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Expanded fibre-reinforced bearings
Pneumatic tyre reinforced by steel cords with tapered ends Heishi, S. (Toyo Tire and Rubber Co, Ltd, Osaka, Japan) US Pat 4974654 (4 December 1990) A pneumatic tyre is reinforced by a reinforcing layer of steel cords embedded in rubber. Each cord is made of at least one core layer of twisted wires and at least one sheath layer made of a larger number of twisted wires. The ends of the core layer project 1 l0 mm beyond the ends of the sheath layer. Printed circuit board from fibres impregnated with epoxy resin mixture, halogenated bisphenol and polyphenylene ether Walles, E.W., Lupinski, J.H., Markovitz, M., Colborn, R.E., Presley, J.R., Davis, M.J., Minnick, M.G., Kubisen, S.J., Hallgren, J.E., Bolom D.A., Eddy, V.J. and Irwin, P.C. (General Electric Company, Schenectady, NY, USA) US Pat 4975319 (4 December 1990) A printed circuit board blank comprises cured fibrous substrate impregnated with a curable, fire-retardant, bromine-containing composition and a conductive metal. The composition contains 25 50 weight% of resin containing 15 20% chemically combined bromine; 35 55 weight% of at least one polyphenylene ether; & 15 weight% of at least one halogen-free novoiak (all the oxygen in this being in the form of phenolic hydroxy groups); enough of at least one imidazole or arylene polyamines to provide at least 2 milliequivalents of basic nitrogen per 100 parts of curable composition: 0.1 1 weight% zinc in the form of a salt which is soluble or stably dispersible in the composition: and 1~4 weight% antimony pentoxide. Centrifugally moulded concrete composite pipe Yoshikawa, N. and Asano, H. (Teikoku Hume Pipe Co, Lid, Tokyo and Noritake Co, Ltd, Nagoya, both of Japan) US Pat 4976291 (11 December 1990) A centrifugally moulded concrete composite pipe is composed of three layers: an outer concrete layer including aggregates; an intermediate layer comprising mixed resin and coarse aggregates; and an inner corrosion protective layer comprising resin, fine and coarse aggregates with the fine aggregates distributed near the inner surface of the layer. The intermediate layer has properties which are intermediate between the outer and inner layers and is formed by the rotation of the whole whilst the concrete and resin are not completely hardened so that they mix together in a layer adjacent to the interface between them. Reinforced composite structures Gentle, D.F. (Ford Motor Company, Dearborn, MI, USA) US Pat 4976490 (11 December 1990) A fibre-reinforced plastic composite structure has a substantially fiat-topped platform and at least one hollow beam extending along and down from the lower surface of the platform to strengthen the platform. Within the hollow beam is a hollow tube and there is a resilient material between the beam and the tube. Expanded fibre-reinforced hearings Shobert, J.P. (Plas/Steel Products Inc, Walkerton, IN, USA) US Pat 4976550 (11 December 1990) A polymeric bearing comprises expanded PTFE fibres wound helically round a cylindrical surface, in an epoxy or polyester resin.
MATERIALS
Composite coatings on refractory substrates Sarin, V.K. (G.T.E. Laboratories Incorporated, Waltham, MA, USA) US Pat 4965140 (23 October 1990) A hard refractory substrate has on its surface a dense, wear-resistant refractory layer comprising at least two phases - - a continuous layer of at least one refractory nitride, with discrete particles of at least one different refractory nitride dispersed in it. Although different both refractory nitrides are selected from nitrides of Si, B, A1, Y. Ti, Zr, HI', V, Nb, Ta, Mo and W. Aluminia-zirconia-silicon carbide-magnesia compositions and articles made therefrom Mehrotra, P.K. and Billman, E.R. (Kennametal Inc, Latrobe, PA, USA) US Pat 4965231 (23 October 1990) An alumina-based ceramic composition also contains uniform dispersions of 1.5 17.5 volume% of silicon whiskers, 5 17.5 volume% of zirconia and the residue of a magnesia addition added in an amount of 0.03 3 volume%. At least 4 volume% of the body consists of tetragonal zirconia. Composite cemented carbide Keshavan, M.K. and Rey, P.C. (Smith International, Inc, Houston, TX, USA) US Pat 4966627 (30 October 1990) A sintered cemented metal carbide comprises uniformly distributed regions of a first cemented metal carbide and a second cemented metal carbide. The first carbide has a larger average particle size than the second. Lightweight composite material Becker, R.. Goldmann, G., von Gizycki, U. and von Bonin, W. (Bayer Aktiengesellschaft, Leverkusem FRG) US Pat 4966801 (30 October 1990) The composite comprises fibres at least 50 mm long arranged three-dimensionally in a thermoplastic matrix which contains cavities. Titanium diboride/titanium alloy metal matrix microcomposite material and process for powder metal cladding Abkowitz, S., Heussi, H.L., Ludwig, H.P., Rowell, D.M. and Kraus, S.A. (Dynamet Technology, Inc, Burlington, MA USA) US Pat 4968348 (6 November 1990) A microcomposite material comprises titanium or a titanium-based alloy and 1 25 weight% of TiB,. Water-resistant laminate with high extension capacities (Knappe, H. of Grabau, FRG) US Pat 4968544 (6 November 1990) A synthetic resin laminate comprises a fibrereinforced unsaturated polyester resin layer and a styrene-modified polyphenylene oxide layer. The polyester layer contains 60-80% fibres laid longitudinally, Composite tube and method of manufacture Fellman, M. and Jarvis, J.J. (The Dexter Corporation, Pittsburgh, CA, USA) US Pat 4968545 (6 November 1990) A tubular structure is formed from at least one prepreg layer containing high modulus fibres in a resin matrix and at least one layer of a thin film of syntactic foam containing rigid microballoons in a resin matrix co-curable with the prepreg resin matrix.
Wire braid reinforced indium Socha, P.A. (Indium Corporation of America, New Hartford, NY, USA) US Pat 4968550 (6 November 1990) A flexible sheet comprises a layer of braided glass, metal or polymer fibres impregnated with indium which self-welds overs the braided filaments.When the material is cut the indium self-welds round the cut ends of the filaments at the edge. Composite material and process for the production thereof (Landler, Y. of Sceaux, France) US Pat 4968555 (6 November 1990) A composite material is composed of polyolefin and a coated reinforcement means. The coating on the reinforcement provides adhesion between the polyolefin and the reinforcement. Fibre-reinforced epoxide resins Lechner, U. and Feldsmann, A. (Degussa Aktiengesellschaft, Frankfurt am Main, FRG) US Pat 4968560 (6 November 1990) Surface pretreatment of aramid fibres for reinlbrcing epoxide resins involves an organosilane. Synthetic fibre for use in reinforcing cement mortar or concrete and cement composition containing same Mizobe, A., Okazaki, M., Mayahara, M. and Yoshinaka, J. (Kuraway Company Limited, Okayama, Japan) US Pat 4968561 (6 November 1990) A synthetic polyvinylalcohol monofilament lbr cement and concrete reinforcement has a flat cross-section in which the minor-to-major axis ratio is 1:2 - 1:10. The monofilament is cut into lengths with an aspect ratio of 20 150. Glass fibre reinforced thermoplastic moulding compositions based on polyesters and graft polymers Lausberg, D., Seiler, E., Heckmann, W. and Knoll, M. (BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Ludwigshafen, FRG) US Pat 4968731 (6 November 1990) A thermoplastic moulding composition comprises 45 -90 weight% of a mixture of a polyester. a graft polymer and a copolymer and 5 50 weight% of glass fibres. The mixture comprises 50 90% by weight of polyester, lff 25% each of the graft polymer and the copolymer. Molybdenum disilicide alloy matrix composite Petrovic, J.J., Honnell, R.E. and Gibbs, W.S. (United States Department of Energy, Washington, DC, USA) US Pat 4970179 (13 November 1990) A matrix of 50-90 mole% molybdenum disilicide and at least one silicide selected from disilicides of tungsten, niobium, tantalum, titanium, chromium, zirconium, yttrium and vanadium and trisilicides of molybdenum, tungsten, niobium, tantalum and titanium contains 10-30 volume% of silicon carbide. The silicon carbide is in the form of a 0.1 2.0 lam powder, VS or VLS whiskers or a mixture of two or more of these forms. Process for preparing precursor for silicon carbide whiskers Kwon, T. (Therm Incorporated, Ithaca, NY, USA) US Pat 4971834 (20 November 1990)
COMPOSITES. NOVEMBER 1992
467
MATERIALS
Composite coatings on refractory substrates Sarin, V.K. (G.T.E. Laboratories Incorporated, Waltham, MA, USA) US Pat 4965140 (23 October 1990) A hard refractory substrate has on its surface a dense, wear-resistant refractory layer comprising at least two phases - - a continuous layer of at least one refractory nitride, with discrete particles of at least one different refractory nitride dispersed in it. Although different both refractory nitrides are selected from nitrides of Si, B, A1, Y. Ti, Zr, HI', V, Nb, Ta, Mo and W. Aluminia-zirconia-silicon carbide-magnesia compositions and articles made therefrom Mehrotra, P.K. and Billman, E.R. (Kennametal Inc, Latrobe, PA, USA) US Pat 4965231 (23 October 1990) An alumina-based ceramic composition also contains uniform dispersions of 1.5 17.5 volume% of silicon whiskers, 5 17.5 volume% of zirconia and the residue of a magnesia addition added in an amount of 0.03 3 volume%. At least 4 volume% of the body consists of tetragonal zirconia. Composite cemented carbide Keshavan, M.K. and Rey, P.C. (Smith International, Inc, Houston, TX, USA) US Pat 4966627 (30 October 1990) A sintered cemented metal carbide comprises uniformly distributed regions of a first cemented metal carbide and a second cemented metal carbide. The first carbide has a larger average particle size than the second. Lightweight composite material Becker, R.. Goldmann, G., von Gizycki, U. and von Bonin, W. (Bayer Aktiengesellschaft, Leverkusem FRG) US Pat 4966801 (30 October 1990) The composite comprises fibres at least 50 mm long arranged three-dimensionally in a thermoplastic matrix which contains cavities. Titanium diboride/titanium alloy metal matrix microcomposite material and process for powder metal cladding Abkowitz, S., Heussi, H.L., Ludwig, H.P., Rowell, D.M. and Kraus, S.A. (Dynamet Technology, Inc, Burlington, MA USA) US Pat 4968348 (6 November 1990) A microcomposite material comprises titanium or a titanium-based alloy and 1 25 weight% of TiB,. Water-resistant laminate with high extension capacities (Knappe, H. of Grabau, FRG) US Pat 4968544 (6 November 1990) A synthetic resin laminate comprises a fibrereinforced unsaturated polyester resin layer and a styrene-modified polyphenylene oxide layer. The polyester layer contains 60-80% fibres laid longitudinally, Composite tube and method of manufacture Fellman, M. and Jarvis, J.J. (The Dexter Corporation, Pittsburgh, CA, USA) US Pat 4968545 (6 November 1990) A tubular structure is formed from at least one prepreg layer containing high modulus fibres in a resin matrix and at least one layer of a thin film of syntactic foam containing rigid microballoons in a resin matrix co-curable with the prepreg resin matrix.
Wire braid reinforced indium Socha, P.A. (Indium Corporation of America, New Hartford, NY, USA) US Pat 4968550 (6 November 1990) A flexible sheet comprises a layer of braided glass, metal or polymer fibres impregnated with indium which self-welds overs the braided filaments.When the material is cut the indium self-welds round the cut ends of the filaments at the edge. Composite material and process for the production thereof (Landler, Y. of Sceaux, France) US Pat 4968555 (6 November 1990) A composite material is composed of polyolefin and a coated reinforcement means. The coating on the reinforcement provides adhesion between the polyolefin and the reinforcement. Fibre-reinforced epoxide resins Lechner, U. and Feldsmann, A. (Degussa Aktiengesellschaft, Frankfurt am Main, FRG) US Pat 4968560 (6 November 1990) Surface pretreatment of aramid fibres for reinlbrcing epoxide resins involves an organosilane. Synthetic fibre for use in reinforcing cement mortar or concrete and cement composition containing same Mizobe, A., Okazaki, M., Mayahara, M. and Yoshinaka, J. (Kuraway Company Limited, Okayama, Japan) US Pat 4968561 (6 November 1990) A synthetic polyvinylalcohol monofilament lbr cement and concrete reinforcement has a flat cross-section in which the minor-to-major axis ratio is 1:2 - 1:10. The monofilament is cut into lengths with an aspect ratio of 20 150. Glass fibre reinforced thermoplastic moulding compositions based on polyesters and graft polymers Lausberg, D., Seiler, E., Heckmann, W. and Knoll, M. (BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Ludwigshafen, FRG) US Pat 4968731 (6 November 1990) A thermoplastic moulding composition comprises 45 -90 weight% of a mixture of a polyester. a graft polymer and a copolymer and 5 50 weight% of glass fibres. The mixture comprises 50 90% by weight of polyester, lff 25% each of the graft polymer and the copolymer. Molybdenum disilicide alloy matrix composite Petrovic, J.J., Honnell, R.E. and Gibbs, W.S. (United States Department of Energy, Washington, DC, USA) US Pat 4970179 (13 November 1990) A matrix of 50-90 mole% molybdenum disilicide and at least one silicide selected from disilicides of tungsten, niobium, tantalum, titanium, chromium, zirconium, yttrium and vanadium and trisilicides of molybdenum, tungsten, niobium, tantalum and titanium contains 10-30 volume% of silicon carbide. The silicon carbide is in the form of a 0.1 2.0 lam powder, VS or VLS whiskers or a mixture of two or more of these forms. Process for preparing precursor for silicon carbide whiskers Kwon, T. (Therm Incorporated, Ithaca, NY, USA) US Pat 4971834 (20 November 1990)
COMPOSITES. NOVEMBER 1992
467