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Experimentally induced intrusions during learning and memory processes in brain damaged and normal subjects
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EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCED INTRUSIONS DURING LEARNING AND MEMORYPROCESSES IN BRAIN DAMAGED AND NORMALSUBJECTS NADIG, T. AND PERRET, E.
....
Neuropsychology Unit, Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, U n i v e r s i t y Hospital ZUrich, Switzerland Various hypotheses to explain d i f f e r e n t learning and. memory problems in pat i e n t s with c o r t i c a l and subcortical brain lesions have been proposed. In the present study we examined systematically the learning and memory performance of patients with mainly c o r t i c a l l e s i o n s , alcoholics (with assumed subc o r t i c a l lesions) and normal controls. Three d i f f e r e n t kinds of material
(nouns, pictures and nonsense f i g u r e s )
were presented. Learning, memory and interference between materials was examined. We found s i t e of lesion and type of material a f f e c t learning d i f f e r e n t i a l l y , In delayed r e c a l l no s i g n i f i c a n t group differences were found in overall number of correct responses. I n t e r e s t i n g l y , however, type of material resulted in sign i f i c a n t l y d i f f e r e n t l e v e l s of performance w i t h i n a l l groups. F i n a l l y f r o n t a l patients were found to be considerably more prone'to experimentally induced i n trusions than other c o r t i c a l
p a t i e n t s , a l c o h o l i c s and normal c o n t r o l s ,
WHAT DOES A RAT DO IF IT HAS AN ATTENTIONAL DEFICIT? OADES, R.D., SIMON, H. AND LE MOAL, M. Laboratoire de Neurobiologie des Comportements, Universit~ de Bordeaux I I , F-33076 Bordeaux C~dex, France The p h y s i o l o g i s t is s a t i s f i e d that an animal shOws,a n a t t e n t i o n - r e l a t e d rather than a memory d e f i c i t
i f the performance of the animal on a l a t e n t i n -
h i b i t i o n or blocking task is above normal I. But the b~ologist seeks i n d i c a t o r s of the a t t e n t i o n a l and memory mechanisms operative in learning in overt adaptive behaviour 2 Collateral rearing by rats with lesions of the dopamine system during the performance of a delayed a l t e r n a t i o n task has been cited as evidence of an attentional disturbance 3. S i m i l a r l y treated animals showing impaired performance on a holeboard search task according to a measure of a t t e n t i o n a l relevance also reared excessively 4
EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCED INTRUSIONS DURING LEARNING AND MEMORYPROCESSES IN BRAIN DAMAGED AND NORMALSUBJECTS NADIG, T. AND PERRET, E.
....
Neuropsychology Unit, Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, U n i v e r s i t y Hospital ZUrich, Switzerland Various hypotheses to explain d i f f e r e n t learning and. memory problems in pat i e n t s with c o r t i c a l and subcortical brain lesions have been proposed. In the present study we examined systematically the learning and memory performance of patients with mainly c o r t i c a l l e s i o n s , alcoholics (with assumed subc o r t i c a l lesions) and normal controls. Three d i f f e r e n t kinds of material
(nouns, pictures and nonsense f i g u r e s )
were presented. Learning, memory and interference between materials was examined. We found s i t e of lesion and type of material a f f e c t learning d i f f e r e n t i a l l y , In delayed r e c a l l no s i g n i f i c a n t group differences were found in overall number of correct responses. I n t e r e s t i n g l y , however, type of material resulted in sign i f i c a n t l y d i f f e r e n t l e v e l s of performance w i t h i n a l l groups. F i n a l l y f r o n t a l patients were found to be considerably more prone'to experimentally induced i n trusions than other c o r t i c a l
p a t i e n t s , a l c o h o l i c s and normal c o n t r o l s ,
WHAT DOES A RAT DO IF IT HAS AN ATTENTIONAL DEFICIT? OADES, R.D., SIMON, H. AND LE MOAL, M. Laboratoire de Neurobiologie des Comportements, Universit~ de Bordeaux I I , F-33076 Bordeaux C~dex, France The p h y s i o l o g i s t is s a t i s f i e d that an animal shOws,a n a t t e n t i o n - r e l a t e d rather than a memory d e f i c i t
i f the performance of the animal on a l a t e n t i n -
h i b i t i o n or blocking task is above normal I. But the b~ologist seeks i n d i c a t o r s of the a t t e n t i o n a l and memory mechanisms operative in learning in overt adaptive behaviour 2 Collateral rearing by rats with lesions of the dopamine system during the performance of a delayed a l t e r n a t i o n task has been cited as evidence of an attentional disturbance 3. S i m i l a r l y treated animals showing impaired performance on a holeboard search task according to a measure of a t t e n t i o n a l relevance also reared excessively 4