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Equivalent continuum for large scale modeling of rock masses: an alternative approach
146A predictions with field measurements for the cases of flexible and rigid vertical retaining walls and a flexible long-span culvert.
864159 ~ lmama by Ifadamn filter Hoshiya, M; Saito, E J C~o~ecA E ~ Di~ ASCE VII2, N2, Feb 1986;P155-169 A simple analytical approach is presented for evaluating seismic influences on liquefaction and progressive pore water pressure by using the equivalent linearisation law based on the extended Kalman filter and weighted global iteration (EKWGI) method. Numerical results correspond well with those from the nonlinear effective stress analysis for the dynamic response of saturated sands developed by Finn et al (1977), yet fewer parameters are required.
86416O Tmmiflomd ~ ~ for day Banerjee, S; Pan, Y W J G¢oteek ~ Di~ ASCE VII2. N2, Feb 1986, P170-186 An approach is presented for analytical modelling of the full range of material behaviour of normally consofidated to heavily overconsolidated clays. The approach has the capability of describing both drained and undrained, path dependent inviscid response under static and cyclic loads. The modified Camclay form of the yield surface is allowed to expand or contract depending on the loading history. Numerical experiments and comparisons with experimental rmults show that various loaddeformation responses including strain hardening, strain softening, dilation and hysteresis effects can be modelled. Auth.
864161
skCm~ m,,~
mmm~ h r ~ m d , ~
rod,m,m
Brummer, R K In: Researek u d F,sg,iacceiM A ~ ia Rock Mm,~s (~ to the 26¢k US S ~ oa Ro~ M ~ s , R~ City, 26-28 Jm¢ 1985) VI, P113-120. Publ Rotterdam: A. A. Balkema, 1985 This simplified model of fractured rock is based on the boundary element and rigid block methods and predicts stre,,Ks and strains which agree well with those observed at the stope face. The wedge concept used to idealize fractured rock is justified by many in situ observations. The simplicity of the analysis allows it to be easily incorporated into three dimensional boundary element codes. Mining layouts may he designed whilst reafistically accounting for the manner in which the highly stressed rock fractures and deforms, and the size of the fractured zone may be estimated.
864162 Fal~aitl ~
for large meale mediating of rock mama:
Detournay, E; St. John, C ira: R , m w ~ a~l ~ ~ is ~ Masse: (~orr to t ~ 2f,tA US ~ m ~ M ~ , lt~ City, 26-28 Jsm¢ 19~5) V1, P131.138. Publ Rotterdam: ,4. A. Balkema, 1985 An alternative approach to the large scale motiving of rock masses is proposed, which avoids making potentially invalid assumptions concerning the constitutive bchaviour of the rock at the large scale.It may be implemented using any nonlimmr
finite element code which does not require reformulation of the stiffness matrix. There are two levels of definition of the rock mass - a global level corresponding to the continuum and a macroscopic level at which inhomogeneities or discontinuities may be treated. This method will require substantial computer resources, but this is not considered to be a major drawback.
864163 Salt ~ on ddeme I~Mevel waste packages Nelson, D P; Fossum, A F In: Restarcb asui Eqiaeetiag A~Piicatio~ ia Rock Mimes (paper to the 26th US Symposimm on Rock Meckaldcs, Rapid City, 26-28 JuRe 1985) VI, P251-258. Publ Rotterdam: A. ,4. Balkema, 1985 The stress distribution around high level waste canisters in boreholes in rock salt is affected by thermal expansion and creep of the salt. The induced loading falls largely on the overpack, a thick walled pressure vessel which acts as primary structural reinforcement to the pressure vessel. Finite element analysis shows that the pressure is strongly dependent on whether or not an air gap exists between the waste package and the surrounding salt. Ultimate radial pressures are much lower if an air gap is present.
864164 c o m m m i ~ m ~ k ~ q of rodt join ~mb ~]atioa Plesha, M E la: Resmrck ~ d F.qbw.eriq Apl~iC~i~. im Rock Masses (paper to the 26tA U S S ~ m Rock M ~ , RapOl City, 26-28 Jtme 1985) VI, P387-394. Pub! Rotterdam: A. A. Balkema, 1985 The behaviour of rock masses is often controlled by the nature and distribution of the discontinuities. Separation of rock joint surfaces on joint sliding, due to the inherent rouOmess and close initial mating, is a cause of dilatancy in jointed rocks. A joint constitutive model is proposed, which is based on a plasticity type formulation and can explain joint bchaviour such as dilatancy and asperity shearing. It is simple and well suited for use in mathematical models. An example demonstrating its qualitative agreement with observed heimviour is presented.
864165 C ~
~ ~ m
of iaheratzO m e m - m ' ~ ~
~
a
m~en
Labreche, D A ll: l ~ ad ~ ~ m Rock Masts (paper to the 26tA US $ ~ ~/toe.k M ~ , / r ~ City, 26-28 J m 1985) Vl, P515-522, Publ Rotterdam: A. ,4. 8aikema. 1985 A model of d~ontinuous rock is proposed where the joints have normal and shear compliance and the joint model is elastic. requiring no yield criterion. It is incorpo~t_~_ into the SPECTROM-31 finite element code and used to model the stress-strain behaviour of ~ in laboratory trinxinl testing. Introducing compliant joints reduces the effective Young's modulus of the matrix, but not to the valu~ observed in laboratory tats. The input paranam~ and model deficiencies causing this difference are diacusmd ami the primary refinemerit required is concluded to be the sdditlon of plasticityto the normal and shear response of a joint,
© 1986 Pergamon Journals Ltd. Reproduction not permitted
864159 ~ lmama by Ifadamn filter Hoshiya, M; Saito, E J C~o~ecA E ~ Di~ ASCE VII2, N2, Feb 1986;P155-169 A simple analytical approach is presented for evaluating seismic influences on liquefaction and progressive pore water pressure by using the equivalent linearisation law based on the extended Kalman filter and weighted global iteration (EKWGI) method. Numerical results correspond well with those from the nonlinear effective stress analysis for the dynamic response of saturated sands developed by Finn et al (1977), yet fewer parameters are required.
86416O Tmmiflomd ~ ~ for day Banerjee, S; Pan, Y W J G¢oteek ~ Di~ ASCE VII2. N2, Feb 1986, P170-186 An approach is presented for analytical modelling of the full range of material behaviour of normally consofidated to heavily overconsolidated clays. The approach has the capability of describing both drained and undrained, path dependent inviscid response under static and cyclic loads. The modified Camclay form of the yield surface is allowed to expand or contract depending on the loading history. Numerical experiments and comparisons with experimental rmults show that various loaddeformation responses including strain hardening, strain softening, dilation and hysteresis effects can be modelled. Auth.
864161
skCm~ m,,~
mmm~ h r ~ m d , ~
rod,m,m
Brummer, R K In: Researek u d F,sg,iacceiM A ~ ia Rock Mm,~s (~ to the 26¢k US S ~ oa Ro~ M ~ s , R~ City, 26-28 Jm¢ 1985) VI, P113-120. Publ Rotterdam: A. A. Balkema, 1985 This simplified model of fractured rock is based on the boundary element and rigid block methods and predicts stre,,Ks and strains which agree well with those observed at the stope face. The wedge concept used to idealize fractured rock is justified by many in situ observations. The simplicity of the analysis allows it to be easily incorporated into three dimensional boundary element codes. Mining layouts may he designed whilst reafistically accounting for the manner in which the highly stressed rock fractures and deforms, and the size of the fractured zone may be estimated.
864162 Fal~aitl ~
for large meale mediating of rock mama:
Detournay, E; St. John, C ira: R , m w ~ a~l ~ ~ is ~ Masse: (~orr to t ~ 2f,tA US ~ m ~ M ~ , lt~ City, 26-28 Jsm¢ 19~5) V1, P131.138. Publ Rotterdam: ,4. A. Balkema, 1985 An alternative approach to the large scale motiving of rock masses is proposed, which avoids making potentially invalid assumptions concerning the constitutive bchaviour of the rock at the large scale.It may be implemented using any nonlimmr
finite element code which does not require reformulation of the stiffness matrix. There are two levels of definition of the rock mass - a global level corresponding to the continuum and a macroscopic level at which inhomogeneities or discontinuities may be treated. This method will require substantial computer resources, but this is not considered to be a major drawback.
864163 Salt ~ on ddeme I~Mevel waste packages Nelson, D P; Fossum, A F In: Restarcb asui Eqiaeetiag A~Piicatio~ ia Rock Mimes (paper to the 26th US Symposimm on Rock Meckaldcs, Rapid City, 26-28 JuRe 1985) VI, P251-258. Publ Rotterdam: A. ,4. Balkema, 1985 The stress distribution around high level waste canisters in boreholes in rock salt is affected by thermal expansion and creep of the salt. The induced loading falls largely on the overpack, a thick walled pressure vessel which acts as primary structural reinforcement to the pressure vessel. Finite element analysis shows that the pressure is strongly dependent on whether or not an air gap exists between the waste package and the surrounding salt. Ultimate radial pressures are much lower if an air gap is present.
864164 c o m m m i ~ m ~ k ~ q of rodt join ~mb ~]atioa Plesha, M E la: Resmrck ~ d F.qbw.eriq Apl~iC~i~. im Rock Masses (paper to the 26tA U S S ~ m Rock M ~ , RapOl City, 26-28 Jtme 1985) VI, P387-394. Pub! Rotterdam: A. A. Balkema, 1985 The behaviour of rock masses is often controlled by the nature and distribution of the discontinuities. Separation of rock joint surfaces on joint sliding, due to the inherent rouOmess and close initial mating, is a cause of dilatancy in jointed rocks. A joint constitutive model is proposed, which is based on a plasticity type formulation and can explain joint bchaviour such as dilatancy and asperity shearing. It is simple and well suited for use in mathematical models. An example demonstrating its qualitative agreement with observed heimviour is presented.
864165 C ~
~ ~ m
of iaheratzO m e m - m ' ~ ~
~
a
m~en
Labreche, D A ll: l ~ ad ~ ~ m Rock Masts (paper to the 26tA US $ ~ ~/toe.k M ~ , / r ~ City, 26-28 J m 1985) Vl, P515-522, Publ Rotterdam: A. ,4. 8aikema. 1985 A model of d~ontinuous rock is proposed where the joints have normal and shear compliance and the joint model is elastic. requiring no yield criterion. It is incorpo~t_~_ into the SPECTROM-31 finite element code and used to model the stress-strain behaviour of ~ in laboratory trinxinl testing. Introducing compliant joints reduces the effective Young's modulus of the matrix, but not to the valu~ observed in laboratory tats. The input paranam~ and model deficiencies causing this difference are diacusmd ami the primary refinemerit required is concluded to be the sdditlon of plasticityto the normal and shear response of a joint,
© 1986 Pergamon Journals Ltd. Reproduction not permitted