res 2009;195:15. Pan SC, Rickard TC. Sleep and motor learning: is there room for consolidation? Psychol Bull 2015. Backhaus W, Kempe S, Hummel F. The effect of sleep on motor learning in the aging and stroke population – A systematic review. Restor Neurol Neurosci 2015. Gudberg C, Wulff K, Johansen-Berg H. Sleep-dependent motor memory consolidation in older adults depends on task demands. Neurobiol Aging 2015;36:1409–16.
EP 119. Neural correlates of attention allocation during episodic long-term memory encoding and retrieval—T. Minarik *, B. Berger, P. Sauseng (Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Biological Psychology, Munich, Germany) ⇑
Corresponding author.
Directing mental resources, i.e. attention, to a relevant stimulus forms a critical part in the formation and retrieval of memory traces – be it in working memory (WM) or long-term memory (LTM). For the formation of episodic memories the relevant stimuli furthermore need to be processed in relation to each other and/or to their context. Research into the neural correlates of the allocation of attention in mnemonic processing has received increasing interest in the last few years. The EEG correlates of attention allocation to item and context information during episodic encoding, on the other hand, are not yet fully understood. We designed an episodic LTM EEG experiment where we examined the activity in and interactions of prefrontal and posterior cortical areas associated with WM and attention allocation as well as the binding of items and their context in episodic LTM encoding and retrieval. Participants saw a background picture of mountain scenes and a word in a central position on a computer screen and were instructed to memorise either the picture, the word, both individually or both and that they were presented together. Here, we will present evidence indicating that the manipulation of the distribution of attentional resources to the different stimuli and their relation led to differences in the performance on a later LTM recognition test. Furthermore, we will present EEG oscillatory correlates – on scalp as well as source level – for the different encoding strategies highlighting activity representing the binding of an item and its context in episodic memory encoding as well as retrieval. Interactions between various cortical areas will be discussed in terms of phase coupling within circumscribed frequency bands. doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2016.05.162
EP 121. Motor sequence learning in patients with limb apraxia – The effects of long-term training—S. Reitze a,*, M. Heisterüber a, A. Karni b, C. Gal b, J. Doyon c, B.R. King c,d, J. Classen e, J.- J. Rumpf e, G. Buccino f, J. Klann a, F. Binkofski a (a University Hospital – RWTH Aachen University, Department of Neurology – Section Clinical Cognition Sciences, Aachen, Germany, b University of Haifa, Department of Neurobiology, Haifa, Israel, c Université de Montréal, Unité de Neuroimagerie Fonctionnelle, Montreal, Canada, d KU Leuven, Department of Kinesiology, Leuven, Belgium, e University of Leipzig, Department of Neurology, Leipzig, Germany, f Universita Magna Graecia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Catanzaro, Italy) ⇑
Corresponding author.