- Email: [email protected]
Examination: Intraoperative Positioning of Surgical Patients
.JUNE 1996, VOL 63, NO 6
Examination INeRAOPERATlVE POSITIONING OF SURGICAL PATIENTS
1.Injury mechanisms that contribute to positioning injuries include a. stretching, ischemia, and necrosis. b. inversion, obstruction, and supination. c. pronation, abrasion, and external rotation. d. pressure, friction, and shear forces.
2.A pressure ulcer is any lesion caused from unrelieved pressure that results in a. a reddened skin area that blanches under fingertip pressure. b. damage to underlying tissue. c. upper and lower extremity neuropathies. d. alopecia in the postoperative patient. 3.Normal capillary interface pressure ranges between a. 12 and 15 mm Hg. b. 29 and 45 mm Hg. c. 23 and 32 mm Hg. d. 47 and 66 mm Hg.
4. What is the largest organ of the human body affected by pressure injuries? a. lungs b. heart c. liver d. skin 5.Pressure injuries from intraoperative positioning develop first in muscle and subcutaneous tissues and progress outward toward the dermal and epidermal layers of patients’ skin. a. true b. false 6.A stage 11pressure ulcer is characterized by skin that is a. intact and does not blanch to fingertip pressure. b. extensively damaged down to muscle, bone, and supporting structures. c. abraded, blistered, or has shallow craters. d. moderately damaged down to, but not through, underlying fascia.
7.Damage to the brachial plexus nerve group can occur if patients’ arms are abducted more than a. 30 degrees. b. 45 degrees. c. 65 degrees. d. 90 degrees. 8.Pressure points vulnerable to skin breakdown in the supine position include the a. clavicle, brachial plexus, ilium, and coccyx. b. occiput, scapulae, olecranon, sacrum, coccyx, and calcaneous. c. scapulae, ischial tuberosities, back of the knee, and calcaneous. d. acromion process, iliac crest, greater trochanter, lateral condyles, and maleolus.
9. When a patient is positioned prone, body rolls are placed anteriorly from the shoulders to the pelvis to ensure a. adequate lung expansion during respiration. b. adequate tissue perfusion. c. optimal exposure of the surgical site. d. protection against nerve injuries. 1QDuring patient transfer from the transportation vehicle to the OR bed, shear and friction injuries can be minimized through the use of a draw sheet and a coordinated technique. a. pulling b. sliding c. lifting d. pushing l l . A neurosurgical patient placed in the sitting position and attached to a skull pin fixation device for a craniotomy has an increased likelihood of air embolism due to a. higher blood pressure and increased blood loss. b. negative venous pressure in the head and neck. c. lower venous stasis in the lower extremities. d. positive intracranial pressure in the brain. 1 2 I f a patient is undergoing a radical nephrectomy,
1080 AORN JOURNAL
JUNE 1996, VOL 63, NO 6
the circulating nurse correctly positions the patient’s legs by a. straightening both legs. b. extending the lower leg and flexing the upper leg. c. flexing both legs at the knees and hips. d. flexing the lower leg and extending the upper leg.
13.If a patient experiences a dramatic decrease in blood pressure when her legs are lowered from the lithotomy position after a vaginal hysterectomy, it is mostly likely due to a. increased splanchnic blood volume that masks blood loss during surgery. b. diaphragmatic pressure that causes pulmonary congestion and decreased tidal volumes. c. bleeding caused by femoral pressure changes. d. decreased intracranial blood volume that causes negative pressures in the head and neck. 1AAccording to the article, ankle strap stirrups are the least desirable stirrup device to use for extended lithotomy procedures. a. true b. false 1 L T h e most common injury with lithotomy positioning is nerve damage, which can result in a. femoral, hip dislocation b. sciatic, paresthesia c. peroneal, foot drop d. pudendal, fecal incontinence 16.Circulating nurses should apply antiembolism stockings and pneumatic compression sleeves to patients’ legs if lithotomy procedures are scheduled to last for more than two hours to decrease blood pooling in calf muscles and to prevent a. extreme thigh flexion. b. deep vein thrombus formations. c. footdrop. d. external rotation or flexion of hip joints. 17.Possible injuries associated with the prone position include all of the following, except a. ulnar neuropathy. b. foot drop. c. brachial plexus insults. d. corneal abrasions.
1bChanging the patient’s position from supine to Trendelenburg’s or reverse Trendelenburg’s may place the patient at risk for a. pressure ulcers. b. radial nerve injuries. c. alopecia. d. shear injuries. 1S.The respiratory system is most vulnerable in the position, and chest excursion is least affected in the position. a. lithotomy, supine b. dorsal recumbent, modified Fowler’s c. prone, sitting d. lateral, Trendelenburg’s =If
the patient is incontinent, antiseptic agents should not be used for cleansing the patient’s skin because they dry the skin and predispose the patient to skin breakdown. a. true b. false
21.A minimum of three surgical team members should be used to safely position the patient in a lateral position. a. true b. false =Proctologic
procedures are performed in the position.
a. Sims’s b. reverse Trendelenburg’s c. lateral recumbent d. jackknife 23.Circulating nurses should allow patients to cross their ankles during surgery because it is a natural position. a. true b. false =According to the article, a convoluted foam mattress overlay is the most effective positioning device for reducing capillary interface pressures. a. true b. false
=In
the sitting position, areas especially susceptible to pressure injuries include the patient’s a. clavicle, brachial plexus, and ilium.
1081 AORN JOURNAL
JUNE 1996, VOL 63, NO 6
c. padded kidney rests, pillows, sandbags, rolled blankets, adhesive tape d. shoulder brace, convoluted foam mattress overlay, laminectomy frame, towels
b. olecranon, greater trochanter, and ilium. c. scapulae, ischial tuberosities, and calcaneous. d. thoracic vertebrae, sacrum, and maleolus. =What are common complications found during surgical procedures that require sitting positions? a. cerebral ischemia and hypotension b. mediastinal compression and hypertension c. decreased cardiac output and stroke volume d. air embolism and retinal ischemia
=When the patient is in the supine position, a pillow placed beneath the patient’s lower legs a. creates poor body alignment. b. decreases the potential for decubitus ulcers. c. increases tension in the hips. d. reduces lower back strain.
27.Laboratory test results that can help determine a patient’s nutritional status include a. alkaline phosphatase and creatinine. b. calcium and total bilirubin. c. blood urea nitrogen and cholesterol. d. total protein and albumin.
=Reactive hyperemia lesions noted after two hours of immobility in a surgical position should disappear within after surgery. a. one and one half hours b. three to four hours c. 24 to 48 hours d. seven to 10 days
=The structures of the epidermis include all of the following, except a. blood vessels. b. eccrine glands. c. hair follicles. d. pilosebaceous units.
=Circulating nurses should select positioning devices that maintain intraoperative positions and minimize potential tissue injuries by 1. preventing excessive stretching. 2. demonstrating cost-effectiveness. 3. redistributing pressure. 4. absorbing compression forces. a. 1,3, and4 b. 1,2,and3 c. 3 and4 d. all of the above
=After the dermal layer is damaged, it regenerates dermal cells by using proteoglycans. a. true b. false =Patients with peripheral vascular disease may be affected by capillary interface pressures as low as 12 mm Hg. a. true b. false 31.At the conclusion of surgery, the circulating nurse assesses the patient’s reddened skin areas with fingertip pressure to note a. edema. b. temperature. c. blanching. d. size. 3 2 W h a t positioning devices do circulating nurses use to maintain patients in lateral positions for renal surgical procedures? a. chest rolls, foot board, foam pads, prone face guard b. knee crutch stirrups, viscoelastic dry polymer mattress overlay, air-filled pillows, arm boards
=Pudendal nerve damage may be caused by a. undue pressure on the downside leg that is in a lateral position. b. knee crutch stirrups supporting the posterior aspect of the patient’s knees. c. plantar flexion of the patient’s feet. d. inadequate padding between perineal post of the fracture table and the patient’s perineum. 37.Circumflex nerve damage may be caused by a. dorsal extension and lateral flexion of the patient’s head to the opposite side of OR bed. b. forcing the downside arm ventrally and medially with shoulder circumducted. c. upper arm abducted more than 90 degrees with forearm pronated. d. arms abducted 90 degrees (in Trendelenburg’s position) that are allowed to press against the vertical bars of the anesthesia screen.
1082 AORN JOURNAL
JUNE 1996, VOL 63, NO 6
=Any positioning device used to reduce pressure on patients’ body parts and prevent tissue injuries should have the documented ability to reduce capillary interface pressures to or less. a. 12mmHg b. 20 mm Hg c. 32 mm Hg d. 40 mm Hg 3S.Vena caval compression may be noted in a patient who is positioned with the side dependent, or in whom the kidney rest is AORN is occredited os o provider of continuing educoton in nursing by the American Nurses Credentioling Center‘s Cornmission on Accreditotion. AORN recognizes this octivity 0s continuing education for registered nurses. This recognition does not imply that AORN or the American Nurses Credentioling Center‘s Commission on Accreditotion opproves or endorses any product included in the octivity.
elevated in a high position, thereby compressing the flank. a. dominant b. right c. nondominant d. left =The potential for postoperative alopecia may be reduced by a. decreasing strain on abdominal muscles. b. administering preoperative minoxidil. c. properly padding stirrup devices. d. repositioning the head intermittently.
AORN mointoins the following provider numbers: Alobumo ABNP0075, Colifornio BRNOa667, Florida 27F0177, low0 103. AORN is upproved os o provider of continuing nursing education by the Konsos Sfote Boord of Nursing. This course offering is opproved for four contact hours. The Konsos State Boord of Nursing opproved provider number is LTO 1 14-0316.
Professional nurses ore invited to submit manuscripts for the Home Study Program. Manuscripts or queries should be sent to the Editot AORN Journal, 2 I70 S Porker Rd, Suite 300, Denver, CO 8023 1-571 1. As with all munuscripts sent to the Journal, papers submitted for Home Study Progroms should not hove been previously published or submitted simultaneously to uny other publicotion.
A New Look is Coming to the Home Study Program In July, the AORN Journal will unveil a new scan answer and evaluation sheet for the Home Study Program.This change will allow the answer and evaluation sheets to be scanned automatically. The expecta-
tion is that the processing of the answer sheets will be accomplished much more quickly because human hands will not have to enter information. Look for the new form and directions in the July issue.
Call for Proposals for World Conference In preparation for the World Conference of Operating Room Nurses-X to be held in Toronto on Sept 8-12, 1997, AORN is soliciting proposals for presentation. In keeping with the theme “Perioperative Nursing: Celebrating Global Partnerships,” the conference will provide an international perspective on past, present, and future perioperative nursing practice issues and concerns. Speakers will explore the global challenges, changes, and opportunities facing perioperative nurses, providers, and payers through the year 2000. Major topics for the conference include: “Total Quality Management in the OR,” “The Ethical Issues Facing Perioperative Nurses,”
“The Perioperative Nursing Role,” “How Can Perioperative Nurses Control Infections in the OR?” and’ Impact of Economic Changes and Industry Advances on Perioperative Nursing.” The deadline for proposal submission is July 2 1, 1996. Call for proposal forms are available through A 0 R ” s fax-on-demand system by calling (800) 755-7980 and requesting document number 5308. For further information on the conference or to obtain a call for proposal form, contact Susan Hardin, Program Coordinator, Center for Perioperative Education, at (800) 755-2676 x 241 or (303) 755-6304 x 241.
1084 AORN JOURNAL
JUNE 1996, VOL 63, NO 6
Answer Sheet INTRAOPERATIVE POSlllONlNG OF SURGICAL PATIENTS
lease fill out the application and answer form below and the evaluation on the back of this page. Tear out the page from the Journal or make photocopies and mail to: AORN Customer Service c/o Home Study Program 2170 S Parker Rd, Suite 300 Denver, CO 8023 1-571 1 Event # 96048
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 10 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 20 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 30 39 40
Session # 3487
Program offered June 1996. The deadline for this program is Nov 30, 1996.
1. Record your identification number in the appropriate section below. 2. Completely darken the space that indicates your answer to the examination starting with question one. 3. A score of 70% correct is required for credit. 4. Record the time required to complete the program. 5. Enclose fee: Members $16; Nonmembers $32.
AORN (ID) # Name Address City State RN license #
Zip
State Phone number ( If nonmember, please provide social security number. Fee enclosed or bill the credit card indicated. 0MasterCard 0Visa 0American Express Card # Expiration date Signature (lor credit card authorization)
1085 AORN JOURNAL
JUNE 1996, VOL 63, NO 6
Learner Evaluation INTRAOPEMTlvE POSmONlNG OF SURGICAL PATlENlS
The following evaluation is used to determine the extent to which this Home Study Program met your leaming needs. Rate the following items on a scale of 1 to 5. 0BJ-
To what extent were the following objectives of this Home Study Program achieved? (1) Describe five standard intraoperative positions and modifications of these positions. ( 2 ) Discuss physiologic effects of intraoperative positioning on patients’ major body systems. (3) Describe the use of intraoperative positioning devices. (4) Discuss potential complications from intraoperative positioning of surgical patients. (5) Describe perioperative nursing interventions to prevent surgical patient injuries from intraoperative positioning.
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CONTENT
(1) Did this article increase your knowledge of the subject matter? ( 2 ) Was the content clear and organized? (3) Did this article facilitate learning? (4) Were your individual objectives met? (5) Was the content of the article relevant to the objectives? TEST WPsnONBIANSWERS
(1) Were they reflective of the content? ( 2 ) Were they easy to understand? (3) Did they address important points?
What other topics would you like to see addressed in a future Home Study Program? Would you be interested or do you know someone who would be interested in writing an article on this topic? Topic(s):
Author names and addresses:
1086 AORN JOURNAL
Examination INeRAOPERATlVE POSITIONING OF SURGICAL PATIENTS
1.Injury mechanisms that contribute to positioning injuries include a. stretching, ischemia, and necrosis. b. inversion, obstruction, and supination. c. pronation, abrasion, and external rotation. d. pressure, friction, and shear forces.
2.A pressure ulcer is any lesion caused from unrelieved pressure that results in a. a reddened skin area that blanches under fingertip pressure. b. damage to underlying tissue. c. upper and lower extremity neuropathies. d. alopecia in the postoperative patient. 3.Normal capillary interface pressure ranges between a. 12 and 15 mm Hg. b. 29 and 45 mm Hg. c. 23 and 32 mm Hg. d. 47 and 66 mm Hg.
4. What is the largest organ of the human body affected by pressure injuries? a. lungs b. heart c. liver d. skin 5.Pressure injuries from intraoperative positioning develop first in muscle and subcutaneous tissues and progress outward toward the dermal and epidermal layers of patients’ skin. a. true b. false 6.A stage 11pressure ulcer is characterized by skin that is a. intact and does not blanch to fingertip pressure. b. extensively damaged down to muscle, bone, and supporting structures. c. abraded, blistered, or has shallow craters. d. moderately damaged down to, but not through, underlying fascia.
7.Damage to the brachial plexus nerve group can occur if patients’ arms are abducted more than a. 30 degrees. b. 45 degrees. c. 65 degrees. d. 90 degrees. 8.Pressure points vulnerable to skin breakdown in the supine position include the a. clavicle, brachial plexus, ilium, and coccyx. b. occiput, scapulae, olecranon, sacrum, coccyx, and calcaneous. c. scapulae, ischial tuberosities, back of the knee, and calcaneous. d. acromion process, iliac crest, greater trochanter, lateral condyles, and maleolus.
9. When a patient is positioned prone, body rolls are placed anteriorly from the shoulders to the pelvis to ensure a. adequate lung expansion during respiration. b. adequate tissue perfusion. c. optimal exposure of the surgical site. d. protection against nerve injuries. 1QDuring patient transfer from the transportation vehicle to the OR bed, shear and friction injuries can be minimized through the use of a draw sheet and a coordinated technique. a. pulling b. sliding c. lifting d. pushing l l . A neurosurgical patient placed in the sitting position and attached to a skull pin fixation device for a craniotomy has an increased likelihood of air embolism due to a. higher blood pressure and increased blood loss. b. negative venous pressure in the head and neck. c. lower venous stasis in the lower extremities. d. positive intracranial pressure in the brain. 1 2 I f a patient is undergoing a radical nephrectomy,
1080 AORN JOURNAL
JUNE 1996, VOL 63, NO 6
the circulating nurse correctly positions the patient’s legs by a. straightening both legs. b. extending the lower leg and flexing the upper leg. c. flexing both legs at the knees and hips. d. flexing the lower leg and extending the upper leg.
13.If a patient experiences a dramatic decrease in blood pressure when her legs are lowered from the lithotomy position after a vaginal hysterectomy, it is mostly likely due to a. increased splanchnic blood volume that masks blood loss during surgery. b. diaphragmatic pressure that causes pulmonary congestion and decreased tidal volumes. c. bleeding caused by femoral pressure changes. d. decreased intracranial blood volume that causes negative pressures in the head and neck. 1AAccording to the article, ankle strap stirrups are the least desirable stirrup device to use for extended lithotomy procedures. a. true b. false 1 L T h e most common injury with lithotomy positioning is nerve damage, which can result in a. femoral, hip dislocation b. sciatic, paresthesia c. peroneal, foot drop d. pudendal, fecal incontinence 16.Circulating nurses should apply antiembolism stockings and pneumatic compression sleeves to patients’ legs if lithotomy procedures are scheduled to last for more than two hours to decrease blood pooling in calf muscles and to prevent a. extreme thigh flexion. b. deep vein thrombus formations. c. footdrop. d. external rotation or flexion of hip joints. 17.Possible injuries associated with the prone position include all of the following, except a. ulnar neuropathy. b. foot drop. c. brachial plexus insults. d. corneal abrasions.
1bChanging the patient’s position from supine to Trendelenburg’s or reverse Trendelenburg’s may place the patient at risk for a. pressure ulcers. b. radial nerve injuries. c. alopecia. d. shear injuries. 1S.The respiratory system is most vulnerable in the position, and chest excursion is least affected in the position. a. lithotomy, supine b. dorsal recumbent, modified Fowler’s c. prone, sitting d. lateral, Trendelenburg’s =If
the patient is incontinent, antiseptic agents should not be used for cleansing the patient’s skin because they dry the skin and predispose the patient to skin breakdown. a. true b. false
21.A minimum of three surgical team members should be used to safely position the patient in a lateral position. a. true b. false =Proctologic
procedures are performed in the position.
a. Sims’s b. reverse Trendelenburg’s c. lateral recumbent d. jackknife 23.Circulating nurses should allow patients to cross their ankles during surgery because it is a natural position. a. true b. false =According to the article, a convoluted foam mattress overlay is the most effective positioning device for reducing capillary interface pressures. a. true b. false
=In
the sitting position, areas especially susceptible to pressure injuries include the patient’s a. clavicle, brachial plexus, and ilium.
1081 AORN JOURNAL
JUNE 1996, VOL 63, NO 6
c. padded kidney rests, pillows, sandbags, rolled blankets, adhesive tape d. shoulder brace, convoluted foam mattress overlay, laminectomy frame, towels
b. olecranon, greater trochanter, and ilium. c. scapulae, ischial tuberosities, and calcaneous. d. thoracic vertebrae, sacrum, and maleolus. =What are common complications found during surgical procedures that require sitting positions? a. cerebral ischemia and hypotension b. mediastinal compression and hypertension c. decreased cardiac output and stroke volume d. air embolism and retinal ischemia
=When the patient is in the supine position, a pillow placed beneath the patient’s lower legs a. creates poor body alignment. b. decreases the potential for decubitus ulcers. c. increases tension in the hips. d. reduces lower back strain.
27.Laboratory test results that can help determine a patient’s nutritional status include a. alkaline phosphatase and creatinine. b. calcium and total bilirubin. c. blood urea nitrogen and cholesterol. d. total protein and albumin.
=Reactive hyperemia lesions noted after two hours of immobility in a surgical position should disappear within after surgery. a. one and one half hours b. three to four hours c. 24 to 48 hours d. seven to 10 days
=The structures of the epidermis include all of the following, except a. blood vessels. b. eccrine glands. c. hair follicles. d. pilosebaceous units.
=Circulating nurses should select positioning devices that maintain intraoperative positions and minimize potential tissue injuries by 1. preventing excessive stretching. 2. demonstrating cost-effectiveness. 3. redistributing pressure. 4. absorbing compression forces. a. 1,3, and4 b. 1,2,and3 c. 3 and4 d. all of the above
=After the dermal layer is damaged, it regenerates dermal cells by using proteoglycans. a. true b. false =Patients with peripheral vascular disease may be affected by capillary interface pressures as low as 12 mm Hg. a. true b. false 31.At the conclusion of surgery, the circulating nurse assesses the patient’s reddened skin areas with fingertip pressure to note a. edema. b. temperature. c. blanching. d. size. 3 2 W h a t positioning devices do circulating nurses use to maintain patients in lateral positions for renal surgical procedures? a. chest rolls, foot board, foam pads, prone face guard b. knee crutch stirrups, viscoelastic dry polymer mattress overlay, air-filled pillows, arm boards
=Pudendal nerve damage may be caused by a. undue pressure on the downside leg that is in a lateral position. b. knee crutch stirrups supporting the posterior aspect of the patient’s knees. c. plantar flexion of the patient’s feet. d. inadequate padding between perineal post of the fracture table and the patient’s perineum. 37.Circumflex nerve damage may be caused by a. dorsal extension and lateral flexion of the patient’s head to the opposite side of OR bed. b. forcing the downside arm ventrally and medially with shoulder circumducted. c. upper arm abducted more than 90 degrees with forearm pronated. d. arms abducted 90 degrees (in Trendelenburg’s position) that are allowed to press against the vertical bars of the anesthesia screen.
1082 AORN JOURNAL
JUNE 1996, VOL 63, NO 6
=Any positioning device used to reduce pressure on patients’ body parts and prevent tissue injuries should have the documented ability to reduce capillary interface pressures to or less. a. 12mmHg b. 20 mm Hg c. 32 mm Hg d. 40 mm Hg 3S.Vena caval compression may be noted in a patient who is positioned with the side dependent, or in whom the kidney rest is AORN is occredited os o provider of continuing educoton in nursing by the American Nurses Credentioling Center‘s Cornmission on Accreditotion. AORN recognizes this octivity 0s continuing education for registered nurses. This recognition does not imply that AORN or the American Nurses Credentioling Center‘s Commission on Accreditotion opproves or endorses any product included in the octivity.
elevated in a high position, thereby compressing the flank. a. dominant b. right c. nondominant d. left =The potential for postoperative alopecia may be reduced by a. decreasing strain on abdominal muscles. b. administering preoperative minoxidil. c. properly padding stirrup devices. d. repositioning the head intermittently.
AORN mointoins the following provider numbers: Alobumo ABNP0075, Colifornio BRNOa667, Florida 27F0177, low0 103. AORN is upproved os o provider of continuing nursing education by the Konsos Sfote Boord of Nursing. This course offering is opproved for four contact hours. The Konsos State Boord of Nursing opproved provider number is LTO 1 14-0316.
Professional nurses ore invited to submit manuscripts for the Home Study Program. Manuscripts or queries should be sent to the Editot AORN Journal, 2 I70 S Porker Rd, Suite 300, Denver, CO 8023 1-571 1. As with all munuscripts sent to the Journal, papers submitted for Home Study Progroms should not hove been previously published or submitted simultaneously to uny other publicotion.
A New Look is Coming to the Home Study Program In July, the AORN Journal will unveil a new scan answer and evaluation sheet for the Home Study Program.This change will allow the answer and evaluation sheets to be scanned automatically. The expecta-
tion is that the processing of the answer sheets will be accomplished much more quickly because human hands will not have to enter information. Look for the new form and directions in the July issue.
Call for Proposals for World Conference In preparation for the World Conference of Operating Room Nurses-X to be held in Toronto on Sept 8-12, 1997, AORN is soliciting proposals for presentation. In keeping with the theme “Perioperative Nursing: Celebrating Global Partnerships,” the conference will provide an international perspective on past, present, and future perioperative nursing practice issues and concerns. Speakers will explore the global challenges, changes, and opportunities facing perioperative nurses, providers, and payers through the year 2000. Major topics for the conference include: “Total Quality Management in the OR,” “The Ethical Issues Facing Perioperative Nurses,”
“The Perioperative Nursing Role,” “How Can Perioperative Nurses Control Infections in the OR?” and’ Impact of Economic Changes and Industry Advances on Perioperative Nursing.” The deadline for proposal submission is July 2 1, 1996. Call for proposal forms are available through A 0 R ” s fax-on-demand system by calling (800) 755-7980 and requesting document number 5308. For further information on the conference or to obtain a call for proposal form, contact Susan Hardin, Program Coordinator, Center for Perioperative Education, at (800) 755-2676 x 241 or (303) 755-6304 x 241.
1084 AORN JOURNAL
JUNE 1996, VOL 63, NO 6
Answer Sheet INTRAOPERATIVE POSlllONlNG OF SURGICAL PATIENTS
lease fill out the application and answer form below and the evaluation on the back of this page. Tear out the page from the Journal or make photocopies and mail to: AORN Customer Service c/o Home Study Program 2170 S Parker Rd, Suite 300 Denver, CO 8023 1-571 1 Event # 96048
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 10 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 20 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 30 39 40
Session # 3487
Program offered June 1996. The deadline for this program is Nov 30, 1996.
1. Record your identification number in the appropriate section below. 2. Completely darken the space that indicates your answer to the examination starting with question one. 3. A score of 70% correct is required for credit. 4. Record the time required to complete the program. 5. Enclose fee: Members $16; Nonmembers $32.
AORN (ID) # Name Address City State RN license #
Zip
State Phone number ( If nonmember, please provide social security number. Fee enclosed or bill the credit card indicated. 0MasterCard 0Visa 0American Express Card # Expiration date Signature (lor credit card authorization)
1085 AORN JOURNAL
JUNE 1996, VOL 63, NO 6
Learner Evaluation INTRAOPEMTlvE POSmONlNG OF SURGICAL PATlENlS
The following evaluation is used to determine the extent to which this Home Study Program met your leaming needs. Rate the following items on a scale of 1 to 5. 0BJ-
To what extent were the following objectives of this Home Study Program achieved? (1) Describe five standard intraoperative positions and modifications of these positions. ( 2 ) Discuss physiologic effects of intraoperative positioning on patients’ major body systems. (3) Describe the use of intraoperative positioning devices. (4) Discuss potential complications from intraoperative positioning of surgical patients. (5) Describe perioperative nursing interventions to prevent surgical patient injuries from intraoperative positioning.
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(High)
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CONTENT
(1) Did this article increase your knowledge of the subject matter? ( 2 ) Was the content clear and organized? (3) Did this article facilitate learning? (4) Were your individual objectives met? (5) Was the content of the article relevant to the objectives? TEST WPsnONBIANSWERS
(1) Were they reflective of the content? ( 2 ) Were they easy to understand? (3) Did they address important points?
What other topics would you like to see addressed in a future Home Study Program? Would you be interested or do you know someone who would be interested in writing an article on this topic? Topic(s):
Author names and addresses:
1086 AORN JOURNAL