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Exercise training accelerates the chylomicron metabolism
Posters 12. Miscellaneous
106
in smooth muscle cells cultured from normal intima of human aorta. Thus, nomLDL binding to elastin, collagen and proteoglycans may be involved in extra- and intracellular lipid deposition in human blood vessels. This study was made possible in part by the Grant # 870 from International Science and Technology Center. CAROTID ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN IP236 ASYMPTOMATIC DL4BETES TYPE 2, DYSLIPIDEMIA, OBESITY AND POSTMENOPAUSAL PATIENTS M. Chicaiza, W. de la Torre, J. Figueroa, Quito, Ecuador
M. Sienz. Hospital de la Policia,
We analyse results from a cross sectional study of ultrasonographic (US: high resolution, B mode, 10 MHZ linear array transducter) characterization of early and late atherosclerosis lessions in extracraneal carotid arteries of high risk asymtomatic population: type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2 n = 80), dyslipidemia (DLP n = 45), obesity (OB n = 32), and postmenopausal patients (PMP n = 65). Was predominant the malesex (59%) and cigarette smoking habitus (30%, >DM2 and DLP groups), the glucose intolerance (18%, >OB and DLP groups), and hypertension (8%, >DM2, OB, and DLP groups). The current use of specific pharmacotherapy was: hypoglucemic drugs (60%), estrogen therapy (55%), and hypolipemic agents (35%). Intimal-media thickness (IMT) was 75% and 35% according to sex (0.70.8 mm) and to the El&Nascent/Midas categorization (1.0 to 1.3 mm) (>DM2 and DLP groups). However, atheromatous plaque was detected in 31% (>DM2 group, p = 0.05) and with 46% OF bilateral lesions. The majority of plaques were stables: 42% fibrotics (>OB group, p = 0.05) and 46% calcificated (>DM2 group, p = 0.05), while a 12% were vulnerable: fibrolipidics (>PMP group, p = 0.05), irregular surface (>DLP group, p = 0.05) and hetrogeneous plaques (>PMP and DM2 groups, p = 0.05). The carotid artery stenosis (Framingham classification) was predominant minimal (7 1%) and moderated (28%), with no differences between groups. In conclusion, this cross sectional study shows an important US frecuency of early (IMT) and late (plaque) lessions in extracraneal carotid arteries, mainly in the DM2, DLP, tid PMP groups, with predominance of stable than vulnerable plaques. IP237
EXERCISE TRAINING EFFECTS ON THE PROCESS OF ESTERIFICATION AND PLASMA REMOVAL OF CHOLESTEROL OF AN ARTIFICIAL LIPIDIC EMULSION SIMILAR TO LDL
C.G. Vinagre, C.E. Negtio, M.U. Rondon, M.J. Alves, C.G. Puk, ES. Ficker, R.C. Mar&o. Heart Instituie (InCor), University of Srio Paul0 Medical School, Sio Paulo, Bmzil This study evaluated the effects of exercise on plasma removal as well as on the cholesterol esterification process of an artificial emulsion with metabolic behavior similar to LDL. Eleven cyclists (found through the Bike Brazil Association), with an average training load of 3-4 times per week, and 11 sedentary controls, underwent a maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test on a bicycle ergometer to measure peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak). The emulsion labeled with 3H-cholesteryl oleate (3H-CO) and “C-cholesterol (14C-C) was injected intravenously. Blood samples were collected in regular intervals (5 min, 1, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 24 h). Radioactivity in each sample was then measured. The fractional clearance rate (FCR) of the labels was calculated by compartmental analysis. The process of esterification was evaluated after thin layer chromate raphy using the ratio (R) of the 14C-cholesteryl esther/14Ccholesterol + ’ ! C-cholesteryl e&her with the same intervals. As was expected, the V02peak was higher in the cyclists compared to the sedentaries (56f6, and 29&4 ml/kg/min, p < 0.05). The FCR of 3H-COFCR was also higher for the cyclists than the sedentaries. No differences were found between the FCR of the “C-cholesterol and 3H-cholesteryl oleate, in the sedentaries. However, the FCR of the “C-cholesterol was lower than the FCR of the 3H-cholesteryl oleate, in the cyclists.
%CO-FCR %C-FCR
@in-‘) (mia’)
p < 0.05, compared to “k.C.FCR,
CYCLISTS
SEDENTARIFB
0.163*0.14*
0.04010.013
0.0710.07
0.0350.023
and 3H-CO-FCR
of the sedentaries, Mann-Whitney
test
There were no differences between the ratios of esteritication (R) of the cyclists and of the sedentaries. We concluded that the plasma removal of
the emulsion was faster in the cyclists as indicated by the higher FCR of cholesteryl oleate. However, the plasma removal of cholesterol was similar for both groups. The plasma removal of cholesterol was slower than the plasma removal of cholesteryl oleate, in the cyclists, indicated by the lower FCR of the cholesterol. No differences were seen in the sedentary group. As cholesterol is transfered from LDL to HDL, one explanation for our results is that the HDL of the cyclists probably remains longer in the bloodstream than that of the sedentaries.
IP238
EXERCISE TRAINING ACCELERATES CHYLOMICRON METABOLISM
THE
C.G. Vinagre, C.E. Negdo, M.U. Rondon, M.J. Alves, A.T. Morikawa, P.R. Figueiredo, R.C. MaranhZo. Heart Institute (InCor), University of &To Paul0 Medical School, SJo Paula, Brazil Evidence shows that physically active men have a lower cardiovascular risk due to their higher metabolic fitness. Exercise training is known to improve the lipid profile. The metabolism of chylomicrons and their products of catabolism by lipoprotein lipase action, the remnants, have been implicated in atherogenesis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of exercise training on chylomicron metabolism. Thus, plasma removal of a chylomicron-like emulsion was eveluated in exercise-trained men. Eight cyclists (found through the Bike Brazil Association) (30f7 ys), under a 34 times a week training load for a minimum of 3 years, and 8 sedentary controls (34f6 ys) were studied. All the participants underwent a maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test on a bycicle ergometer to measure the peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak). The emulsion labeled with 3Htryglicerides and 14C-cholesteryl e&her was injected intravenously, and blood samples were collected in regular intervals during 60 min (2, 4, 6, 10, 1.5, 20, 30, 45 and 60 min), after injection. The radioactivity present in the samples was calculated by compartmental analysis, as well as, the fractional clearance ratio (FCR) of the labels The FCR of cholesteryl esther of the emulsion was similar in both groups (cyclists: 0.021f0.009; sedentaries: 0.015f0.006 min-1, p = 0.27). However, the FCR of the triglycerides of the emulsion was higher in the cyclists compared to sedentaries (0.046+0.024, and 0.023f0.008, p = 0.02). The fractional lypolisis rate calculated through the decay curves was higher in the cyclists compared to sedentaries (0.025f0.02 and 0.009 f 0.006, respectively, p = 0.03) Our results show that exercise training increases the chylomicron lipolitic process. This increase, may be related to the anti-atherogenic effects of exercise.
1P2
REMOVAL FROM THE PLASMA OF A CHYLOMICRON LIKE-EMULSION DURING AND AFTER THE ACUTE PHASE OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
A.F!M. Chacra, R.D. Santos, R.F. Amticio, R. Schreiber, J.A.F. Ramires, R.C. Maratio. Heart institute (InCor), University of S8o Paul0 Medical School, Sio Paulo, Brazil Studies have shown that there are alterations in the concentration of endogenous lipids after the acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, the metabolism of chylomicrons and its remnants was not evaluated in this situation. A chylomicron-like emulsion was used to evaluate chylomicron metabolism in AMI. The emulsion labeled with 3H-cholesteryl oleate was injected intravenously in 19 normolipidemic patients (aged 60f 11 years) 7 and 45 days after the AMI. Plasma lipids and inflammatory proteins were also determined at the same interval. Experiments were also performed in the same time manner at baseline and 45 days after in a control group of normolipidemic chronic coronary artery disease (CCD group) (n = 11, 58&12 years). Blood samples were collected in regular intervals, during 60 minutes, the decay curves of the label were determined and their fractional clearance rate (FCR in min-‘) was calculated by compartmental analysis. The FCR of AMI patients (expressed as mean&SD) compared to DCC group at baseline level were similar (0.102f0.09 versus 0.084f0.032; p = ns. respectively). In the AMI group, the FCR did not differ on the 7” and 45” days post AMI (0.102&0.09 versus 0.081&0.046; p = ns respectively). Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) in the AMI group decreased 10% on the 7” day compared to the 45’h day @ = 0.048). High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) decreased 15% and apolipoprotein AI (APO AI) decreased 20% on the 7ti day compared to the 45ti day post AMI (p = 0.037; p = 0.002, respectively). Triglycerides, very-low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL) and apolipoprotein B (apo B) did not differ during and after AMI. C-reactive protein (PCR) increased 94%, haptoglobin increased 88% and
72nd EAS Congress
106
in smooth muscle cells cultured from normal intima of human aorta. Thus, nomLDL binding to elastin, collagen and proteoglycans may be involved in extra- and intracellular lipid deposition in human blood vessels. This study was made possible in part by the Grant # 870 from International Science and Technology Center. CAROTID ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN IP236 ASYMPTOMATIC DL4BETES TYPE 2, DYSLIPIDEMIA, OBESITY AND POSTMENOPAUSAL PATIENTS M. Chicaiza, W. de la Torre, J. Figueroa, Quito, Ecuador
M. Sienz. Hospital de la Policia,
We analyse results from a cross sectional study of ultrasonographic (US: high resolution, B mode, 10 MHZ linear array transducter) characterization of early and late atherosclerosis lessions in extracraneal carotid arteries of high risk asymtomatic population: type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2 n = 80), dyslipidemia (DLP n = 45), obesity (OB n = 32), and postmenopausal patients (PMP n = 65). Was predominant the malesex (59%) and cigarette smoking habitus (30%, >DM2 and DLP groups), the glucose intolerance (18%, >OB and DLP groups), and hypertension (8%, >DM2, OB, and DLP groups). The current use of specific pharmacotherapy was: hypoglucemic drugs (60%), estrogen therapy (55%), and hypolipemic agents (35%). Intimal-media thickness (IMT) was 75% and 35% according to sex (0.70.8 mm) and to the El&Nascent/Midas categorization (1.0 to 1.3 mm) (>DM2 and DLP groups). However, atheromatous plaque was detected in 31% (>DM2 group, p = 0.05) and with 46% OF bilateral lesions. The majority of plaques were stables: 42% fibrotics (>OB group, p = 0.05) and 46% calcificated (>DM2 group, p = 0.05), while a 12% were vulnerable: fibrolipidics (>PMP group, p = 0.05), irregular surface (>DLP group, p = 0.05) and hetrogeneous plaques (>PMP and DM2 groups, p = 0.05). The carotid artery stenosis (Framingham classification) was predominant minimal (7 1%) and moderated (28%), with no differences between groups. In conclusion, this cross sectional study shows an important US frecuency of early (IMT) and late (plaque) lessions in extracraneal carotid arteries, mainly in the DM2, DLP, tid PMP groups, with predominance of stable than vulnerable plaques. IP237
EXERCISE TRAINING EFFECTS ON THE PROCESS OF ESTERIFICATION AND PLASMA REMOVAL OF CHOLESTEROL OF AN ARTIFICIAL LIPIDIC EMULSION SIMILAR TO LDL
C.G. Vinagre, C.E. Negtio, M.U. Rondon, M.J. Alves, C.G. Puk, ES. Ficker, R.C. Mar&o. Heart Instituie (InCor), University of Srio Paul0 Medical School, Sio Paulo, Bmzil This study evaluated the effects of exercise on plasma removal as well as on the cholesterol esterification process of an artificial emulsion with metabolic behavior similar to LDL. Eleven cyclists (found through the Bike Brazil Association), with an average training load of 3-4 times per week, and 11 sedentary controls, underwent a maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test on a bicycle ergometer to measure peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak). The emulsion labeled with 3H-cholesteryl oleate (3H-CO) and “C-cholesterol (14C-C) was injected intravenously. Blood samples were collected in regular intervals (5 min, 1, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 24 h). Radioactivity in each sample was then measured. The fractional clearance rate (FCR) of the labels was calculated by compartmental analysis. The process of esterification was evaluated after thin layer chromate raphy using the ratio (R) of the 14C-cholesteryl esther/14Ccholesterol + ’ ! C-cholesteryl e&her with the same intervals. As was expected, the V02peak was higher in the cyclists compared to the sedentaries (56f6, and 29&4 ml/kg/min, p < 0.05). The FCR of 3H-COFCR was also higher for the cyclists than the sedentaries. No differences were found between the FCR of the “C-cholesterol and 3H-cholesteryl oleate, in the sedentaries. However, the FCR of the “C-cholesterol was lower than the FCR of the 3H-cholesteryl oleate, in the cyclists.
%CO-FCR %C-FCR
@in-‘) (mia’)
p < 0.05, compared to “k.C.FCR,
CYCLISTS
SEDENTARIFB
0.163*0.14*
0.04010.013
0.0710.07
0.0350.023
and 3H-CO-FCR
of the sedentaries, Mann-Whitney
test
There were no differences between the ratios of esteritication (R) of the cyclists and of the sedentaries. We concluded that the plasma removal of
the emulsion was faster in the cyclists as indicated by the higher FCR of cholesteryl oleate. However, the plasma removal of cholesterol was similar for both groups. The plasma removal of cholesterol was slower than the plasma removal of cholesteryl oleate, in the cyclists, indicated by the lower FCR of the cholesterol. No differences were seen in the sedentary group. As cholesterol is transfered from LDL to HDL, one explanation for our results is that the HDL of the cyclists probably remains longer in the bloodstream than that of the sedentaries.
IP238
EXERCISE TRAINING ACCELERATES CHYLOMICRON METABOLISM
THE
C.G. Vinagre, C.E. Negdo, M.U. Rondon, M.J. Alves, A.T. Morikawa, P.R. Figueiredo, R.C. MaranhZo. Heart Institute (InCor), University of &To Paul0 Medical School, SJo Paula, Brazil Evidence shows that physically active men have a lower cardiovascular risk due to their higher metabolic fitness. Exercise training is known to improve the lipid profile. The metabolism of chylomicrons and their products of catabolism by lipoprotein lipase action, the remnants, have been implicated in atherogenesis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of exercise training on chylomicron metabolism. Thus, plasma removal of a chylomicron-like emulsion was eveluated in exercise-trained men. Eight cyclists (found through the Bike Brazil Association) (30f7 ys), under a 34 times a week training load for a minimum of 3 years, and 8 sedentary controls (34f6 ys) were studied. All the participants underwent a maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test on a bycicle ergometer to measure the peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak). The emulsion labeled with 3Htryglicerides and 14C-cholesteryl e&her was injected intravenously, and blood samples were collected in regular intervals during 60 min (2, 4, 6, 10, 1.5, 20, 30, 45 and 60 min), after injection. The radioactivity present in the samples was calculated by compartmental analysis, as well as, the fractional clearance ratio (FCR) of the labels The FCR of cholesteryl esther of the emulsion was similar in both groups (cyclists: 0.021f0.009; sedentaries: 0.015f0.006 min-1, p = 0.27). However, the FCR of the triglycerides of the emulsion was higher in the cyclists compared to sedentaries (0.046+0.024, and 0.023f0.008, p = 0.02). The fractional lypolisis rate calculated through the decay curves was higher in the cyclists compared to sedentaries (0.025f0.02 and 0.009 f 0.006, respectively, p = 0.03) Our results show that exercise training increases the chylomicron lipolitic process. This increase, may be related to the anti-atherogenic effects of exercise.
1P2
REMOVAL FROM THE PLASMA OF A CHYLOMICRON LIKE-EMULSION DURING AND AFTER THE ACUTE PHASE OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
A.F!M. Chacra, R.D. Santos, R.F. Amticio, R. Schreiber, J.A.F. Ramires, R.C. Maratio. Heart institute (InCor), University of S8o Paul0 Medical School, Sio Paulo, Brazil Studies have shown that there are alterations in the concentration of endogenous lipids after the acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, the metabolism of chylomicrons and its remnants was not evaluated in this situation. A chylomicron-like emulsion was used to evaluate chylomicron metabolism in AMI. The emulsion labeled with 3H-cholesteryl oleate was injected intravenously in 19 normolipidemic patients (aged 60f 11 years) 7 and 45 days after the AMI. Plasma lipids and inflammatory proteins were also determined at the same interval. Experiments were also performed in the same time manner at baseline and 45 days after in a control group of normolipidemic chronic coronary artery disease (CCD group) (n = 11, 58&12 years). Blood samples were collected in regular intervals, during 60 minutes, the decay curves of the label were determined and their fractional clearance rate (FCR in min-‘) was calculated by compartmental analysis. The FCR of AMI patients (expressed as mean&SD) compared to DCC group at baseline level were similar (0.102f0.09 versus 0.084f0.032; p = ns. respectively). In the AMI group, the FCR did not differ on the 7” and 45” days post AMI (0.102&0.09 versus 0.081&0.046; p = ns respectively). Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) in the AMI group decreased 10% on the 7” day compared to the 45’h day @ = 0.048). High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) decreased 15% and apolipoprotein AI (APO AI) decreased 20% on the 7ti day compared to the 45ti day post AMI (p = 0.037; p = 0.002, respectively). Triglycerides, very-low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL) and apolipoprotein B (apo B) did not differ during and after AMI. C-reactive protein (PCR) increased 94%, haptoglobin increased 88% and
72nd EAS Congress