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Event-related potential and event-related oscillation correlates of sensory gating in low, medium and high suppressors
394
Poster Abstracts / International Journal of Psychophysiology 85 (2012) 361–430
severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) with deficits in multiple spheres show poor performance in these tasks. Understand neurophysiological mechanisms that ensure success or failure in dual tasks is important to prognoses independent functioning in everyday life of patients with sTBI and thus to select goals at late terms of patients rehabilitation. The present study was aimed to reveal such mechanisms by comparing dual task performance by healthy persons and patients with sTBI. Participants and twenty five healthy volunteers (29.8± 2.47 y.o.) and 17 sTBI patients (26.8 ± 2.8 y.o.) participated in a multidisciplinary psychological, stabilographic and EEG study. All persons performed cognitive task that included counting, postural task on force platform with visual feedback, and then both tasks simultaneously (dual task). Memory and executive functions of healthy subjects were evaluated with Stroop, D-KEFS and partially WAIS tests. Clinical state of patients was assessed with FIM, MPAI, MMSE and Berg scales. In each task we analyzed quality of performance and EEG data. In motor and dual task stabilographic data also were analyzed. In dual task 30% of healthy persons performed better than in isolated motor or cognitive task. These persons had higher scores in memory tests and higher speed of attention switch. Their stabilographic data showed decrease of the amplitude and the velocity of center pressure fluctuations during dual task. In EEG both markers of the motor and the cognitive task performance were present. Performance of motor task was accompanied by maximal increase of EEG coherence predominantly in the right hemisphere for alpha1, alpha2 and beta-bands. Performance of cognitive task was accompanied by increase of functional coupling in the left hemisphere, especially for delta- and theta-bands. Compared to controls, all sTBI patients including those with good recovery according to clinical evaluation, showed poor performance in cognitive, repeated balance task and especially in dual task (the more for cognitive component). EEG coherence diffusely increased for different spectral bands without regional specificity during performance of any task, although for dual tasks increase was maximal. Markers of cognitive task performance were not observed at all. But 9 of the sTBI patients with minimal clinical impairment at the moment of assessment had trend to normal EEG reactivity predominantly for motor component. Performance in a dual task can be a tool for estimation of functioning in conditions with high information loads for healthy subjects and for prognosis of functional independence in everyday life for sTBI patients. Presence of EEG markers of both motor and cognitive task performance in a dual task ensures successful performance in dual tasks and accompanies better memory and attention switch scores. Increased EEG coherence during task performance in sTBI patients, especially in dual task, may reflect recruitment of additional cerebral resources. doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2012.07.084
Event-related potential and event-related oscillation correlates of sensory gating in low, medium and high suppressors C.M. Blaisa,c,d, D. Smitha,b, J. Choueirya, D. Impeya, T.J. Phillipsa, S. De Lasallea, H. Dorta, A. Parksa, N. El Marja, V.J. Knotta,b,c,d a University of Ottawa, Institute of Mental Health Research, Canada b University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada c Royal Ottawa Mental Health Institute, Canada d Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada Sensory gating (SG) deficits (i.e., the reduced ability to inhibit neural responses to repeated stimuli) are prevalent in schizophrenia (SZ), and this dysfunction is widely regarded as an important endophenotype for the disorder; however, inter-individual variability in gating is marked
and the neural mechanisms underlying this process remain unclear. While SG is typically indexed via event-related potential (ERP) indices (such as the P50), there is increasing evidence that the evoked oscillatory activity (including that of the gamma and beta frequency bands) may also contribute to SG processes, and thus can provide additional, complementary information regarding mechanisms of SG, in both healthy controls and those with SZ. As the identification of these mechanisms in healthy individuals with low-gating levels has recently been promoted as a translational model for elucidating the neuronal basis of P50 suppression deficits in SZ, the primary aim of this study was, using both ERP and time–frequency measures, to extend the gating literature with regards to both time- and phase-locked activity in healthy controls, stratified according to low, medium and high gating levels. Sixty healthy volunteers between 18 and 40 years of age, with no current or past neurological or psychiatric history, were tested using a paired click paradigm (in which two identical stimuli [S1 and S2] are presented 500 ms apart and at long inter-pair intervals). Evoked power in gamma and beta bands was obtained for S1 and S2, while ERP indices included P50-S1, P50-S2, rP50 (P50-S2/ P50-S1) and dP50 (P50-S1–P50-S2) amplitudes. Participants were separated into low (LS), medium (MS) and high (HS) suppressors on the basis of their dP50 scores. Suppressor differences (HS N MS N LS) were observed with P50-S1 (but not P50-S2) as well as with dP50 (HS N MS N LS) and rP50 (MS and HS N LS). There were also group differences in evoked power to S1 in both gamma (HS N LS and MS) and beta bands (HS N LS), but only in the gamma band for S2 (HS N MS). The lack of group differences in P50-S2 may indicate that sensory gating deficits reflect an inadequate encoding (vs. filtering) mechanism. Further, evoked power deficits in both gamma and beta bands may lend some insight into these initial encoding deficits, as post-S1 activity in these bands has been shown to be related to the encoding of sensory information. doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2012.07.085
Emotional functions and psychological well-being in patients with cerebellar impairment C. Licastro, F. Tramonti, P.A. Arrighi, P. Andre, A.R. Contaldo, C. Ulivi, B. Rossi Neurorehabilition Unit, Neuroscience Departure, Pisa University Hospital, Italy An increasing number of studies show the evidence of a significant impairment in executive function, language, sensory processing and emotion regulation in cerebellar patients. The aim of this study is to assess specific aspects of emotional functions and psychological wellbeing in a population of patient with cerebellar lesions. In order to address the effects of cerebellar lesions on emotional functions, such as emotion recognition and empathy skills, we administered the Reading the Mind in the Eyes (RME), the Faces Test and the Empathy Quotient (EQ) to 8 patients (age M= 47,13; DS = 18,18; sex F:M = 62, 5% : 37,5%) and to a control group of 16 volunteer (age M = 53,50; DS = 16,25; sex F:M = 62,5% : 37,5%). By the use of the Profile of Mood States (POMS), the Psychological Well-Being Scale (PWB), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) we evaluated psychological well-being. Correlations (Pearson's r) between scales and sub-scales have been performed and the scores of the two groups have been compared by means of the T-test. Cerebellar patients showed lower scores in the sub-scales Purpose in Life and Environmental Mastery of the PWB. In addition,
Poster Abstracts / International Journal of Psychophysiology 85 (2012) 361–430
severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) with deficits in multiple spheres show poor performance in these tasks. Understand neurophysiological mechanisms that ensure success or failure in dual tasks is important to prognoses independent functioning in everyday life of patients with sTBI and thus to select goals at late terms of patients rehabilitation. The present study was aimed to reveal such mechanisms by comparing dual task performance by healthy persons and patients with sTBI. Participants and twenty five healthy volunteers (29.8± 2.47 y.o.) and 17 sTBI patients (26.8 ± 2.8 y.o.) participated in a multidisciplinary psychological, stabilographic and EEG study. All persons performed cognitive task that included counting, postural task on force platform with visual feedback, and then both tasks simultaneously (dual task). Memory and executive functions of healthy subjects were evaluated with Stroop, D-KEFS and partially WAIS tests. Clinical state of patients was assessed with FIM, MPAI, MMSE and Berg scales. In each task we analyzed quality of performance and EEG data. In motor and dual task stabilographic data also were analyzed. In dual task 30% of healthy persons performed better than in isolated motor or cognitive task. These persons had higher scores in memory tests and higher speed of attention switch. Their stabilographic data showed decrease of the amplitude and the velocity of center pressure fluctuations during dual task. In EEG both markers of the motor and the cognitive task performance were present. Performance of motor task was accompanied by maximal increase of EEG coherence predominantly in the right hemisphere for alpha1, alpha2 and beta-bands. Performance of cognitive task was accompanied by increase of functional coupling in the left hemisphere, especially for delta- and theta-bands. Compared to controls, all sTBI patients including those with good recovery according to clinical evaluation, showed poor performance in cognitive, repeated balance task and especially in dual task (the more for cognitive component). EEG coherence diffusely increased for different spectral bands without regional specificity during performance of any task, although for dual tasks increase was maximal. Markers of cognitive task performance were not observed at all. But 9 of the sTBI patients with minimal clinical impairment at the moment of assessment had trend to normal EEG reactivity predominantly for motor component. Performance in a dual task can be a tool for estimation of functioning in conditions with high information loads for healthy subjects and for prognosis of functional independence in everyday life for sTBI patients. Presence of EEG markers of both motor and cognitive task performance in a dual task ensures successful performance in dual tasks and accompanies better memory and attention switch scores. Increased EEG coherence during task performance in sTBI patients, especially in dual task, may reflect recruitment of additional cerebral resources. doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2012.07.084
Event-related potential and event-related oscillation correlates of sensory gating in low, medium and high suppressors C.M. Blaisa,c,d, D. Smitha,b, J. Choueirya, D. Impeya, T.J. Phillipsa, S. De Lasallea, H. Dorta, A. Parksa, N. El Marja, V.J. Knotta,b,c,d a University of Ottawa, Institute of Mental Health Research, Canada b University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada c Royal Ottawa Mental Health Institute, Canada d Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada Sensory gating (SG) deficits (i.e., the reduced ability to inhibit neural responses to repeated stimuli) are prevalent in schizophrenia (SZ), and this dysfunction is widely regarded as an important endophenotype for the disorder; however, inter-individual variability in gating is marked
and the neural mechanisms underlying this process remain unclear. While SG is typically indexed via event-related potential (ERP) indices (such as the P50), there is increasing evidence that the evoked oscillatory activity (including that of the gamma and beta frequency bands) may also contribute to SG processes, and thus can provide additional, complementary information regarding mechanisms of SG, in both healthy controls and those with SZ. As the identification of these mechanisms in healthy individuals with low-gating levels has recently been promoted as a translational model for elucidating the neuronal basis of P50 suppression deficits in SZ, the primary aim of this study was, using both ERP and time–frequency measures, to extend the gating literature with regards to both time- and phase-locked activity in healthy controls, stratified according to low, medium and high gating levels. Sixty healthy volunteers between 18 and 40 years of age, with no current or past neurological or psychiatric history, were tested using a paired click paradigm (in which two identical stimuli [S1 and S2] are presented 500 ms apart and at long inter-pair intervals). Evoked power in gamma and beta bands was obtained for S1 and S2, while ERP indices included P50-S1, P50-S2, rP50 (P50-S2/ P50-S1) and dP50 (P50-S1–P50-S2) amplitudes. Participants were separated into low (LS), medium (MS) and high (HS) suppressors on the basis of their dP50 scores. Suppressor differences (HS N MS N LS) were observed with P50-S1 (but not P50-S2) as well as with dP50 (HS N MS N LS) and rP50 (MS and HS N LS). There were also group differences in evoked power to S1 in both gamma (HS N LS and MS) and beta bands (HS N LS), but only in the gamma band for S2 (HS N MS). The lack of group differences in P50-S2 may indicate that sensory gating deficits reflect an inadequate encoding (vs. filtering) mechanism. Further, evoked power deficits in both gamma and beta bands may lend some insight into these initial encoding deficits, as post-S1 activity in these bands has been shown to be related to the encoding of sensory information. doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2012.07.085
Emotional functions and psychological well-being in patients with cerebellar impairment C. Licastro, F. Tramonti, P.A. Arrighi, P. Andre, A.R. Contaldo, C. Ulivi, B. Rossi Neurorehabilition Unit, Neuroscience Departure, Pisa University Hospital, Italy An increasing number of studies show the evidence of a significant impairment in executive function, language, sensory processing and emotion regulation in cerebellar patients. The aim of this study is to assess specific aspects of emotional functions and psychological wellbeing in a population of patient with cerebellar lesions. In order to address the effects of cerebellar lesions on emotional functions, such as emotion recognition and empathy skills, we administered the Reading the Mind in the Eyes (RME), the Faces Test and the Empathy Quotient (EQ) to 8 patients (age M= 47,13; DS = 18,18; sex F:M = 62, 5% : 37,5%) and to a control group of 16 volunteer (age M = 53,50; DS = 16,25; sex F:M = 62,5% : 37,5%). By the use of the Profile of Mood States (POMS), the Psychological Well-Being Scale (PWB), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) we evaluated psychological well-being. Correlations (Pearson's r) between scales and sub-scales have been performed and the scores of the two groups have been compared by means of the T-test. Cerebellar patients showed lower scores in the sub-scales Purpose in Life and Environmental Mastery of the PWB. In addition,