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Epidemiology, clinical features, and prognostic factors of paediatric HIV infection
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Citations from the Literature
silicone granulomas developed in one. Five palpable masses developed, three of which were malignant; four masses were in breasts augmented with a re-troglandular prosthesis, and they could not be detected with mammography. The mass that developed in a women with a subpectoral prosthesis could be seen at marmnography. The only nonpalpable malignancy detected with mammography was in a breast with a retrograndular prosthesis and contained microcalcifications. The authors conclude that in women with retrograndular prostheses, masses may often be obscured on mammograms by compressed, dense glandular tissue.
HIV INFECTION Epidemiology, clinical features, and prognostic factors of paediatric HIV infection Tovo PA, De Martin0 M; Caramia G; Armenio L; Schettini F; De Mattia D; Chiodo F; Masi M; Trombacco MG; Zaniboni MG, Duse M; Vertua G; Quarta G, Cao A; Dessi C; Di Gregorio F; Bezzi T; Cocchi P; Calabri 0; et al Istituto di Clinica Pediatrica, 10126 Torino; Italy Lancet/2/8619(1043--1046)/1988/ 486 children born to HIV-positive mothers, 57 children infected by blood products. and 1 child for whom the personal history was not available were studied. Perlnatal infection had a more varied clinical picture and a worse outcome compared with infection acquired later in childhood. Severe secondary infections, neurological disorders, and hepatitis (but not lymphoid interstitial pneumonia) were linked to a high mortality rate in perinatally infected children, in whom an early onset
Int J Gynecol Obstet 29
of symptoms was also a bad prognostic factor. Perinatal HIV infection occurred in 32.6% of children born to seropositive mothers, with a higher transmission rate in children born by vaginal delivery, and then breast-fed. Preterm delivery and low birthweight seemed to be related to drug abuse during pregnancy, not to intrauterine HIV infection. Girls had a higher rate of perinatal infection and, of those infected, had an increased mortality. Morphological aspects of the placenta in HIV pregnancies Jauniaux E; Nessmann C; Imbert MC; Meuris S; Puissant F; Hustin J Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Clinique Universitaire Erasme, Free University of Brussels, Brussek; Belgium Placenta/9/6 (633-642)/1988/ Forty-nine placentae from HIV-seropositive mothers were collected in various hospitals in France and Belgium. Twentynine placentae with seven fetuses from interrupted pregnancies and 30 placentae from spontaneous deliveries, including two stillboms and a set of twins, were studied morphologically. No significant abnormalities were observed in the aborted material. The placentae corresponding to deliveries presented no significant gross abnormalities but the ratio of fetal to placental weight was significantly decreased in the study group compared with the control group (6.13 versus 7.41; P < O.OOl), associated with a congestive and mature aspect of the parenchyma. Histologically a high incidence of chorioamnionitis (43 percent) was found, contrasting with the absence of villitis. A relative villous hypercelhdarity was observed in the study group compared with the control group. Ultrastructural studies of 13 placentae corresponding to gestations of 10 to 40 weeks are presented. In six cases, retrovirus-like particles were found at various sites, such as villous fibroblasts, syncytiotrophoblast and endothelial cells, and in the free membranes.
Citations from the Literature
silicone granulomas developed in one. Five palpable masses developed, three of which were malignant; four masses were in breasts augmented with a re-troglandular prosthesis, and they could not be detected with mammography. The mass that developed in a women with a subpectoral prosthesis could be seen at marmnography. The only nonpalpable malignancy detected with mammography was in a breast with a retrograndular prosthesis and contained microcalcifications. The authors conclude that in women with retrograndular prostheses, masses may often be obscured on mammograms by compressed, dense glandular tissue.
HIV INFECTION Epidemiology, clinical features, and prognostic factors of paediatric HIV infection Tovo PA, De Martin0 M; Caramia G; Armenio L; Schettini F; De Mattia D; Chiodo F; Masi M; Trombacco MG; Zaniboni MG, Duse M; Vertua G; Quarta G, Cao A; Dessi C; Di Gregorio F; Bezzi T; Cocchi P; Calabri 0; et al Istituto di Clinica Pediatrica, 10126 Torino; Italy Lancet/2/8619(1043--1046)/1988/ 486 children born to HIV-positive mothers, 57 children infected by blood products. and 1 child for whom the personal history was not available were studied. Perlnatal infection had a more varied clinical picture and a worse outcome compared with infection acquired later in childhood. Severe secondary infections, neurological disorders, and hepatitis (but not lymphoid interstitial pneumonia) were linked to a high mortality rate in perinatally infected children, in whom an early onset
Int J Gynecol Obstet 29
of symptoms was also a bad prognostic factor. Perinatal HIV infection occurred in 32.6% of children born to seropositive mothers, with a higher transmission rate in children born by vaginal delivery, and then breast-fed. Preterm delivery and low birthweight seemed to be related to drug abuse during pregnancy, not to intrauterine HIV infection. Girls had a higher rate of perinatal infection and, of those infected, had an increased mortality. Morphological aspects of the placenta in HIV pregnancies Jauniaux E; Nessmann C; Imbert MC; Meuris S; Puissant F; Hustin J Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Clinique Universitaire Erasme, Free University of Brussels, Brussek; Belgium Placenta/9/6 (633-642)/1988/ Forty-nine placentae from HIV-seropositive mothers were collected in various hospitals in France and Belgium. Twentynine placentae with seven fetuses from interrupted pregnancies and 30 placentae from spontaneous deliveries, including two stillboms and a set of twins, were studied morphologically. No significant abnormalities were observed in the aborted material. The placentae corresponding to deliveries presented no significant gross abnormalities but the ratio of fetal to placental weight was significantly decreased in the study group compared with the control group (6.13 versus 7.41; P < O.OOl), associated with a congestive and mature aspect of the parenchyma. Histologically a high incidence of chorioamnionitis (43 percent) was found, contrasting with the absence of villitis. A relative villous hypercelhdarity was observed in the study group compared with the control group. Ultrastructural studies of 13 placentae corresponding to gestations of 10 to 40 weeks are presented. In six cases, retrovirus-like particles were found at various sites, such as villous fibroblasts, syncytiotrophoblast and endothelial cells, and in the free membranes.