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Experimental psychology in industry
Abstracts
Information processing and transmission
To provide readers of Applied Ergonomicswith a selection of current ergonomics literature likely to be of direct practical value, abstracts are published selected from the collection held at the Ergonomics Information Analysis Centre. These abstracts are classified in a similar manner to the main articles in the journal; for easy reference, the code number at the head of each abstact (eg 1.1.21 ) consists of the volume number, part of issue number and a sequential number. The published abstacts are only a selection of the Centre's material and readers concerned with specific areas are invited to contact the Centre for further information. Those readers unable to obtain copies of the original articles abstracted here through their usual sources, such as a company librarian, may obtain photocopies from the Centre. Details of this service are available from The Ergonomics Information Analysis Centre, Department of Engineering Production, University of Birmingham, P.O. Box 363, Birmingham 15. Tel. 021-472 1301.
General 3.1.224(58245)
Holding, D.H. Experimental psychology in industry Penguin Books Ltd, 1969, 445 pp, £0.60; abstr, in Training Abstracts This is a collection of papers chosen from experiments on the behaviour of men as operators, controllers and monitors of their instruments, vehicles and equipment. This collection represents the application of experimental laboratory methods to research in industrial psychology. There are 23 papers divided into seven groups: (1) Human Engineering, (2) Maintenance, (3) Monitoring and Inspection, (4) Technological Skills, (5) Training, (6) Ageing, (7) Noise. The 23 papers appeared in such journals as 'Ergonomics', 'Occupational Psychology', 'The Lancet' and 'Glass Technology' and in American journals between 1954 and 1967, but most papers are.recent - fourteen since 1960. The authors include A.T. Welford, D.E. Broadbent, R. Conrad, E. Belbin and K.F.H. MurreU.
Visual processes in man 3.1.225(58257)
Guilino, G. Vision testing prior to assignment to a post (In G e r m a n ) A r beitsmedizin-So zialm ediz inArbeitshygiene, 1970, 5.4, 100-104; abstr, in Occupational Safety and Health Abstracts Since even persons with relatively good eyesight find their sight disturbed
52
after prolonged visual effort, it is necessary to check workers' aptitude to perform certain visual tasks. The relationship between visual capacity and work results is determined statistically. Description of various visual tests and the relevant instruments used in industry. Results of the statistical processing and interpretation of these results. Eyesight criteria applicable to the choice of workers for certain posts.
3.1.226(58266) Wannemacher, U.P. Examinations of people suffering from partial colour blindness in view of their admission as vocational motorists (In German) Zeitschrift fur Verkehrssicherheit, 1971, 1.1, 20-29 In January 1970 all files of 1947 to 1969 were re-examined by the Forensic Medicine Institute, Zurich, as a result of petitions from people suffering from partial colour blindness, for higherclassified driving licences (category b = light taxis, category c = heavy-duty buses, category d = heavy-duty road trucks). 97 petitioners succeeded in being re-tested by the anomaloscope and with the aid of the Velhagen and Ishihara tables. In 50% (48 out of 97) of the cases examined a different diagnosis was given to that found by the initial test of the Forensic Medicine Institute. It proved that an accurate diagnosis is feasible with the aid of the anomaloscope. In particular, the redblindness people could not be definitely distinguished from other persons suffering from partial colour blindness. Nevertheless the Ishihara tables proved to be suitable for screen tests.
Applied Ergonomics March 1972
3.1.227(58371)
Hankins III, W.W. and Gainer, P.A. Reaction times of subjects in tests with display-control configurations typical of those used in continuous tracking tasks Abstr. in Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports (Report No N7116506), Feb. 1971 Reaction times of human subjects to different displays have been measured. Statistical analyses were made of the effects of intersubject variability, direction of display m o t i o n , display differences, learning and fatigue, and rates of display indicator motion. Subjects using the same displaycontrol configuration exhibited significantly different response times. Reaction times were found to differ significantly with displays and display indicator rates.
Physiology, anthropometry and biomechanics 3.1.228(58423) Southgate, D.A.T. and Shirling, D. The energy expenditure and food intake of the ship's c o m p a n y of a submarine Ergonomics, 1970, 13.6, 777-782 The energy expenditure and food intake of the ship's c o m p a n y of a conventionally-powered submarine were measured under normal operational conditions. Energy expenditure measured in a representative sample of 17 men by the activity diary method and measurements of ventilation rates a m o u n t e d to 2980"2-_ 320 (SD) kcal/man/24 h, varying considerably with the duties of the individual. F o o d intake was estimated by measuring the food drawn from stores and by collection and analysis of food waste and indicated an intake of approximately 3700 kcal/man/24 h whilst at sea; in addition thirteen men weighed their food individually and had a mean intake of 3340 + 541 kcal/ man]24 h. 3.1.229(58424) Tarri~re, C. and Andre, A. Evaluation of the energy expenditure for various work postures and their effect on total energy expenditure (In French) Conditions de Travail, Jun. 1970, No 12, 25-44; abstr, in Occupational Safety and Health Abstracts
Information processing and transmission
To provide readers of Applied Ergonomicswith a selection of current ergonomics literature likely to be of direct practical value, abstracts are published selected from the collection held at the Ergonomics Information Analysis Centre. These abstracts are classified in a similar manner to the main articles in the journal; for easy reference, the code number at the head of each abstact (eg 1.1.21 ) consists of the volume number, part of issue number and a sequential number. The published abstacts are only a selection of the Centre's material and readers concerned with specific areas are invited to contact the Centre for further information. Those readers unable to obtain copies of the original articles abstracted here through their usual sources, such as a company librarian, may obtain photocopies from the Centre. Details of this service are available from The Ergonomics Information Analysis Centre, Department of Engineering Production, University of Birmingham, P.O. Box 363, Birmingham 15. Tel. 021-472 1301.
General 3.1.224(58245)
Holding, D.H. Experimental psychology in industry Penguin Books Ltd, 1969, 445 pp, £0.60; abstr, in Training Abstracts This is a collection of papers chosen from experiments on the behaviour of men as operators, controllers and monitors of their instruments, vehicles and equipment. This collection represents the application of experimental laboratory methods to research in industrial psychology. There are 23 papers divided into seven groups: (1) Human Engineering, (2) Maintenance, (3) Monitoring and Inspection, (4) Technological Skills, (5) Training, (6) Ageing, (7) Noise. The 23 papers appeared in such journals as 'Ergonomics', 'Occupational Psychology', 'The Lancet' and 'Glass Technology' and in American journals between 1954 and 1967, but most papers are.recent - fourteen since 1960. The authors include A.T. Welford, D.E. Broadbent, R. Conrad, E. Belbin and K.F.H. MurreU.
Visual processes in man 3.1.225(58257)
Guilino, G. Vision testing prior to assignment to a post (In G e r m a n ) A r beitsmedizin-So zialm ediz inArbeitshygiene, 1970, 5.4, 100-104; abstr, in Occupational Safety and Health Abstracts Since even persons with relatively good eyesight find their sight disturbed
52
after prolonged visual effort, it is necessary to check workers' aptitude to perform certain visual tasks. The relationship between visual capacity and work results is determined statistically. Description of various visual tests and the relevant instruments used in industry. Results of the statistical processing and interpretation of these results. Eyesight criteria applicable to the choice of workers for certain posts.
3.1.226(58266) Wannemacher, U.P. Examinations of people suffering from partial colour blindness in view of their admission as vocational motorists (In German) Zeitschrift fur Verkehrssicherheit, 1971, 1.1, 20-29 In January 1970 all files of 1947 to 1969 were re-examined by the Forensic Medicine Institute, Zurich, as a result of petitions from people suffering from partial colour blindness, for higherclassified driving licences (category b = light taxis, category c = heavy-duty buses, category d = heavy-duty road trucks). 97 petitioners succeeded in being re-tested by the anomaloscope and with the aid of the Velhagen and Ishihara tables. In 50% (48 out of 97) of the cases examined a different diagnosis was given to that found by the initial test of the Forensic Medicine Institute. It proved that an accurate diagnosis is feasible with the aid of the anomaloscope. In particular, the redblindness people could not be definitely distinguished from other persons suffering from partial colour blindness. Nevertheless the Ishihara tables proved to be suitable for screen tests.
Applied Ergonomics March 1972
3.1.227(58371)
Hankins III, W.W. and Gainer, P.A. Reaction times of subjects in tests with display-control configurations typical of those used in continuous tracking tasks Abstr. in Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports (Report No N7116506), Feb. 1971 Reaction times of human subjects to different displays have been measured. Statistical analyses were made of the effects of intersubject variability, direction of display m o t i o n , display differences, learning and fatigue, and rates of display indicator motion. Subjects using the same displaycontrol configuration exhibited significantly different response times. Reaction times were found to differ significantly with displays and display indicator rates.
Physiology, anthropometry and biomechanics 3.1.228(58423) Southgate, D.A.T. and Shirling, D. The energy expenditure and food intake of the ship's c o m p a n y of a submarine Ergonomics, 1970, 13.6, 777-782 The energy expenditure and food intake of the ship's c o m p a n y of a conventionally-powered submarine were measured under normal operational conditions. Energy expenditure measured in a representative sample of 17 men by the activity diary method and measurements of ventilation rates a m o u n t e d to 2980"2-_ 320 (SD) kcal/man/24 h, varying considerably with the duties of the individual. F o o d intake was estimated by measuring the food drawn from stores and by collection and analysis of food waste and indicated an intake of approximately 3700 kcal/man/24 h whilst at sea; in addition thirteen men weighed their food individually and had a mean intake of 3340 + 541 kcal/ man]24 h. 3.1.229(58424) Tarri~re, C. and Andre, A. Evaluation of the energy expenditure for various work postures and their effect on total energy expenditure (In French) Conditions de Travail, Jun. 1970, No 12, 25-44; abstr, in Occupational Safety and Health Abstracts