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Extreme cardiac hypertrophy in bodybuilders: Mechanical assessment of diastolic alteration
254 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acvdsp.2018.02.168 368
Extreme cardiac hypertrophy in bodybuilders: Mechanical assessment of diastolic alteration A. Grandperrin 1,∗ , P. Moronval 2 , O. Izem 1 , I. Schuster 2 , S. Nottin 1 1 Laboratoire de pharm écologie cardiovasculaire, Avignon, France 2 CHU de Nîmes Caremeau, 30000 Nîmes, France ∗ Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (A. Grandperrin) Introduction This study aimed to evaluate the effect of bodybuilding (a combination of training and anabolic steroids abuse) on left ventricular diastolic function and, more specifically, on underlying mechanisms that characterize this function (e.g. filling pressure, relaxation and twist-untwist mechanics). Methods Participants (n = 44; aged 20 to 45 years) were from healthy sedentary population (SED, n = 15), strength-training athletes who had no history of anabolic steroid use (FOR, n = 15) and bodybuilders who had history of anabolic steroid use (AAS, n = 14). Each participant underwent 2D-strain echocardiography assessment to study morphological and functional parameters. Results Both the AAS and FOR groups had a concentric hypertrophy of the left ventricle. However, it was more severe in the AAS group. Left ventricular diastolic function was also significantly altered in the AAS group (P < 0.05) as indicated by a decrease in E wave velocity and E/A ratio, a decrease in relaxation (E’ and SrL diastolic), an increase of filling pressure (i.e. an increase of SIDI), as well as a decrease in twist (in relation to decrease of apical rotation) and untwist velocities. Conclusion Bodybuilding in conjunction with use of anabolic steroids induces concentric hypertrophy of the left ventricle and adversely alters left ventricular diastolic function. Disclosure of interest The authors declare that they have no competing interest. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acvdsp.2018.02.169 398
Heart clearing opens new insights in the quantification of injured area after ischemia reperfusion A. Paccalet ∗ , S. Badawi , Y. Gouriou , G. Bidaux , C. Crola Da Silva INSERM U1060, groupement hospitalier Est, batiment B13, CarMeN laboratory, cardioprotection team, IHU Opera, Bron, France ∗ Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (A. Paccalet) Introduction Myocardial infarction leads to ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury. The quantification of tissue injury is essential in translational research. Although MRI or X-ray scanner can estimate injured area in live animals, their cost and their limited accessibility often restrict their use. Actually, the commonly used method is the TTC blue technique, based on the unisperse blue and performed on organ slices. However, it is partly subjective, time consuming and a volume estimation. The recent development of clearing methods in neurosciences opens new insights through giving access to high spatially resolved whole organ imaging. Indeed, tissue fixation followed by lipids removing increases the scattering of light travelling through the tissue in microscopy. Objective To quantify infarct size in 3D we propose in this study to adapt clearing method to heart. Methods Using X-Clarity system, mice hearts were clarified after ishemia-reperfusion sequences and imaging was performed by confocal microscopy and light-sheet imaging systems.
Topic 26 — Cardiovascular imaging Results Cleared heart can be imaged in depth (> 1.5 mm) and thus enables the tomography of 3D volumes with a high spatial resolution (300 nm in xy; 1—5 m in z). This study provides a proofof-concept that multi-scale imaging can be achieved on cleared heart to study cells in their native physiopathological environment. We also demonstrate that myocardium autofluorescence mainly originates from myoglobin. Myoglobin spectrum can be used to quantify oxidized area, which could actually reveal the infarct area. So we developed a half-automated algorithm on ImageJ to quantify area-at-risk and oxidized area. Conclusion This technique offers a novel approach of infarct size quantification in 3D. The possibility to perform immunostaining of structures of interest and cells also allow new perspectives on the understanding of I/R injury. Disclosure of interest The authors declare that they have no competing interest. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acvdsp.2018.02.170 374
Increased vertebral arterial tortuosity index in adult marfan FBN1 associated with adverses outcomes B. Celestin ∗ , G. Jondeau , O. Milleron Cardiologie, hôpital Bichat, Paris, France ∗ Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (B. Celestin) Introduction Marfan syndrome is an autosomal dominant genetic pathology leading to cardiovascular outcomes (death, aortic dissection/rupture). In this study, we were interested in recognizing patients at risk for dissection. Pathologies of elastic tissue such as Marfan syndrome may induce a increase of the size of the vessels in diameter but also in length inducing arterial tortuosity. The importance of the tortuosity was evaluated via the arterial tortuosity index calculated like this: [(Actual length/straight length − 1) × 100]. In the literature, this ITV (vertebral tortuosity index) has been shown to be a predictive marker of events in patients with connective tissue disorders in children and young adults. Objectif The aim of this study is to find its predictive value marker in adults patients with Marfan syndrome related to a FBN1 gene mutation. Material and methods We selected 2 populations: patients with Marfan syndrome related to a FBN1 gene mutation and the control population was selected of similar age, in whom imaging was performed. For each patient, measurements were performed. The calculation of the ITV was carried out according to the formula: [(actual length/straight length − 1) × 100]. Results ITV was higher in Marfan versus controls. The index of right vertebral tortuosity was significantly higher for Marfan FBN1 patients. The mean of the right ITV was 49.9 ± 1.5 with 95% CI [46.8—53] for Marfan versus 34.1 ± 1.5 for controls with 95% CI [31—37.2] and P < 0.0001. The ITVs were globally significantly higher for patients with aortic dissections. The mean of the right ITV was 48 ± 1.8 with 95% CI [44—51] for patients without dissection versus 65.5 ± 5 with 95% CI [54—75] with P < 0.05 (P = 0.0033) for patients with dissection. Conclusion This study allowed us to demonstrate that tortuosity indexes were significantly higher in Marfan patients and that the right ITV was significantly higher in Marfan patients at risk for dissection. Disclosure of interest The authors declare that they have no competing interest. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acvdsp.2018.02.171 143
Extreme cardiac hypertrophy in bodybuilders: Mechanical assessment of diastolic alteration A. Grandperrin 1,∗ , P. Moronval 2 , O. Izem 1 , I. Schuster 2 , S. Nottin 1 1 Laboratoire de pharm écologie cardiovasculaire, Avignon, France 2 CHU de Nîmes Caremeau, 30000 Nîmes, France ∗ Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (A. Grandperrin) Introduction This study aimed to evaluate the effect of bodybuilding (a combination of training and anabolic steroids abuse) on left ventricular diastolic function and, more specifically, on underlying mechanisms that characterize this function (e.g. filling pressure, relaxation and twist-untwist mechanics). Methods Participants (n = 44; aged 20 to 45 years) were from healthy sedentary population (SED, n = 15), strength-training athletes who had no history of anabolic steroid use (FOR, n = 15) and bodybuilders who had history of anabolic steroid use (AAS, n = 14). Each participant underwent 2D-strain echocardiography assessment to study morphological and functional parameters. Results Both the AAS and FOR groups had a concentric hypertrophy of the left ventricle. However, it was more severe in the AAS group. Left ventricular diastolic function was also significantly altered in the AAS group (P < 0.05) as indicated by a decrease in E wave velocity and E/A ratio, a decrease in relaxation (E’ and SrL diastolic), an increase of filling pressure (i.e. an increase of SIDI), as well as a decrease in twist (in relation to decrease of apical rotation) and untwist velocities. Conclusion Bodybuilding in conjunction with use of anabolic steroids induces concentric hypertrophy of the left ventricle and adversely alters left ventricular diastolic function. Disclosure of interest The authors declare that they have no competing interest. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acvdsp.2018.02.169 398
Heart clearing opens new insights in the quantification of injured area after ischemia reperfusion A. Paccalet ∗ , S. Badawi , Y. Gouriou , G. Bidaux , C. Crola Da Silva INSERM U1060, groupement hospitalier Est, batiment B13, CarMeN laboratory, cardioprotection team, IHU Opera, Bron, France ∗ Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (A. Paccalet) Introduction Myocardial infarction leads to ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury. The quantification of tissue injury is essential in translational research. Although MRI or X-ray scanner can estimate injured area in live animals, their cost and their limited accessibility often restrict their use. Actually, the commonly used method is the TTC blue technique, based on the unisperse blue and performed on organ slices. However, it is partly subjective, time consuming and a volume estimation. The recent development of clearing methods in neurosciences opens new insights through giving access to high spatially resolved whole organ imaging. Indeed, tissue fixation followed by lipids removing increases the scattering of light travelling through the tissue in microscopy. Objective To quantify infarct size in 3D we propose in this study to adapt clearing method to heart. Methods Using X-Clarity system, mice hearts were clarified after ishemia-reperfusion sequences and imaging was performed by confocal microscopy and light-sheet imaging systems.
Topic 26 — Cardiovascular imaging Results Cleared heart can be imaged in depth (> 1.5 mm) and thus enables the tomography of 3D volumes with a high spatial resolution (300 nm in xy; 1—5 m in z). This study provides a proofof-concept that multi-scale imaging can be achieved on cleared heart to study cells in their native physiopathological environment. We also demonstrate that myocardium autofluorescence mainly originates from myoglobin. Myoglobin spectrum can be used to quantify oxidized area, which could actually reveal the infarct area. So we developed a half-automated algorithm on ImageJ to quantify area-at-risk and oxidized area. Conclusion This technique offers a novel approach of infarct size quantification in 3D. The possibility to perform immunostaining of structures of interest and cells also allow new perspectives on the understanding of I/R injury. Disclosure of interest The authors declare that they have no competing interest. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acvdsp.2018.02.170 374
Increased vertebral arterial tortuosity index in adult marfan FBN1 associated with adverses outcomes B. Celestin ∗ , G. Jondeau , O. Milleron Cardiologie, hôpital Bichat, Paris, France ∗ Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (B. Celestin) Introduction Marfan syndrome is an autosomal dominant genetic pathology leading to cardiovascular outcomes (death, aortic dissection/rupture). In this study, we were interested in recognizing patients at risk for dissection. Pathologies of elastic tissue such as Marfan syndrome may induce a increase of the size of the vessels in diameter but also in length inducing arterial tortuosity. The importance of the tortuosity was evaluated via the arterial tortuosity index calculated like this: [(Actual length/straight length − 1) × 100]. In the literature, this ITV (vertebral tortuosity index) has been shown to be a predictive marker of events in patients with connective tissue disorders in children and young adults. Objectif The aim of this study is to find its predictive value marker in adults patients with Marfan syndrome related to a FBN1 gene mutation. Material and methods We selected 2 populations: patients with Marfan syndrome related to a FBN1 gene mutation and the control population was selected of similar age, in whom imaging was performed. For each patient, measurements were performed. The calculation of the ITV was carried out according to the formula: [(actual length/straight length − 1) × 100]. Results ITV was higher in Marfan versus controls. The index of right vertebral tortuosity was significantly higher for Marfan FBN1 patients. The mean of the right ITV was 49.9 ± 1.5 with 95% CI [46.8—53] for Marfan versus 34.1 ± 1.5 for controls with 95% CI [31—37.2] and P < 0.0001. The ITVs were globally significantly higher for patients with aortic dissections. The mean of the right ITV was 48 ± 1.8 with 95% CI [44—51] for patients without dissection versus 65.5 ± 5 with 95% CI [54—75] with P < 0.05 (P = 0.0033) for patients with dissection. Conclusion This study allowed us to demonstrate that tortuosity indexes were significantly higher in Marfan patients and that the right ITV was significantly higher in Marfan patients at risk for dissection. Disclosure of interest The authors declare that they have no competing interest. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acvdsp.2018.02.171 143