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Evaluation of Early vs Late Tracheostomy Outcomes in Different Subpopulations of Critically Ill Patients
October 2010, Vol 138, No. 4_MeetingAbstracts Slide Presentations: Tuesday, November 2, 2010 | October 2010
Evaluation of Early vs Late Tracheostomy Outcomes in Different Subpopulations of Critically Ill Patients Talia K. Ben-Jacob, MD; Benjamin A. Hagendorf, MD; Krystal M. Hunter, MBA; Christa Schorr, RN; John Safaryn, MD; Steven E. Ross, MD; Sergio L. Zanotti-Cavazzoni, MD Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ Chest. 2010;138(4_MeetingAbstracts):787A. doi:10.1378/chest.10273 Abstract PURPOSE: Tracheostomy is a commonly performed procedure in critically ill patients requiring prolonged ventilatory support. The objective of this study was to evaluate outcome differences between different sub-populations of critically ill patients who received an early or late tracheostomy. METHODS: All critically ill patients who received a tracheostomy and were enrolled in Cooper Hospital's Project Impact database were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups: Early (7 days or less after endotracheal intubation) and Late (8 days or greater). The patients were then subdivided based on principal admitting diagnosis: Post-Operative (PO), Head Trauma (HT), Multisystem Trauma (MT), Sepsis, Respiratory Distress (RD) and Medical/Non-Surgical Disease (MND). Comparative analysis was performed. RESULTS: We identified 1202 patients who received tracheostomies (347 early, 855 late). The Early group was comprised of: 1 PO, 62 HT, 29 MT, 15 Sepsis, 75 RD, 165 MND. The Late group consisted of: 25 PO, 89 HT, 95 MT, 113 Sepsis, 163 RD, 370 MND. Mortality was found to be lower in the MND patients that received early tracheosotmies (p<0.001). Early and late tracheostomy did not influence functional status at discharge or discharge to a chronic ventilator facility in any group. Late tracheostomy was associated with more instances of ventilator assisted pneumonia in the RD (p=0.023) and MND (p=0.001) patients. All patients who underwent early tracheostomy had fewer ventilator days (p<0.001) and shorter length of stay (LOS) in the ICU (p<0.001). Hospital LOS was shorter in patients who received early tracheostomy in the Sepsis, RD and MND groups (p=0.01). Complication rates were significantly higher in patients who received late tracheostomy in the Sepsis (p=0.04) and MND group (p=0.04). CONCLUSION: Early tracheostomy was associated with fewer days of mechanical ventilation, shorter LOS in the ICU and hospital and is more beneficial overall in Septic, MND, and RD patients. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Future prospective studies evaluating timing of tracheostomy should account for individual subpopulations of critically ill patients. DISCLOSURE: Talia Ben-Jacob, No Financial Disclosure Information; No Product/Research Disclosure Information 08:00 AM - 09:15 AM
Evaluation of Early vs Late Tracheostomy Outcomes in Different Subpopulations of Critically Ill Patients Talia K. Ben-Jacob, MD; Benjamin A. Hagendorf, MD; Krystal M. Hunter, MBA; Christa Schorr, RN; John Safaryn, MD; Steven E. Ross, MD; Sergio L. Zanotti-Cavazzoni, MD Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ Chest. 2010;138(4_MeetingAbstracts):787A. doi:10.1378/chest.10273 Abstract PURPOSE: Tracheostomy is a commonly performed procedure in critically ill patients requiring prolonged ventilatory support. The objective of this study was to evaluate outcome differences between different sub-populations of critically ill patients who received an early or late tracheostomy. METHODS: All critically ill patients who received a tracheostomy and were enrolled in Cooper Hospital's Project Impact database were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups: Early (7 days or less after endotracheal intubation) and Late (8 days or greater). The patients were then subdivided based on principal admitting diagnosis: Post-Operative (PO), Head Trauma (HT), Multisystem Trauma (MT), Sepsis, Respiratory Distress (RD) and Medical/Non-Surgical Disease (MND). Comparative analysis was performed. RESULTS: We identified 1202 patients who received tracheostomies (347 early, 855 late). The Early group was comprised of: 1 PO, 62 HT, 29 MT, 15 Sepsis, 75 RD, 165 MND. The Late group consisted of: 25 PO, 89 HT, 95 MT, 113 Sepsis, 163 RD, 370 MND. Mortality was found to be lower in the MND patients that received early tracheosotmies (p<0.001). Early and late tracheostomy did not influence functional status at discharge or discharge to a chronic ventilator facility in any group. Late tracheostomy was associated with more instances of ventilator assisted pneumonia in the RD (p=0.023) and MND (p=0.001) patients. All patients who underwent early tracheostomy had fewer ventilator days (p<0.001) and shorter length of stay (LOS) in the ICU (p<0.001). Hospital LOS was shorter in patients who received early tracheostomy in the Sepsis, RD and MND groups (p=0.01). Complication rates were significantly higher in patients who received late tracheostomy in the Sepsis (p=0.04) and MND group (p=0.04). CONCLUSION: Early tracheostomy was associated with fewer days of mechanical ventilation, shorter LOS in the ICU and hospital and is more beneficial overall in Septic, MND, and RD patients. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Future prospective studies evaluating timing of tracheostomy should account for individual subpopulations of critically ill patients. DISCLOSURE: Talia Ben-Jacob, No Financial Disclosure Information; No Product/Research Disclosure Information 08:00 AM - 09:15 AM