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Evaluation of relative wettability of carbon fibres
Abstracts Of journals Prepared by P. Curtis, K. Phillips, P. Manders and 7-. Feest
CARBON MA TRICES
Biomedical applications of carbon fibre reinforced carbon in implanted prostheses Jenkins, G.M. and De Carvalho, F.X. Carbon Vol 15 1977pp 33-37 Unidirectional carbon fibre-reinforced carbon rods have been fabricated by a method involving successive impregnations of carbon fibres with a phenolic resin, each impregnation being followed by a heat treatment. Two applications of these rods are described; (i) as pins for bone stretching where the rapid tissue in growth and good tissue adhesion without inflamation or rejection are an advantage over similar metal components, and (ii) as retaining pins for an all-carbon heart valve disc which exploits the low probability of carbon inducing blood clotting (thromboembolism).
monomer, which was then polymerised thermally using a free radical initiation. The results of compressive and flexural tests on these composites are presented and the fracture behaviour is examined by scanning electron microscopy.
effective in demonstrating a concentric three zone skin/sheath/core structure. Both transverse and longitudinal sections of fibres subjected to different heat treatment temperatures and oxidation times are examined, and a mechanism is proposed to explain the etching phenomenon.
CERAMIC MA TRICES
Evaluation of relative wettability of carbon fibres Aggarwal, R.K. Carbon Vo115 (1977) pp 291-293 A theory is deveolped which relates wicking rate of a liquid into a fibre bundle to contact angle, and is then applied to experimental data for two pan-based carbon fibres of different origin. Relative contact angles are obtained for the furfuryl alcohol impregnant on the two fibre types.
Effect of SiC content and orientation on the properties of Si/SiC ceramic composites Mehan, R.L. Journal of Materials Science Vol 13No 2 1978 pp 358-366 Silicon/silicon carbide ceramic composites were made by infiltrating carbonaceous material with liquid silicon to form SiC crystallites dispersed in a silicon matrix. The variation of density, elastic modulus, strength and fracture toughness is reported as a function of the volume fraction and distribution of the SiC.
CEMENT MA TRICES
GENERA L
Explosive testing of fibre reinforced concrete Robins, P.J. and Calderwood, R.W. Concrete Vo112 No 1 January 1978 pp 26-28 Concrete slabs reinforced with steel and polypropylene fibres were subjected to explosive tests using a high speed cine camera to record the damage. The degree of spalling is significantly reduced by the presence of fibres and the polypropylene fibres are particularly effective in retaining the concrete fragments.
Anisotropic photoelasticity with application to composites Hahn, H.T. and Morris, D.H. Fibre Science and Technology Vo111 No 2 (March 19 78) pp 113-125 A formulation of photoelasticity equations for composite materials using the refraction tensor is presented. A distinction is made between optical behaviour and elastic behaviour in the derivation of the equations. The paper also discusses the additive property of the refraction tensor, analysis of residual fringes, derivation of stressproportioning models and symmetry of stress/optic and strain/optic relations for composites.
Fracture morphology and mechanical properties of thermocatalytically polymerised MMA-impregnated mortar Munoz-Escalona, A. and Ramos, C. Journal o f Materials Science Vol 13 No 2 1978 pp 301-310 Mortar mixes with different water/ cement ratios and consistencies were impregnated with methyl-methacrylate
COMPOSITES. OCTOBER 1978
Carbon fibre structure by electrolytic etching Manders, P.W. Nature Vo1271 (12th January 1978)pp 142-143 An electrolytic oxidation etching technique employing a 2 M sulphuric acid bath is described and shown to be
High temperature compatability of carbon fibres with nickel Warren, R., Anderson, C.H. and Carlsson, M. Journal of Materials Science Fo113 No 1 (1978) pp 178-188 The elevated temperature degradation of nickel coated carbon fibres is shown to be independent of the nickel coating process. Resistance to recrystallisation is however related to the fibre type and increases in the order HTS-panbased, HM-pan-based and HM-rayonbased. Recrystallisation of HTS fibres can be explained by a simple diffusion controlled dissolution and reprecipitation model. The HM fibres behaviour suggests a stable surface layer between 0.1 and 0.5/am thick, but it is sensitive to the presence of air during heat-treatment. The influence of fibre discontinuities on the stress-strain behaviour of composites Schultrich, B., Pompe, W. and Weiss, H.-J. Fibre Science and Technology Vo111 No 1 (January 1978) pp 1-18 By considering a short fibre-reinforced composite in terms of regular arrays of plates in a ductile matrix, attempts are made to calculate the stress/strain curve for the material. Other
283
CARBON MA TRICES
Biomedical applications of carbon fibre reinforced carbon in implanted prostheses Jenkins, G.M. and De Carvalho, F.X. Carbon Vol 15 1977pp 33-37 Unidirectional carbon fibre-reinforced carbon rods have been fabricated by a method involving successive impregnations of carbon fibres with a phenolic resin, each impregnation being followed by a heat treatment. Two applications of these rods are described; (i) as pins for bone stretching where the rapid tissue in growth and good tissue adhesion without inflamation or rejection are an advantage over similar metal components, and (ii) as retaining pins for an all-carbon heart valve disc which exploits the low probability of carbon inducing blood clotting (thromboembolism).
monomer, which was then polymerised thermally using a free radical initiation. The results of compressive and flexural tests on these composites are presented and the fracture behaviour is examined by scanning electron microscopy.
effective in demonstrating a concentric three zone skin/sheath/core structure. Both transverse and longitudinal sections of fibres subjected to different heat treatment temperatures and oxidation times are examined, and a mechanism is proposed to explain the etching phenomenon.
CERAMIC MA TRICES
Evaluation of relative wettability of carbon fibres Aggarwal, R.K. Carbon Vo115 (1977) pp 291-293 A theory is deveolped which relates wicking rate of a liquid into a fibre bundle to contact angle, and is then applied to experimental data for two pan-based carbon fibres of different origin. Relative contact angles are obtained for the furfuryl alcohol impregnant on the two fibre types.
Effect of SiC content and orientation on the properties of Si/SiC ceramic composites Mehan, R.L. Journal of Materials Science Vol 13No 2 1978 pp 358-366 Silicon/silicon carbide ceramic composites were made by infiltrating carbonaceous material with liquid silicon to form SiC crystallites dispersed in a silicon matrix. The variation of density, elastic modulus, strength and fracture toughness is reported as a function of the volume fraction and distribution of the SiC.
CEMENT MA TRICES
GENERA L
Explosive testing of fibre reinforced concrete Robins, P.J. and Calderwood, R.W. Concrete Vo112 No 1 January 1978 pp 26-28 Concrete slabs reinforced with steel and polypropylene fibres were subjected to explosive tests using a high speed cine camera to record the damage. The degree of spalling is significantly reduced by the presence of fibres and the polypropylene fibres are particularly effective in retaining the concrete fragments.
Anisotropic photoelasticity with application to composites Hahn, H.T. and Morris, D.H. Fibre Science and Technology Vo111 No 2 (March 19 78) pp 113-125 A formulation of photoelasticity equations for composite materials using the refraction tensor is presented. A distinction is made between optical behaviour and elastic behaviour in the derivation of the equations. The paper also discusses the additive property of the refraction tensor, analysis of residual fringes, derivation of stressproportioning models and symmetry of stress/optic and strain/optic relations for composites.
Fracture morphology and mechanical properties of thermocatalytically polymerised MMA-impregnated mortar Munoz-Escalona, A. and Ramos, C. Journal o f Materials Science Vol 13 No 2 1978 pp 301-310 Mortar mixes with different water/ cement ratios and consistencies were impregnated with methyl-methacrylate
COMPOSITES. OCTOBER 1978
Carbon fibre structure by electrolytic etching Manders, P.W. Nature Vo1271 (12th January 1978)pp 142-143 An electrolytic oxidation etching technique employing a 2 M sulphuric acid bath is described and shown to be
High temperature compatability of carbon fibres with nickel Warren, R., Anderson, C.H. and Carlsson, M. Journal of Materials Science Fo113 No 1 (1978) pp 178-188 The elevated temperature degradation of nickel coated carbon fibres is shown to be independent of the nickel coating process. Resistance to recrystallisation is however related to the fibre type and increases in the order HTS-panbased, HM-pan-based and HM-rayonbased. Recrystallisation of HTS fibres can be explained by a simple diffusion controlled dissolution and reprecipitation model. The HM fibres behaviour suggests a stable surface layer between 0.1 and 0.5/am thick, but it is sensitive to the presence of air during heat-treatment. The influence of fibre discontinuities on the stress-strain behaviour of composites Schultrich, B., Pompe, W. and Weiss, H.-J. Fibre Science and Technology Vo111 No 1 (January 1978) pp 1-18 By considering a short fibre-reinforced composite in terms of regular arrays of plates in a ductile matrix, attempts are made to calculate the stress/strain curve for the material. Other
283